The Maya, Aztec, and Inca empires
1440
Wars rage between Mayan leaders.
Where were the Incas located
Western coast of South America mainly in Peru; dry plains, Andes Mountains, plateaus, and jungle
Who is "He who sees everything
a tax collector and a match maker
What part of science was important to them
astronomy; sun shone directly on the most important part of temples
What is a Solar Calender
based on sun. it had 18 months
What is the legend of the five Suns
four previous universes had been created and destroyed, so to keep there gods happy they offered human sacrifice to keep the Sun god happy. The most important part of the sacrifice was the heart.
Who are the Aztecs
grew strong and wealthy by conquering others
What was their life like
king- Sapa Inca also known as the son of the Sun god. Tribes were mainly farmers, potatoes were an important crop. Guinea pigs were food, alpacas for wool, llamas were used for pack animals, wool, hide, waste, and meat.
What was the great temple
largest temple in the city; surrounded by smaller temples and they were dedicated to god. They also had a display for human heads.
What is Pok-ta-Pok
like basketball; the first to score wins; losers were sacrificed. A game where the good was against the evil
Where were the Aztecs located
originally nomadic, traveled around Mexico; built Tenochtitlan on a lake island
1000 BCE
pre-classic period begins
What was the Mayan religion like
the largest buildings were temples. They consulted gods before making decisions offered human sacrifices
What did the Mayas develop
they developed the concept of zero and number symbols.
Where were the Maya located
In the Yucatan Peninsula; Guatemala and Honduras
1527
Incan civil war breaks out
1438
Incan empire begins and steadily expands
1200
Incas settle the Valley of Cuzco and begin to conquer neighboring people
What is Machu Picchu
It is mountain fortress
What was Aztecs society like
It was ruled by priests and soldiers. They were born into classes such as if your dad was a noble, you would be a noble to.
1428
Itzocoatl becomes Aztec emperor, under his rule Aztecs become the main power
600 B.C.E
The Mayas begin building large pyramids
1532
The Spanish explorer Francisco Pizarro arrives in Peru and begins conquest of the Incas
1572
The Spanish kill the last Incan emperor, ending the empire
1527
The Spanish their conquest of Mayas.
What happened to the Mayas
Theories: No one really knows. 1. Natural disaster (Earthquake). 2. Disease 3. Civil War 4. Famine 5. Invaders
What was their empire like
They conquered other, but did not sacrifice all and let them live their life the Inca way.
What about a written language
They had none! Quipu - record keeping Messengers had to memorize messages and run long distances quickly.
What did they trade
They were the first ones to trade chocolate
3114 B.C.E.
This date marks the beginning of the Mayan calender
Who is Hernan Cortes
A Spanish explorer. Support from those conquered by the Aztec was welcomed by Montezuma II. Montezuma was taken hostage, war broke out Spanish fled, but hundreds killed. Attached again in 1521 and finally won.
What is Tenochtitlan
A city built on a island with three causeways to the mainland. They also had floating gardens.
what is a city-state
A city with it's own ruling government
hieroglyphs
A picture or symbol used to describe a idea, object, syllable, or a sound
What is a Popol Vuh
A sacred book that explained how things were formed
What other empire is during the same time as Inca
Aztecs
1200
Aztecs enter the Valley of Mexico
What were they known for building
Bridges; one was in service from 1350-1890
how about schools
Sons of Aztec nobles were taught by priests
Who is Francisco Pizarro
Spanish explorer, discovered Incas in 1527 attacked unarmed Incas; captured Atahualpa in 1534 conquered Incas.
What was "for the good of the empire"
Stored food so no one went hungry.
1502
The Aztec empire is at its golden age when Montezuma II becomes ruler.
1325
The Aztecs build their city Tenochtitlan on an island in Lake Texcoco
Sacred round
260 days long used to keep track of religious festivals
250
Classic period begins
How were the Incas conquered
Disease brought by the Spanish. The Sapa Inca was killed and his two sons took over civil war.
How did they make a living
Farming, made own clothing and pottery.
What are terraces
Flat piece of land carved on the side of a mountain
Who was Montezuma II
He was the emperor in the 1500's; the Aztecs saw a comet, lightning that struck a temple and they were in a drought and they thought that was coming.
1521
Hernan Cortes and the Spanish army conquer Tenochtitlan and the Aztecs
Who discovered the location of the Maya
In 1839, two American archeologists discovered the ruins of the city of Copan.
1200
Mayapan replaces Chichen Itza as their chief city
800
Mayas begin to abandon their cities
1440
Montezuma the first becomes emperor, when he was ruling the Aztec empire expands
What was the Royal road
Over 2,000 miles long, 24 feet wide in most areas, paved in with dirt and stones and all done by hand
900
Post classic period begins. Chichen Itza becomes an important city