The Cardiovascular System

Delay(s) occurs here while atria contract

AV node

Which of these structures conduct(s) action potentials the slowest? AV node Purkinje fibers Bundle branches AV bundle

AV node

Convey(s) the impulse down the interventricular septum

Bundle branches

Link(s) between the SA node and AV node

Internodal pathways

Set(s) the pace for the entire heart

SA node

Which part of the intrinsic conduction system normally initiates the depolarizing impulse that causes a heartbeat? SA node Internodal pathway AV node AV bundle

SA node

Blood leaves the left ventricle through an artery known as the ________. aorta coronary sinus pulmonary trunk superior vena cava

aorta

The pointed, inferior portion of the heart, known as the ________, rests on the diaphragm and is oriented toward the left hip. mediastinum apex base pericardium

apex

The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as the ________, while the two inferior discharging chambers of the heart are known as the ________. ventricles; atria arteries; veins atria; ventricles veins; arteries

atria; ventricles

The first heart sound, "lub," is caused by the closure of the ________ valves. atrioventricular (AV) aortic semilunar pulmonary

atrioventricular (AV)

The tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles are called the ________. ductus venosus chordae tendineae ligamentum arteriosum myocardium

chordae tendineae

What anchors the flaps of the atrioventricular valves to the walls of the ventricles? ligamentum arteriosum chordae tendineae interatrial septum fossa ovalis coronary sulcus

chordae tendineae

When ventricles ________, the AV valves are closed. relax dilate contract open

contract

Oxygented blood nourishing the myocardium comes from vessels that branch off the aorta called ________. pulmonary veins coronary arteries pulmonary arteries venae cavae

coronary arteries

Which of the following supply the myocardium with oxygen-rich blood? coronary arteries blood within heart chambers pulmonary vein superior vena cava (SVC)

coronary arteries

The four pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to this chamber left atrium right ventricle right atrium left ventricle

left atrium

Heart chamber with the thickest wall left atrium right ventricle right atrium left ventricle

left ventricle

Inferior discharging chamber on the left side of the heart left atrium right ventricle right atrium left ventricle

left ventricle

Roof of this chamber contains the bicuspid valve left atrium right ventricle right atrium left ventricle

left ventricle

The bicuspid valve is also referred to as the ________ valve. mitral semilunar aortic pulmonary

mitral

The bicuspid valve is also referred to as the ________ valve. pulmonary mitral semilunar aortic

mitral

What is the function of the heart valves? synchronizes blood flow through chambers on each side of the heart allows blood to flow from one chamber to the next regulates blood pressure in the chambers of the heart prevents backflow of blood

prevents backflow of blood

The left atrium receives blood from the ________. inferior vena cava pulmonary arteries superior vena cava aorta pulmonary veins

pulmonary veins

Heart chamber that contains the sinoatrial node left atrium right ventricle right atrium left ventricle

right atrium

The coronary sinus empties blood from cardiac circulation into this chamber left atrium right ventricle right atrium left ventricle

right atrium

The fossa ovalis is visible in this chamber left atrium right ventricle right atrium left ventricle

right atrium

Heart chamber that pumps blood to the pulmonary trunk left atrium right ventricle right atrium left ventricle

right ventricle

The anatomy of the intrinsic conduction system causes contraction of the ventricles to begin at the apex and move superiorly. Why is this important? because the AV bundle is the only electrical connection between the atria and the ventricles so blood is forced upward, toward the semilunar valves so the atria can finish contracting before the ventricles contract because the Purkinje fibers conduct action potentials away from the heart apex

so blood is forced upward, toward the semilunar valves

The term that means heart contraction is ________. tachycardia fibrillation systole diastole

systole

The average heart beats about ________ times per minute. 75 50 35 105

75

Electrical link(s) between atria and ventricles

AV bundle

Convey(s) the impulse throughout the ventricular walls

Purkinje fibers