The Caribbean
diaspora
economic flight of people with a common heritage across the globe
neocolonialism
economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence
push factor
encourages Emigration (Exit)
pull factor
encourages Immigration (into)
transnational
extending or operating across national boundaries
What problematic storms cause yearly problems in the Caribbean?
hurricanes
Operation Bootstrap
industrialization program that encouraged the establishment of factories and manufacturing in Puerto Rico
circular migration flow
leaves family to work in another country, saves money, returns with money
does the caribbean have a net migration loss or gain?
loss
deforestation result
loss of biodiversity, rain further erodes fertile soil, increasing landslides and flooding, decreasing agricultural yields
African Diaspora
mass dispersion/forced removal of Africans from native areas during the Transatlantic Slave Trade
capital leakage
money leaving islands
remittances
monies sent from migrants abroad aid social and economic development
Rafael Trujillo
mulatto who led an anti-Haitian campaign in the DR based on a policy of hispanidad
chain migration
one family member at a time is brought to new country
What do the French call their Caribbean colonies?
overseas departments
What do the Dutch call their Caribbean colonies?
overseas territories
Perejil
parsley
what are push factors in the Caribbean?
politics, economics, quality of life, environmental issues
mangrove swamp
poor for human settlement; protect islands from erosion
plantation america
production system 1. ruled by European elite 2. dependent on African slave labor 3. produced agricultural exports
Why did the europeans want to stay in the Caribbean?
profit: sugar (rum, spices, gold, tobacco, timber)
enclave
a culturally or ethnically distinct neighborhood
French Creole
a mixture of French, Portuguese, Spanish, English, Taino, and West African languages
what exists between the caribbean and north american plates?
subduction zone
Monroe Doctrine
the US would not tolerate European military involvement in the Western Hemisphere
heat map
a representation of data in the form of a map or diagram in which data values are represented as colors
monocrop
a single commodity
cartogram
a type of map in which the data is distorted and displayed in the form of a diagram to emphasize the prevalence of a variable
transnationalism
ability to straddle livelihoods between countries
isolation
accounts for cultural diversity and limited economic opportunities
Parsley massacre
amid the great depression, 12-35,000 Haitians were identified from pronouncing Perejil and killed in the DR
Lesser Antilles
arc of small islands from greater antilles to south america
transnational migration
back and forth between two countries
How did france affect the Haitian ecosystem?
cleared all but 3% of the tropical and deciduous forests
maroon
community of runaway slaves
France overseas territories
consists of all the french-administered territories outside the European continent, mostly relics of the French colonial empire
what do the British call their Caribbean colonies?
crown colonies
seasonality (Caribbean)
defined by rainfall rather than temperature
climate
determined by 20 years of data from temperature and precipitation
What was the first region of the Americas to be colonized by the Europeans?
the caribbean
brain drain
the loss of educated people to other countries
isolated proximity
theory to explain contradictory position of Caribbean
Hay/Banau-Varilla Treaty
treaty between US and Panama in which US builds, administers, fortifies, and defends the Panama canal
effect of cruise ships
undermines local land-based tourism and encourages capital leakage
Lesser Antilles origin
volcanic
Hispaniola
west: Haiti east: Dominican Republic
Creolization
a blend of African, European, and Amerindian culture
Caribbean Community and Common Market abbreviation
CARICOM
Brazil African Religion
Candomble
proximity
Caribbean's proximity to North America ensures transnational connections and economic dependency
What island is not on the Caribbean plate?
Cuba
Greater Antilles
Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico
What was the most intense tropical cyclone on record to ever hit the Bahamas?
Dorian
what is the official language of Suriname?
Dutch
How many Caribbean countries are in Central America?
1
what were the initial objectives of the Monroe Doctrine?
1. free from European colonial rule 2. foster democracy
Caribbean Community and Common Market
15 Caribbean countries; increase intraregional trade and reduce economic dependence; Bank, University, passports
topical wet
2.4 in/mo rain
How many people died in the 2010 Haiti Earthquake?
250,000
how many countries and territories make up the caribbean
26
How many Caribbean countries are on the mainland of South America?
3
topical savanna
<2.4 in/mo rain; grassland
What labor was essential in the construction of the Panama Canal?
Afro-Creole
What Caribbean colony voted against autonomy?
French Guiana
Devil's Island
French Guiana penal colony where <10% survived their sentence
what country refuses to recognize the independence of Belize?
Guatemala
What Caribbean country brought in indentured workers from India?
Guyana
what is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere?
Haiti
Caribbean dry season
North American winter
Jamaica African Religion
Obeah
Papiamento
Portuguese and Dutch trading language spoken on Aruba, Bonaire and Curacao
hispanidad
Rafael Trujillo's anti-Haitian policy in the DR
Cuba African Religion
Santeria
What Caribbean colony brought in indentured servants from SouthEast Asia?
Suriname
What was the chief sugar colony of the Dutch?
Suriname
where was the largest maroon society in the western hemisphere?
Suriname and French Guyana
brain gain
The opposite of brain drain; opening up new opportunities and bringing business experience and special skills
Haiti African Religion
Voodoo
What signaled an economic shift away from colonial ties?
WTO banana wars: UK could no longer give St. Lucia preferential treatment
