The Skeletal System

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Study the differences between femur (thigh bone) and humerus (upper arm/brachial bone).

femur - greater/lesser trochanter and neck humerus - greater/lesser tubercle and surgical neck

The bone indicated on the figure is the ____.

fibula

Name the part of the scapula identified in the figure.

glenoid cavity

The bony process indicated in the figure is called the _____ tubercle.

greater

What is the name of the large bony process indicated in the figure?

greater trochanter

The structure indicated in the figure is the ____ of the radius.

head

The _____ is the bone indicated by the red arrow in the figure.

humerus

The upper margin of the hip bone indicated in the figure is the _____ crest.

iliac crest

What is the smooth concave part of the pelvis that is covered by the iliacus muscle?

iliac fossa

A rib articulates with the ______ costal facet of the upper vertebra and the superior costal facet of the vertebra below that.

inferior costal facet

The structure indicated in the figure is the _____ membrane.

interosseous

The opening indicated in the figure is the _____ foramen.

obturator

When you rest your elbow on a table, which bony part of the ulna is on the table?

olecranon

The smooth depression shown in the figure is called the ____ surface.

patellar

Which of the following separates the greater pelvis from the lesser pelvis?

pelvic brim

Name the structure comprised of the two coxal bones and the sacrum.

pelvic girdle

Describe each segment of the upper limb: 1. Brachium 2. Antebrachium 3. Carpus 4. Manus

1. Brachium - (upper arm) contains the humerus 2. Antebrachium - (lower arm) contains the radius and ulna 3. Carpus - (wrist) contains wrist bones 4. Manus - (hand) contains the metacarpals and phalanges

Describe each anatomical bone: 1. Condyle 2. Facet 3. Head

1. Condyle - A rounded knob that articulates with another bone 2. Facet - A smooth, flat, articular surface 3. Head - The prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded

How many pairs of ribs does each person have?

12

How many bones does the skeleton typically contain at birth?

270

What is the typical number of lumbar vertebrae?

5

The region of the intervertebral disc identified as 'A' in the figure is the ______, while 'B' is the ______.

A - nucleus pulposus B - anulus fibrosus

Which area of the humerus is indicated in the figure?

Anatomical neck

What age are the sacral vertebrae fully fused?

Around 26 years of age

The pectoral girdle includes which of the following bones?

Clavicle and Scapula

An intervertebral disc is made out of which type of cartilage?

Fibrocartilage

What is the fibrocartilage structure found anteriorly between the hip bones?

Pubic symphysis

The weight-bearing bone of the lower leg is the ____.

Tibia

Which metatarsal is directly proximal to the little toe?

V

The structure indicated in the figure is the ___ of the radius.

neck

The _____ facets are unique to the thoracic vertebrae.

costal

The depression indicated in the figure is the _____.

acetabulum

The head of the femur articulates with which part of the os coxa?

acetabulum

The joint indicated in the figure is the ____ joint.

acromioclavicular

The skull, vertebral column, and rib cage comprise the ___ skeleton.

axial

The second cervical vertebra is called the ____.

axis

What is the weight bearing portion of the vertebra?

body

Transverse foramina are only found in ______.

cervical vertebrae

The bone indicated in the figure is the ____.

calcaneus

The rounded lateral condyle indicated in the figure is the _____.

capitulum

The rough spot on the lateral shaft of the humerus that serves as an attachment for the shoulder muscle is the _____ tuberosity.

deltoid

The styloid process is located at the ______ end of the ulna.

distal

The widest points of the femur at the knee are the medial and lateral

epicondyle

Name the small processes on the humerus that are located proximal to the trochlea and capitulum.

epicondyles (note: the trochlea and capitulum are the condyle; the epicondyles are proximal to them).

The bony process indicated in the figure is the _____ epicondyle.

lateral

The bony process indicated in the figure is the ____ tubercle.

lesser

The inferior, narrower portion of the pelvis is considered the ____ pelvis, which is also called the "true pelvis".

lesser

The bony process indicated in the figure is the _____ _____.

medial epicondyle

Name the large process indicated in the figure.

medial malleolus

The three bones that make up the coxal (hip) bone are the ilium, ischium, and ___.

pubis

The ____ notch at the proximal end of the ulna accommodates the head of the radius.

radial

The spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae are ______.

relatively pointed and angled sharply downward

The indentation indicated in the figure is the greater ____ notch.

sciatic

Name the bony ridge indicated by the black arrow in the figure.

spine of the scapula

The joint between the sternum and the clavicle is the ____ joint.

sternoclavicular

Identify the articular surface indicated in the figure (superior view shown).

superior articular facet

Most ribs insert between two vertebrae. Where does the rib articulate with the lower of the two vertebrae?

superior costal facet

The area of the humerus indicated by the letter A in the figure is the ____ neck.

surgical neck

The joint indicated by the letter A is the pubic _____.

symphisis

Which of the following tarsals is the most superior, providing articulation with the leg?

talus

The group of bones circled on the figure are the ____.

tarsals

The region of the spine indicated in the picture is the ____ region.

thoracic

The opening indicated in the figure is the ____ foramen.

transverse

Which foramen provides passage for the vertebral arteries?

transverse foramen

The articular condyle indicated in the figure is the _____.

trochlear

The bony bump indicated in the figure is called the tibial ___.

tuberosity

The bony process indicated in the figure is the radial ____.

tuberosity

The dens projects into the ______.

vertebral foramen of the atlas


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