Test 3 (Consumer Protection) P10

Food and Drug Act (year)

(1906)

Flammable Fabrics Act and (year)

(1953) regulates the manufacture of highly flammable (fabrics) clothing, furnishings, mattresses, etc.

Federal Hazardous Substances Act and (year)

(1960) Warning labels and safety statements on household hazardous substances.

Federal Product Safety Claim (with year)

(1970) 20 million Americans a year injured as a result of consumer product use.

Poison Prevention Packaging Act and similar laws (and year). - Where is it directed at?

(1970) Mainly directed at child poisoning.

Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC) and (year) is charged with?

(1972) Protecting the public from unreasonable risks of serious injury or death from more than 15,000 types of consumer products under the agency's jurisdiction.

Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act passed in what year? and was partially a reaction to?

(2008) Lead toy scandals (foreign; mostly China)

Cosmetics (2):

- No pre-approval - Regulation of problems and manufacturing

Medical Devices (2)

- Similar system to drug approval - Typically more post-approval study required

What is the amount up to for penalties (for a series of violations) against a business? Up from $______due to the CPSIA?

- Up to $15 million - Up from $1.82 million

Fast tracking and delays; unfair criticism?

...

Lemon markets?

...

(4) Drug Regulations:

1) Drug pre-approval 2) Drug manufacturing requirements 3) Drug recalls 4) Fast tracking and delays

Drug pre-approval examples (3):

1) NDA or monograph 2) Extensive testing required for drugs 3) Difference between OTC and prescription drugs

Regulatory actions the CPSC can take (4):

1) Performance requirements 2) Warnings 3) Instructions 4) Bans

(4) things CPSC is supposed to do:

1) Protect public against unreasonable risks of injury from consumer products 2) Assist consumers in evaluating comparative safety 3)Develop uniform safety standards 4) Promote research and investigation into consumer-related deaths and injuries

2 examples of these requirements: (2)

1) Slaughter regulations (Mobile slaughterhouses) 2) Labeling (Nutritional Labeling)

Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act effects/provisions (2):

1) Vast increase in CPSC funding 2) Testing requirements on many products primarily "children's products"

The CPSC does not cover (3):

1)Automobiles and other on-road vehicles (but does cover ATVs and other off-road vehicles) 2) Tires 3) Boats, alcohol, tobacco, firearms, food, drugs, cosmetics, pesticides, and medical devices.

How is this prohibited?

By requiring quality standards, inspections, and labeling.

What was added to the Flammable Fabrics Act?

Chemical Tris, in Children's sleepwear.

Who stated the Federal Product Safety Claim findings?

Congress

How did the Consumer Product Safety Act result?

Congress decided that consumers did not have enough information, and that even if they did, there were unreasonable hazards in the marketplace.

Describe the testing requirements on many products effect/provision:

Extremely onerous, focused on lead and phthalates, but cover any safety rule - Require third-party testing and a certificate of compliance.

Consumer Products Safety Act

Federal Government decided to legislate against "unreasonable" product hazards.

Food and Drug Administration governs:

Food, Drugs, Cosmetics, and Medical Devices

When do the CPSC take action to Ban?

If there is unreasonable risk and no feasible safety standard that would adequately protect consumers.

Enforcement of the Consumer Products Safety Act is aided by:

Inspections, reports, and product certifications

Except ______ on third-party testing.

Mattel

What are the costs to the nation from deaths, injuries, and property damage from consumer product incidents annually?

More than $700 billion

What is an "unreasonable" hazard? (definition 1)

One which can be prevented or reduced without affecting the product's utility, cost, or availability.

The CPSC's work to ensure the safety of consumer products such as:

Toys, cribs, power tools, cigarette lighters, and household chemicals

The Jungle

Upton Sinclair; depicts poverty, the absence of social programs, unpleasant living and working conditions, and the hopelessness prevalent among the working class, which is contrasted with the deeply-rooted corruption of people in power

FDA prohibits:

distributing food that is "adulterated" or "misbranded."

There are no _______ or _______ to the effects/provisions.

exclusions or limitations

Complete ________ or _______ to how manufacturing actually works.

ignorance or indifference

"unreasonable" hazard (definition 2)

one in which the effect on the product's utility, cost, or availability is outweighed by the need to protect the public from the hazard associated with the product.

The CPSC is committed to:

protecting consumers and families from products that pose a fire, electrical, chemical, mechanical hazard or can injure children.

The CPSC's work has contributed significantly to:

the 30% decline in the rate of deaths and injuries associated with consumer products over the past 30 years.