the fetal genitourinary system PRACTICE QUIZ

the keyhole sign describes the sonographic findings of a(n) a. enlarged bladder and dilated urethra b. bilateral renal agenesis c. unilateral renal agenesis d. dilation of the renal pelvis and proximal ureter

a

the most common location of an ectopic kidney is within the: a. lower abdomen b. pelvis c. chest d. contralateral quadrant

b

the renal cystic disease that results in the development of cysts late in adulthood is: a. multicystic dysplastic renal disease b. autosomal dominant polycystic disease c. autosomal recessive polycystic disease d. obstructive cystic dysplasia

b

what is the most common cause of hydronephrosis in the neonate and the most common form of fetal renal obstruction a. UVJ obstruction b. UPJ obstruction c. vesicoureteral reflux d. urethral atresia

b

cloacal exstrophy is associated with all of the following except: a. omphalocele b. spina bifida c. encephalocele d. imperforate anus

c

the "keyhole" sign would be seen in all of the following situations except: a. urethral atresia b. prune belly syndrome c. autosomal dominant polycystic renal disease d. posterior urethral valves

c

OEIS complex is also referred to as: a. bladder exstrophy b. omphalocele c. potter syndrome d. cloacal exstrophy

d

during an 18-week sonogram, multiple cysts of varying sizes are noted within the renal fossa of a male fetus. The other kidney appears to be normal. Which of the following would be an associated finding? a. megacystitis b. ovarian dysgenesis c. hypospadias d. normal amniotic fluid level

d

obstruction at the level of the UPJ would lead dilation of the: a. renal pelvis and bladder b. bladder and ureter c. ureter and renal pelvis d. renal pelvis and calices

d

the "lying down" adrenal sign would be seen in all of the following situations except: a. unilateral renal agenesis b. bilateral renal agenesis c. potter syndrome d. pyelectesis

d

the most common malignant adrenal pediatric tumor is the: a. nephroblastoma b. pheochromocytoma c. hepatoblastoma d. neuroblastoma

d

what is the most common fetal abnormality noted during an obstetric sonogram? a. anencaphaly b. spina bifida c. cleft lip d. hydronephrosis

d

what is the term for enlargement of the urinary bladder a. posterior urethral valves b. urethral atresia c. prune belly syndrome d. megacystis

d

what measurement should the renal pelvis not exceed prior to 20 weeks gestation a. 2 mm b. 10 mm c. 7 mm d. 1.2 cm

c

having more than the normal number of digits is: a. polydactyly b. clinodactyly c. multidigitopia d. sirenomelia

a

prune belly syndrome is caused by: a. an enlarged bladder b. unilateral renal agenesis c. bilateral renal agenesis d. hypospadias

a

the " I'in OEIS complex stands for: a. imperforate anus b. Ilial dysfunction c. irregular bladder enlargement d. iniencephaly

a

the syndrome associated with an occipital cephalocele, cystic renal disease, and polydactyly is: a. meckel-gruber syndrome b. potter syndrome c. VACTERL association d. sirenomelia syndrome

a

which of the following would be the most likely cause of bilateral, enlarged echogenic fetal kidneys and oligohydramnios a. ARPKD b. MCKD c. renal cystic dysplasia d. ADPKD

a

which of the following would cause a bladder outlet obstruction a. posterior urethral valves b. fetal ovarian cyst c. pelviectasis d. pelvocaliectasis

a

which of the following would result in compensatory hypertrophy a. unilateral renal agenesis b. bilateral renal agenesis c. pelvic kidney d. horseshoe kidneys

a

Before 9 weeks, the fetal kidneys are located within the: a. renal fossae b. pelvis c. chest d. umbilical cord

b

all of the following would be associated with oligohydramnios except: a. bilateral MCDK disease b. unilateral renal agenesis c. bilateral renal agenesis d. ARPKD

b

fusion of the lower poles of the kidneys describes a. renal agenesis b. horseshoe kidneys c. moiety d. meckel-gruber syndrome

b

the lying down adrenal sign describes the sonographic findings of: a. enlarged bladder and urethra b. renal agenesis c. MCDK disease d. posterior urethral valves

b

Numerous noncommunicating anechoic masses are noted within the left renal fossa of a fetus at 20 weeks gestation. What is the most likely etiology of these masses? a. ARPKD b. ADPKD c. MCDK disease d. hydronephrosis

c

The type of renal cystic disease associated with adult liver and pancreatic cysts is a. MCDK b. ARPKD c. ADPKD d. VATER

c

another name for pelvocaliectasis is: a. caliectasis b. hydrocele c. hydronephrosis d. pyonephrosis

c

bladder exstrophy describes a. absence of the cloaca b. protrusion of the bladder into the umbilicus c. external position of the bladder d. enlargement of the bladder

c

cryptochidism describes a. bilateral pelvic kidneys b. urethral atresia c. undescended testicles d. ovarian dysgenesis

c

failure of the kidneys to form is called: a. hydronephrosis b. renal dysplasia c. renal agenesis d. renal ectopia

c

fluid surrounding the fetal testicle is referred to as: a. hydroureter b. hydronephrosis c. hydrocele d. hydroscrotum

c

pyelectasis refers to a. enlargement of the urinary bladder, ureter and renal calices b. dilation of the ureter c. dilation of the renal pelvis d. enlargement of the ureter only

c

what is the most common fetal renal tumor? a. neuroblastoma b. nephroblastoma c. mesoblastic nephroma d. wilms tumor

c

an obstruction at the ureterovesicular junction would lead to dilation of the: a. bladder and urethra b. bladder, urethra, and ureters c. bladder, urethra, ureters, and renal collecting system d. ureter and renal collecting system

d

the birth defect in which the sex of the fetus cannot be determined defines: a. renal agenesis b. ovarian dysgenesis c. clitorimegaly d. ambiguous genitalia

d

which of the following best describes hypospadias a. OEIS complex in the presence of a hydrocele b. the chronic obstruction of the renal pelvis and urethra c. the underdevelopment of the scrotum in the presence of a hydrocele d. an abnormal ventral curvature of the penis

d

which of the following is associated with enlarged echogenic kidneys and microscopic renal cysts a. MCDK disease b. obstructive cystic dysplasia c. hydronephrotic syndrome d. ARPKD

d

which of the following is not a component of prune belly syndrome a. megacystis b. undescended testis c. dilated urinary bladder and urethra d. abdominal muscle hypertrophy

d

which of the following is the most common renal anomaly a. horseshoe kidneys b. pelvic kidneys c. renal agenesis d. duplex collecting system

d