Test 4

If a city with a population of 10,000 experiences 100 births, 40 deaths, 10 immigrants, and 30 emigrants in the course of a year, what is its net annual percentage growth rate?

0.4%

If a country has a crude birth rate of 25 per 1,000 and a crude death rate of 8 per 1,000, the natural annual percent increase of its population is

1.7%

If a population is growing at a constant rate of 7% per year, it will double in approximately

10 years

If the population of a country grows at a rate of approximately 5 percent per year, the number of years required for the population to double is closest to

15 years

What is the population doubling time in years for a country with an annual growth rate of 3.5 percent?

20

Approximately what percent of the population in Country II is under age 15?

25%

The current world population is closest to which of the following?

7 billion

A large city has a population of 50 million people. The population is increasing at a rate of 1.9 percent per year. If this rate remains constant, what will the population be in 25 years?

80 million

Which of the following is the best description of a population that has a stable age distibution?

A growing population in which the proportions of individuals in the different age classes remain constant

The population of Japan is steadily declining. Which of the following is NOT a reason for such a decline?

AIDS

By the year 2050, world population is expected to approach 10 billion. If the current population trends continue, which region of the world will most likely experience the majority of the growth?

Africa and Asia

Which of the following best exemplifies population momentum?

Continued growth of a population after fertility drops to replacement level

In a human population undergoing the demographic transition, which of the following generally decreases first?

Death rate

The graph above shows age distribution for a certain country. Based on the data, the population is likely to

Decrease in the future

The diagram above illustrates how the number of individuals in a population changed with time as a result of external stresses and resource limitations. Which lettered portion of the curve most likely corresponds to the carrying capacity of the ecosystem?

E

An increase in ___ tends to correspond to a decrease in ___.

Female literacy rates; total fertility rates

The experiences of Iran, China, Taiwan, South Korea, Thailand, and Japan show that a country can achieve or come close to replacement level fertility through I. Reducing poverty II. Investing in renewable resources III. Elevating the social and economic status of women

I and III

Countries undergoing rapid population growth include which of the following?

I only

Current global data indicate that I. birth rates are increasing II. population is declining III. death rates are decreasing

III only

Although the fertility rate for women in the United States has declined in recent years to a value below replacement level, the United States population is still increasing because of

Immigration

Which of the following is most typically associated with the transition from a rural to an urbanized society?

Increased rates of population growth

A country with a TFR that falls below 1.5 children per couple for a prolonged period will experience all of the following except

Increasing number of working taxpayers.

Which of the following is a true statement about replacement-level fertility?

It is greater in countries with high infant-mortality rates than in countries with low infant-mortality rates.

Zero population growth and a large total population is associated with which phase of the demographic transition model (shown above)?

Phase I and IV

Which of the following phase/s of the demographic transition model occurs when the population grows due to improved food production and health?

Phase II only

Which of the following practices would have the biggest impact on achieving global sustainability?

Reducing human population size

The prevalence rate of AIDS is highest in

Sub-Saharan Africa

The increase in the size of Earth's human population in the last century has been dramatic. Which of the following identifies two major contributors to this increase?

The Industrial Revolution and modern medicine

The three most populous countries in the world are China, India, and

The United States

What two main factors would best indicate the quality of life of a country's population?

The birth rate and the infant mortality rate

There is a population of birds that is currently very well adapted to their environment. If that environment were to suddenly experience a major change, what is likely to happen to the population of birds. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

The population of birds could become extinct if conditions are too extreme for survival Some of the population of birds could adapt and start adjusting to a new way of life

Which of the following is a true statement about the total fertility of a society?

The total fertility of a society decreases as the society progresses throughout the demographic transition.

As a country goes through the demographic transition, the greatest rate of population growth takes place during which phase?

The transitional

Genetic drift tends to occur in populations that

are small.

According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have

c. variations best suited to environmental conditions

If an organism died within about the last 50,000 years, scientists are able to find out exactly when it died by using a method called

carbon dating

All of the following are examples of reproductive isolation EXCEPT

different genders (sexual isolation)

In organisms that reproduce sexually, most genetic variation that can be inherited is due to

genetic recombination (crossing over) during meiosis.

In an experiment, suppose that the wings of fruit flies were clipped short for 50 generations. The 51st generation was born with normal-length wings. This observation proves that evolution is not based on

inheritance of acquired characteristics.

The Earth's exponential increase in human population during the last century has largely been influenced by

the Industrial Revolution