the family ch 1-4 exam 1 in correct order....
ANCESTRY'S RANKING
GERMAN IRISH ENGLISH US ITALIAN
Since the 1950s, family income inequality in the United States has
increased dramatically
homogamy
marriage between two people of the same sex
WHY DO SOCIOLOGISTS CLAIM THAT JOBLESSNESS LED TO AFRICAN AMERICAN TO RETREAT FROM THE INSTITUTION OF MARRIAGE?
Job loss and economic stress increased separation and divorce, rates which have been especially severe among African Americans Joblessness also prevented marriage in the first place, MEN WITHOUT JOBS USUALLY DON'T MAKE ATTRACTIVE MARRIAGE PARTNERS
WEAK TRADITION AS A NUCLEAR FAMILY, SOME SAW BLACK FAMILIES AS __________________ OR FEMALE DOMINATED.
MATRIARCHAL
THE _______________IS A PAINFUL LEGACY WHICH MANY HAVE LEFT BEHIND TO BECOME MORE SUCCESSFUL IN MODERN AMERICAN SOCIETY
MIXED ANCESTRY
______________BARRED CHINESE FROM BECOMING CITIZENS AND BLOCKED NEW IMMIGRATION.
1882: CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT In response to ANTI CHINESE SENTIMENT & WHITE-DOMINANT MOVEMENT Congress passed Chinese Exclusion Act-barring Chinese from becoming citizens and blocking new immigrations
COMGRESS SHUT DOORS TO IMMIGRANTS, PERMITTING ONLY A FEW IMMIGRANTS PER YEAR ACCORDING TO A QUOTA SYSTEM AND COMPLETELY SHUTTING OFF IMMIGRATION TO ASIA
1924: IMMIGRATION ACT
US EXTENDS 'TEMPORARY' WORK PERMITS FOR AGRICULTURAL, MANUAL WORKERS (BRACEROS) AND FULL SCALE IMMIGRATION. IT OPENED ITS DOORS TO MANY FAMILIES EVENTUALLY GETTING PERMANENT US SETTLEMENT FOR
1942-1964: BRACERO PROGRAM
The baby boom refers to births in the United States in which years?
1946-1964
20TH CENTURY LIFTED ALL NUMERICAL RESTRICTIONS ON IMMIGRATION OF SPOUSES. CHILDREN AND PARENTS OF US CITIZENS. ENDED THE COUNTRIES BASE QUOTA SYSTEM
1965: AMENDMENT TO THE IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY ACT
INDIAN AMERICANS MAKE UP ____% OF THE US POPULATION
2
TOOK OVER IMMIGRATION ENFORCEMENT FENCE AND BUILDING AND PATROLS ALONG THE BORDER. UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANTS THAT USED TO TRAVEL BACK AND FOR WERE LIKELY TO ESTABLISH PERMANENT RESIDENCE IN US WITH FAMILIES
2002: HOMELAND SECURITY ACT
NOTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL IMMIGRANTS BE NOTIFIED IF THEIR WOULD-BE SPOUSES HAVE CRIMINAL BACKGROUNDS OT FILED MANY IMMIGRATION PETITIONS. NOT EFFECTIVELY IMPLEMENTED, LEAVING THE " MAIL-TO-ORDER BRIDES" AT RISK OF ABUSE BY AMERICAN SPONSORS.
2005: INTERNATIONAL MARRIAGE BROKER REGULATION ACT
ASIAN IMMIGRANTS ARE MOSTLY PROFESSIONALS, STUDENTS OR THE FAMILY MEMBERS AND BECAUSE SO MANY INCLUDE IMMIGRANTS, ______% SPEAK OTHER THAN ENGLISH
70%
LARGEST TRIBES TODAY FOR AMERICAN INDIANS
CHEROKEE NAVAJO CHOCTAW WHO ARE 40% OF AMERICAN INDIAN POPULATION
AMERICAN INDIANS POPULATION SHRANK TO A TINY FRACTION DUE TO THE FACT OF ?
CONQUEST GENOCIDE OPPRESSION PERPETUAL STRUGGLE
AMERICAN INDIANS PRACTICED INFORMAL SAME SEX MARRIAGE WHICH MEANT THESE MEMBERS FULFILLED COMMONLY PERFORMED ROLES BY MEMBERS OF THE SAME SEX..
CROSS-GENDER ROLE CONSTITUTING IN EFFECT A THIRD-GENDER IDENTITY
According to Cohen, what is the strongest predictor of a person growing up to be poor?
Poverty and family structure in childhood are related and equally strong predictors.
Since the 1970s, what has happened to the education earnings gap?
The gap between college graduates' and high school graduates' earnings has increased.
Since, the 1980s, what is the pattern of names given to baby girls?
There is increasing diversity, with the most common names becoming less prevalent
Since the nineteenth century, what has happened to children?
They lost economic value and gained emotional value.
BECAUSE OF THE RECENT IMMIGRATION AND HIGHER BIRTH RATES LATINOS REMAIN A _______________________________-
VERY YOUNGER GROUP ON AVERAGE, WITH A MEDIAN AGE OF 27.5, WHICH IS 10 YRS YOUNGER THAN THE NATIONAL AVERAGE
ACCELERATION MY BE DISSONANT WHEN:
WHEN CHILDREN DEVELOP ENGLISH ABILITY MORE QUICKLY AND INTEGRATE INTO THE NEW SOCIETY EASIER THAN PARENTS
gender identity:
the identification with the social category boy/man or girl/woman
The most common family income for children in a married couple family is __________, while it is __________ for children with a single mother.
$50,000-$99,999; under $25,000
Which of the following explain why the poor have had a difficult time moving out of poverty? Choose all that apply.
- They tend to be single-parent families (which are usually headed by women). - The value of the federal minimum wage has declined significantly over the last 40 years.
DIRECT AND INDIRECT REASONS THAT PREVENTED AFRICAN AMERICAN FAMILIES FROM EXERCISING FAMILY CHOICES WERE?
-DISCRIMINATION -POVERTY -UNEMPLOYMENT -HIGH MORTALITY -SEGREGATION
THE SELF-IDENTIFYING AMERICAN INDIANS AND ANOTHER RACE ARE DOING BETTER IN SOMEWAYS THAN THOSE WHO ARE ONLY AMERICAN INDIAN BY____________________________,________________________,__________________________.
-HIGHER RATES OF EDUCATION -LOWER RATES OF POVERTY -FEWER CHILDREN BORN TO UNMARRED WOMEN
THE MAIN FACTOR BEHIND THE US POPULATION CHANGE?
-IMMIGRATION-(ESPECIALLY LATIN AMERICAN AND ASIA) -HIGH BIRTH RATES AMONG IMMIGRANTS -THEIR CHILDREN ARE AMONG THE MORE SETTLED GROUPS IN THE POPULATION
AMERICAN INDIAN SOCIETIES STRESSED THE______________________,_____________________________,___________________________.
-VALUE OF COOPERATION OVER COMPETITION -WELL-BEING OF THE COLLECTIVE OVER THAT OF AN INDIVIDUAL -SPIRITUAL ORIENTATION
PERSONAL OUTLOOK THAT PUTS FAMILY OBLIGATIONS FIRST, BEFORE INDIVIDUAL WELL-BEING, IS CALLED_________.
Familism
What happened to the poverty rate in the 2000s?
It increased dramatically
AVERAGE CHILDREN FOR WOMEN IN ETHNIC GROUPS
LATINOS 2.4 BLACK 2.0 NON HISPANIC WHITES 1.7 ASIAN 1.4 AMERICAN INDIANS
THE 1967 SUPREME COURT CASE LOVING VS VIRGINIA DECLARED _____________ UNCONDITIONAL?
LAWS AGAINST INTERRACIAL MARRIAGE
MOST PEOPLE END UP MARRYING SOMEONE WHO:
LIVES, WORKS, GOES TO SCHOOL NEAR THEM GIVEN THE PERSISTENCE OF RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION, MANY PEOPLE DON'T HAVE THE REASONABLE OPPORTUNITY TO MARRY OTHER RACES.....ESPECIALLY TRUE FOR WHITES
ACCORDING TO THE US CENSUS, THE GREATEST POPULATION GROWTH CAN BE FOUND WITHIN WHICH MINORITY GROUP?
Latinos
HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG THE AMERICAN INDIANS MOSTLY FROM POVERTY AND SOCIAL ISOLATION WERE?
OBESITY AND DIABETES ALCOHOLISM & RELATED MALADIES HIGH RATES OF ACCIDENTAL OR VIOLENT DEATHS INCLUDING SUICIDE
ACCELERATION MAYBE CONSTANT WHEN:
PARENTS AND CHILDREN TOGETHER GRADUALLY TRANSITION AWAY FROM THEIR HOME CULTLURE LANGUAGE
AFRICANS AMERICANS HAVE THE HIGHEST ________________RATE OF ANY MAJOR RACIAL-ETHNIC GROUP AND 2/3'S OF BLACK CHILDREN ARE BORN TO MOTHERS WHO ARE NOT MARRIED WHICH IS THE HIGHEST PROPORTION OF ANY GROUP.
POVERTY
Archeological findings in central Europe indicate which of the following about families?
Diverse family arrangements, and not only the nuclear family, were recognized by the villagers.
4. WHAT WAS THE ONE-DROP RULE? DOES IT IMPACT OUR SOCIETY TODAY?
During slavery, ANYONE who has ANY identifiable African Ancestry, was considered Black in the eyes of both LAW and WHITE SOCIETY. This was called "ONE-DROP" RULE, referring to one drop of African blood. (also known as HYPODESCENT)
_______________ ________________KEPT THE "TRADITIONAL" OUT OF REACH FOR MANY AFRICAN AMERICANS
ECONOMIC HARDSHIP
THE DEINDUSTERALIZATION
ECONOMY SHIFTED FROM PRODUCTION OF GOODS TO THE PROVISION OF SERVICES
_________ADDS A LAYER OF COMPLEXITY AND MAKES IT HARDER TO IDENTIFY ONES DOMINATE FAMILY TYPE
ETHNIC DIVERSITY
LATINOS ARE THOUGHT OF AN _________ BECAUSE OF SHARED CULTURAL HERITAGE.
ETHNICITY
TEENAGE CHILDBEARING IS COMMON WITH TE AMERICAN INDIANS AND UNMARRIED MOTHERS OFTEN GOT SUPPORT FROM__________________.
EXTENDED FAMILY NETWORKS
MARRIAGE AND REPRODUCTION WITHIN A DISTINCT GROUP IS CALLED__________
Endogamy
WHICH RACIAL-ETHNIC GROUP IS MOST LIKELY TO HAVE GRANDPARENTS LIVING WITH GRANDCHILDREN?
SINGLE MOTHERS, INCARCERATED PARENTS, JOBLESSNESS, AND HEALTH PROBLEMS ALL POSE CHALLENGES FOR CHILD REARING. In response, black grandparents are more likely to live with their grandchildren THAN are the grandparents of ANY OTHER RACIAL-ETHNIC GROUP EXTENDED HOUSEHOLDS ARE A HISTORICAL CONTINUATION
BLACK FAMILIES WERE SHAPED BY_____________,__________________,________________ MORE THAN CULTURAL TRADITIONS.
SLAVERY DISCRIMINATION POVERTY
THE LEVEL OF ACCEPTANCE THAT MEMBERS OF ONE GROUP HAVE TOWARD THOSE OF ANOTHER
SOCIAL DISTANCE
_________________________FORCED MANY AMERICAN INDIAN CHILDREN INTO BOARDING SCHOOLS OR PLACED IN WHITE FOSTER FAMILIES AND STILL 3 TIMES LIKELY TODAY.
SOCIAL WELFARE AUTHORITIES
BLACK FAMILY RESILIENCE AS A REOCCURING THEME THEME IN THE ___________________ AND __________________ MAINTAINED A POWERFUL PRESENCE IN THE FAMILY LIFE IN MODERN TIMES.
STRUGGLE FOR FREEDOM SURVIVAL
HE SIMPLE RESPONSE TO THE MULTIPLE RACE OPTIONS SHOWS THE _____________ OF A GOVERNMENT CATEGORY TO ALTER SUCH INTIMATE OF INDIVIDUALS LIVES AS THEIR ___________
SYMBOLIC POWER RACIAL IDENTITY
3. ______________IS AN IMPORTANT MODERN PRINCIPLE USED IN ALMOST ALL DATA COLLECTION ABOUT RACE AND ETHNICITY.
Self-Identification PG 75
2. WHICH BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC IS MOST IMPORTANT WHEN DEFINING RACE?
Skin Color-most important biologically PG 74
THE TEXT STATES THAT_______AND _______HAVE FRAMED MUCH OF THE RESEARCH ON THE BLACK FAMILY LIFE AND FAMILY STRUCTURE?
Struggle for freedom AND Survival
AMERICAN INDIANS GRANDPARENTS ARE MORE LIKELY TO BE INVOLVED WITH?
TAKING CARE FOR THEIR GRANDCHILDREN
ONE OF THE OPTION TO CHOOSE MORE THAN ONE RACE?
THE WEAKENING OF THE INFORMAL RULE OF THE "ONE DROP RULE" IDENTIFICATION OF AMERICANS. RATHER THAN IDENTIFYING CHILDREN OF ANY BLACK PERSON AS BLACK, AND INCREASING NUMBER ARE IDENTIFYING CHILDREN AS BOTH
ACCORDING TO THE TEXT_______OF LATINOS SPEAK SPANISH AT HOME.
THREE QUARTERS
WHY IS IT DIFFICULT TO IDENTIFY "TRADITIONAL" AMERICAN INDIAN FAMILY PRACTICES? .
The mass destruction from US Government though of their traditional ways of life has radically transformed to the point they have become difficult to identify what "Traditional" practice is
8. AN ETHNICITY IS A GROUP OF PEOPLE WITH A COMMON CULTURAL IDENTIFICATION, BASED ON COMBINATION OF LANGUAGE, RELIGION, ANCESTRAL ORIGIN, OR__________________.
Traditional Practices
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF EXOGAMY
White marrying black, Chinese marrying white etc.
WHICH GROUP IS GRADUALLY LOSING ITS DOMINANT NUMERICAL STATUS IN PROPORTION TO OTHER RACIAL-ETHNIC GROUPS?
White population
ACCORDING TO STATISTICS, WHAT IS THE LARGEST RACIAL GROUP IN THE UNITED STATES?
Whites
DESPITE A REMARKABLE LOOSING OF THE BOUNDARIES IN THE UNITED STATES, MOST PEOPLE STILL LIVE, MARRY, REPRODUCE AND RAISE CHILDREN PRIMARILY _______THEIR OWN RACIAL ETHNIC GROUP.
Within
_________IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF THE AVERAGE LATINO FAMILY IN THE UNITED STATES?
YOUNGER AVERAGE AGE, MORE CHILDREN PER FAMILY, AND EXTENDED HOUSEHOLDS ALL MAKE THE AVERAGE LATINO FAMILY LARGER THAN OF ANY OTHER MAJOR GROUP
intersex
a condition in which a person chromosomal composition does not correspond with his or her sexual anatomy at brith, or the anatomy is not clearly male o female
Patriarchal
a family system where power is wielded by men within the family
Matriarchal
a family system where power is wielded by women within the family
Patrilineal
a family system where wealth and power are transmitted from fathers to sons
Matrilineal
a family system where wealth and power are transmitted from mothers to daughters
Legal Family
a group of individuals related by birth, marriage, or adoption
ethnicity
a group of pole with a common cultural identification, based on a common language, religion, ancestral origin, or traditional practices
Household
a group of popped that lives and at separately from other groups
Which of the following demonstrates the increased likelihood that adults will spend more of their lives outside marriage than in the past?
a higher percentage of adults living with no relatives
Matrilocal
a living arrangement in which a young married couple lives in or near the wife's family home
Patrilocal
a local living arrangement in which a young married couple live in or near the husbands family home
polygamy
a marriage in which one person has several spouses
Conjugal family
a nuclear family that is functional independent of extended family members
Census
a periodic count of people in a population and their characteristics, usually performed as an official government function
A group of people who share common interests and experiences a similar level of education, and a comparable income level can be referred to as
a social class.
institutional arena
a social space in which relations between people in common positions are governed by accepted rules of interaction
transgender
a term to describe individuals who gender identity does not match their assigned sex
Christian traditions that included monogamous marriage and required a woman to be faithful to her husband and a man to economically support his wife and children were written in secular laws that enforced "monogamous morality." Which of these are examples? Choose all that apply.
a. Comstock Act b. Dawes Act
1. WHY, ACCORDING TO THE TEXT, DOES THE US CENSUS BUREAU, THE GOVERNMENTS MAIN STATISTICAL AGENCY, COLLECT DATA ABOUT RACIAL CATEGORIES?
a. U.S. Census, Governments main statistical agency, the racial categories they measure are "NOT TO ATTEMPT TO DEFINE RACE BIOLOGICALLY, ANTHROPOLOGICALLY OR GENETICALLY", but rather "REFLECT A SOCIAL DEFINITION OF RACE RECOGNIZED IN THE COUNTRY' PG 75
breadwinner-homemaker family (broad prospective)
an employed father, a non employed mother, and their child
companionships family
an ideal type of family characterized by the mutual affection, equality, and comradeship of its members
While the nuclear family with the breadwinner husband-father, homemaker wife-mother is often referred to as the traditional family, it was not a reality for all families or for very long. Instead, the 1950s (when this ideal was most dominant) were highly unusual due to a combination of which of the following? Choose all that apply.
b. People who were children during the Great Depression were now experiencing a booming economy as young adults c. The decline of birthrates in the first half of the twentieth century and loss of life in World War II combined with a strong economy and resulted in higher wages
social class categories in the US
capitalist and corporate managerial class (upper) middle working lower
According to the text, what had a significant impact on the emergence of the dating system in the early to mid-twentieth century?
cars
Match the era to the ideal childhood. Children played economic roles and the "idea" of childhood did not exist.
colonial america
Indicate which family ideal is illustrated by each description. Amy and Sarah are married and work hard to prioritize their relationship and support each other's goals and dreams.
companionship family
Indicate which family ideal is illustrated by each description. Elaine and Alex both work outside the home and share the home and child care as equally as they can.
companionship family
Indicate which family ideal is illustrated by each description. Jorge and Sandra enjoy many similar interests, and their children make every effort to return to the family home to enjoy large gatherings and celebrations
companionship family
Indicate which family ideal is illustrated by each description. Lorna and Martin are married and live with their biological and adopted children.
companionship family
Indicate which family ideal is illustrated by each description. Sylvia and Leonard had quite different childhoods, but they fell in love and married without consulting their parents.
companionship family
Elizabeth takes piano lessons, plays on a travel soccer team, attends after-school tutoring sessions, goes to science camp, and is encouraged by her parents to question teachers, doctors, and other adults in positions of authority. Elizabeth's college-educated professional parents engage in a style of parenting called
concerted cultivation.
Match the era to the ideal childhood. Children were considered to be blank slates of innocence.
emerging modern childhood
Families
groups of related people, bound by connections that are biological, legal, or emotional
The presence of these appliances __________ the average number of hours per week that nonemployed women spent on household tasks.
had little effect on
Beth and Kathryn were married in Massachusetts. If we wish to distinguish the characteristics of different types of married couples, we could refer to this marriage between two people of the same gender as
homogamy
We can argue that elevating marriage to the status of a true love relationship, instead of a relationship based on tradition and economic necessity, might contribute to a(n) __________ acceptance of divorce.
increased
Industrialization and the ideology of separate spheres __________ economic equality between husbands and wives, and __________ advantage grew.
increased; husbands'
What contributed to the decline of courtship in the process of mate selection?
increasing freedom for young adults
According to the textbook, the decline of the name Mary in the United States represents the rising trend of what attitude?
individualism
Gini Index
is a good tool to compare rates of income inequality and stratification over time
The official poverty line (threshold)
is based on the cost of a government-determined "economy food plan" times three.
4 main trends:
longer lifespan fewer children family members perform fewer functional tasks at home more diverse families
Alyssa was born to a young single mother and grew up in a poor rural area with low-quality schools. According to the sociological concept of life chances, she has a __________ of becoming rich because __________.
low chance; the practical chance of doing so is small
Children growing up with a single parent face particular challenges to social mobility. These include
lower incomes, less time with parents, and less access to social capital
When they were instituted in the early twentieth century, programs like Social Security and Aid to Dependent Children promoted marriage by
making women who were never married or who divorced ineligible.
According to your textbook, which pattern would show a society with a big division between social classes?
many family ties within each class and few ties between classes
During the 1960s and after, __________ increased the independence of middle class and more educated women, while __________ increased the independence of poor women.
market forces; state forces
exogamy
marriage and reproduction outside ones group
Heterogamy
marriage between a man and women
intermarriage
marriage between different racial/ethnic groups
Growing family diversity has come from which type of household becoming less common?
married couple
Children who live with __________ are concentrated in higher-income families, while children who live with __________ are concentrated in lower-income families.
married parents; a single parent
Under the ideology of separate spheres, what two things were separated?
men at work and women at home
Match the era to the ideal childhood. There were less parental authority and closer parent-child relationships.
modern
A society's Gini Index has shifted from 0.57 to 0.34. This means that
more families share a larger proportion of the income.
To say that the shift to market work contributed to women's independence within their families as well as from their families is to say that
more women had less work to do within the home, and because they had their own income, they were freer to live outside of a marriage relationship.
Children whose parents are college educated are __________ likely to have Internet access at home and to spend __________ time watching television than those whose parents have a high school diploma or less.
more; less
androgynous
neither exclusively masculine nor exclusively feminine
Functionalist theories argue that since social inequality exists in all societies, it
serves an essential purpose.
Elizabeth graduated from Princeton, as did her father. Her sister and brother graduated from Yale like their mother. After graduation, Elizabeth was able to use her __________ to help her get several interviews and ultimately her dream job.
social capital
Jennifer's father was a lower-level manager of a department store. Jennifer was able to go to college and get her master's degree in business administration, and now she is a district manager overseeing all department stores that operate on the West Coast. This is an example of
social mobility
conflict
society is a set of groups competing for power and resources
Structural functionalism
society is an organic whole of stable parts
symbolic interactionism
society is the sum of daily interactions guided by symbols a theory concerned with the ability of humans to see themselves through the yes of others and to enact social roles based on others' expectations
The dominant sociological consensus theory (broad prospective) is ______ functionalism, with its basis in the work of Emile Durkheim
structural
Social Capital
the access to resources people have by virtue of relationships and connections within social network
acculturation
the acquisition of a new culture and language
Family wage:
the amount necessary for a male earner to provide subsistence for his wife and children without having them work for pay
class identity
the awareness of, and sense of belonging to, a specific social class
The fact that American Indians, Latinos, and African Americans are about three times more likely to be poor than whites is evidence of
the concentration of poverty by race-ethnicity
endogamy
the custom of only marrying within the local limits of a community, clan, or tribe marriage and reproduction within a distinct group
Exchange theory
the theory that individuals or groups with different resources, strengths, and weaknesses enter into mutual relationships to maximize their own gains
Conflict (broad prospective)
the view that opposition and conflict define a given society and are necessary for social evolution
A reporter is writing an article about social mobility in the United States. As a sociologist, you advise her that
there is little substantial upward social mobility.
IN SOCIOLOGY, A GROUP THAT OCCUPIES A SUBORDINATE STATUS IN SOCIETY IS CALLED?
Minority group
7. THE MOST IMPORTANT RECENT CHANGE IN HOW THE US CENSUS MEASURES RACE IS THE__________.
Most important change: option to check more than one race- was a response to growing presence of interracial couples who resisted to choose 1 category for their children. Also aimed at the millions of immigrants (mostly Latin Amer. & Asia)
From 1638 to the end of the trans-Atlantic slave trade in 1807, the marriages of enslaved Africans were not legally recognized and children were the property of the slave owner. In this context:
Most slaves married and most children lived with both parents
THE GREAT MIGRATION
BLACK FAMILIES AND WORKERS LEFT THE SOUTH BETWEEN WWI AND 1950'S DUE TO SOUTHERN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY
WHY DO SO MANY SOCIOLOGIST CRITICIZE THE MOYNIHAN REPORT?
Because they appeared to be just "blaming the victim" because of racist stereotypes and in response a different story came to dominate the research, one that stressed the strength and resourcefulness of Black Families.
Pallavi's parents are professionals, as are their siblings and most of their friends. They are able to draw on their social networks to help Pallavi achieve her goals. This is an example of
Bourdieu's social capital
The lower age of marriage in the 1950s and the growing economy pushed employers to change their policy of hiring
women only if they were single.
Historically, sociologists studied social mobility by comparing fathers' occupations to their sons'. Using the information in the Social Mobility table (Table 4.1), match the father's occupation with the occupation sons are most likely to hold. 1. upper professional 2. lower professional/clerical 3. self-employed 4. technical and skilled 5. unskilled and service
upper professional lower professional/clerical self-employed technical and skilled unskilled and service
According to Cohen's book, "family wage" refers to the:
wage necessary for a male earner to provide for his wife and children
9. WHAT ARE THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ETHNICITY AND RACE?
-Race and Ethnicity are both: SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED -One important DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ETHNICITY AND RACE: The sometimes voluntary nature of ethnic identity: Ethnicity can change over a person's lifetime
TENS OF THOUSANDS OF MILITARY MARRIED IN EUROPE, ASIA AND KOREA DURING WWII, THIS PERMITTED THE IMMIGRATION WIVES AND CHILDREN AND EXTENDED FAMILIES TO COME OVER
1845: WAR BRIDES ACT
Of families in the following groups, which is most likely to be poor?
American Indian
In Europe prior to the formation of the United States, what was the principal role of marriage?
A system of property and labor cooperation
35. WHAT IS SOCIAL DISTANCE? HOW DOES IT HELP SOCIAL SCIENTISTS UNDERSTAND RACE AND ETHNIC RELATIONS?
A. The level of acceptance that members of one group have toward those of another B. Sociologists believe that intermarriage is itself a good measure of social distance, because it shows the breakdowns—or lack of—of society's most rigid taboos
DEFINE ASSIMILATION:
A. the gradual reduction of ethnic distinction between immigrants and the mainstream society. B. New groups blend into American society to varying degrees through a process called ASSIMILATION
IMMIGRANTS AND THEIR CHILDREN LEARN THE WAYS OF THEIR NEW HOMELAND THROUGH
ACCULTURATION
THE ACQUISITION ON A NEW CULTURE AND LANGUAGE
ACCULTURATION
WHICH MINORITY GROUP IS LEAST LIKELY TO MARRY OUTSIDE ITS OWN RACE?
AFRICAN AMERICANS
CONSIDERED MINORITY GROUP
AFRICAN AMERICANS, AMERICAN INDIANS, LATINOS AND ASIAN AMERICANS
GENERATIONAL CHANGE IS EVIDENT AMONG LATINO IMMIGRANTS ON SUCH FAMILY KEY INDICATORS AS:
AGE IN MARRIAGE NUMBERS OF CHILDREN OVERALL FAMILY SIZE
________-AND ______ARE MORE LIKELY TO MARRY OUTSIDE THEIR SPECIFIC NATIONAL-ORIGIN GROUP THAN THEY ARE TO MARRY OUTSIDE THE LARGER RACIAL-ETHNIC GROUP
ASIAN AND LATINOS
THE GRADUAL REDUCTION OF ETHNIC DISTINCTION BETWEEN IMMIGRANTS AND THE MAINSTREAM SOCIETY -NEW GROUPS BLENDING IN AMERICAN SOCIETY TO VARYING DEGREES-
ASSIMILATION BUT IS ONLY SUCCESSFUL WHEN THE HOST SOCIETY ACCEPTS THE GROUP AGE HAS A MAJOR IMPACT
ASIAN AMERICANS TEND TO BE MORE ___________________IN PARENT STYLES
AUTHORITARIAN
MARRIAGE AND REPRODUCTION OUTSIDE ONES DISTINCT GROUP IS CALLED___________.
Exogamy
FAMILIES OF SLAVES WERE MORE_____________________AND LESS___________________ THAN THOSE OF OTHER GROUPS.
FLUID STABLE
WHEN JULIO AND HIS FAMILY MOVED TO NYC FROM DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, HE WENT TO AN ENGLISH SCHOOL. HOWEVER, HE CONTINUED TO SPEAK SPANISH AT HIS HOME. THIS IS AN EXAMPLE OF________________.
For Families that ACCULTURATION maybe CONSONANT, when parents and children together gradually transition away from their home culture language or it may DISSONANT, when children develop English ability more quickly and integrate into the new society easier than their parent
THREE LARGE ASIAN AMERICAN GROUPS HAVE_______________________, _______________________________, _________________________THAN US AR LARGE.
HIGHER EDUCATION LEVELS LOWER LEVELS OF UNMARRIED CHILDBEARING, AND LOWER POVERTY RATES
______________HAS IMPACTED BLACK FAMILIES AND CHILDREN, USUALLY 1 IN 4 CHILDREN EXPERIENCE AT LEAST ONE PARENT FROM THIS IN 1990
INCARCERATION
MARRIAGE BETWEEN MEMBERS OF DIFFERENT RACIAL OR ETHNIC GROUPS
INTERMARRIAGE US STIFFEST BARRIER IS BETWEEN WHITES AND BLACKS
RESEARCHERS HAVE DISCOVERED, WHITES OFTEN DON'T_________THEMSELVES AS MEMBERS OF ANY RACIAL OR ETHNIC GROUP
Identify
_____________IS A STEREOTYPE OF ASIAN AMERICANS AS SUCCESSFUL STUDENTS.
MODEL MINORITY
THE US CENSUS IDENTIFY S MIXED INDIVIDUALS AS______?
MULLATO
ASIANS ARE LIKELY TO LIVE IN _______________________HOUSEHOLDS.
MULTIGERERATIONAL
MOST LATINO FAMILIES IN THE UNITED STATES ARE OF WHAT ORIGIN?
Mexican
BOTH LATINOS AND AFRICAN AMERICANS FIT THE COMBINED CONCEPTS OF A ____________________?
RACIALIZED ETHNIC GROUP OR RACIAL ETHNICITY
RATHER THAN ADOPT TH "BLAME THE VICTIM" APPROACH, SCHOLARS SAW BLACK FAMILIES AS __________________ AND __________________ IN THE VIEW THAT BLACK FAMILIES MAY HAVE BEEN MORE 'MOTHER-CENTERED', OR ________________________ THAN "WHITE FAMILIES".
RESILIENT AND ADAPTIVE MATRIFOCAL
THE RAPID GROWTH OF AMERICAN INDIAN POPULATION OVER THE LAST CENTURY—AND THE LAST 50 YRS IN PARTICULAR—MOSTLY DUE__________________________.
Raid growth due to: Greater desire and willingness, of those with mixed ancestry to express that identit
In colonial America, Christian doctrine supported the legal concept of coverture, and wives
did not have a legal existence, but were incorporated into their husband's citizenship.
Kai and his family live in a small town in Minnesota and Amelia and her family live in Boston. According to the federal poverty line, both families are poor. However, the poverty line __________, making things even more difficult for Amelia's family in such an expensive city.
does not consider geographical differences in cost of living
extended families
family households in which relatives beyond parents and children live together
sex
ones biological category, male or female, based on anatomy and physiology
gender expression
ones pattern of outward behavior in relation to common standards of a gender category
Indicate which family ideal is illustrated by each description. Anne's parents chose John as a suitable spouse for her because his family's resources would help them maintain their property.
patriarchal family
Indicate which family ideal is illustrated by each description. Charlie makes all significant decisions in his family and expects his wife to care for the home and children
patriarchal family
Indicate which family ideal is illustrated by each description. Juan was viewed as the leader of the family and the respect his family held for him held the family together through difficult times.
patriarchal family
Indicate which family ideal is illustrated by each description. Natasha and Jordan felt a sense of duty to fulfill the expectations of their parents.
patriarchal family
Indicate which family ideal is illustrated by each description. Sunniva and Karl live with their children, Sunniva's parents, and her younger sister.
patriarchal family
6. A RACE IS A GROUP OF PEOPLE BELIEVED TO SHARE COMMON DECENT, BASED ON ___________.
perceived innate physical similarities.
sexual dimorphism
physical differences between the sexes
In her research on social class and parenting, Annette Lareau found that poor and working-class parents engaged in a style of parenting she called the accomplishment of natural growth. These parents believed their children's success would be the natural outcome of a childhood spent
playing informally and hanging out in mixed-age groups of friends and family.
AN ETHNIC GROUP PERCIEVED TO SHARE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
racial ethnicity
assimilation
the gradual reduction of ethnic distinction between immigrant and the mainstream society
social distance
the level of acceptance that members of one group have toward members of another group
monogamy
the marriage of one person to another person
Personal Family
the people to whom we feel related an who we expect to define us as members of their family as welll
life chances
the practical opportunity to achieve desired material conditions and personal experiences
Socialization:
the process by which individuals internalize elements of the social structure in their own personalities (boys learn to be boys)
socialization
the process by which individuals internalize elements of the social structure, making those elements part of their own personality
According to your textbook, what is exploitation?
the process by which the labor of some produces wealth for others
sexual identity
the recognition, or internalization, of a biological sex category
gender
the social realization of biological sex
marriage market
the social space in which people search for potential marriage partners
Genealogy
the study of ancestry and family history
Life course perspective:
the study of the family trajectories of individuals and group as they progress through their lives, in social and historical context
Family type of interaction: organizational units: individual roles:
type of interaction: intimacy, childbearing and socialization, and caring work organizational units: families individual roles: family members
Market type of interaction: organizational units: individual roles:
type of interaction: labor, exchange, and wealth accumulation organizational units: companies individual roles: workers, owners, and consumers
State type of interaction: organizational units: individual roles:
type of interaction: law, violence, and welfare organizational units: legislatures and agencies Individual roles: citizens
Nuclear Family
when a married coupe live with their own biological children and no extended family members