The Skeletal System
Study the differences between femur (thigh bone) and humerus (upper arm/brachial bone).
femur - greater/lesser trochanter and neck humerus - greater/lesser tubercle and surgical neck
The bone indicated on the figure is the ____.
fibula
Name the part of the scapula identified in the figure.
glenoid cavity
The bony process indicated in the figure is called the _____ tubercle.
greater
What is the name of the large bony process indicated in the figure?
greater trochanter
The structure indicated in the figure is the ____ of the radius.
head
The _____ is the bone indicated by the red arrow in the figure.
humerus
The upper margin of the hip bone indicated in the figure is the _____ crest.
iliac crest
What is the smooth concave part of the pelvis that is covered by the iliacus muscle?
iliac fossa
A rib articulates with the ______ costal facet of the upper vertebra and the superior costal facet of the vertebra below that.
inferior costal facet
The structure indicated in the figure is the _____ membrane.
interosseous
The opening indicated in the figure is the _____ foramen.
obturator
When you rest your elbow on a table, which bony part of the ulna is on the table?
olecranon
The smooth depression shown in the figure is called the ____ surface.
patellar
Which of the following separates the greater pelvis from the lesser pelvis?
pelvic brim
Name the structure comprised of the two coxal bones and the sacrum.
pelvic girdle
Describe each segment of the upper limb: 1. Brachium 2. Antebrachium 3. Carpus 4. Manus
1. Brachium - (upper arm) contains the humerus 2. Antebrachium - (lower arm) contains the radius and ulna 3. Carpus - (wrist) contains wrist bones 4. Manus - (hand) contains the metacarpals and phalanges
Describe each anatomical bone: 1. Condyle 2. Facet 3. Head
1. Condyle - A rounded knob that articulates with another bone 2. Facet - A smooth, flat, articular surface 3. Head - The prominent expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded
How many pairs of ribs does each person have?
12
How many bones does the skeleton typically contain at birth?
270
What is the typical number of lumbar vertebrae?
5
The region of the intervertebral disc identified as 'A' in the figure is the ______, while 'B' is the ______.
A - nucleus pulposus B - anulus fibrosus
Which area of the humerus is indicated in the figure?
Anatomical neck
What age are the sacral vertebrae fully fused?
Around 26 years of age
The pectoral girdle includes which of the following bones?
Clavicle and Scapula
An intervertebral disc is made out of which type of cartilage?
Fibrocartilage
What is the fibrocartilage structure found anteriorly between the hip bones?
Pubic symphysis
The weight-bearing bone of the lower leg is the ____.
Tibia
Which metatarsal is directly proximal to the little toe?
V
The structure indicated in the figure is the ___ of the radius.
neck
The _____ facets are unique to the thoracic vertebrae.
costal
The depression indicated in the figure is the _____.
acetabulum
The head of the femur articulates with which part of the os coxa?
acetabulum
The joint indicated in the figure is the ____ joint.
acromioclavicular
The skull, vertebral column, and rib cage comprise the ___ skeleton.
axial
The second cervical vertebra is called the ____.
axis
What is the weight bearing portion of the vertebra?
body
Transverse foramina are only found in ______.
cervical vertebrae
The bone indicated in the figure is the ____.
calcaneus
The rounded lateral condyle indicated in the figure is the _____.
capitulum
The rough spot on the lateral shaft of the humerus that serves as an attachment for the shoulder muscle is the _____ tuberosity.
deltoid
The styloid process is located at the ______ end of the ulna.
distal
The widest points of the femur at the knee are the medial and lateral
epicondyle
Name the small processes on the humerus that are located proximal to the trochlea and capitulum.
epicondyles (note: the trochlea and capitulum are the condyle; the epicondyles are proximal to them).
The bony process indicated in the figure is the _____ epicondyle.
lateral
The bony process indicated in the figure is the ____ tubercle.
lesser
The inferior, narrower portion of the pelvis is considered the ____ pelvis, which is also called the "true pelvis".
lesser
The bony process indicated in the figure is the _____ _____.
medial epicondyle
Name the large process indicated in the figure.
medial malleolus
The three bones that make up the coxal (hip) bone are the ilium, ischium, and ___.
pubis
The ____ notch at the proximal end of the ulna accommodates the head of the radius.
radial
The spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae are ______.
relatively pointed and angled sharply downward
The indentation indicated in the figure is the greater ____ notch.
sciatic
Name the bony ridge indicated by the black arrow in the figure.
spine of the scapula
The joint between the sternum and the clavicle is the ____ joint.
sternoclavicular
Identify the articular surface indicated in the figure (superior view shown).
superior articular facet
Most ribs insert between two vertebrae. Where does the rib articulate with the lower of the two vertebrae?
superior costal facet
The area of the humerus indicated by the letter A in the figure is the ____ neck.
surgical neck
The joint indicated by the letter A is the pubic _____.
symphisis
Which of the following tarsals is the most superior, providing articulation with the leg?
talus
The group of bones circled on the figure are the ____.
tarsals
The region of the spine indicated in the picture is the ____ region.
thoracic
The opening indicated in the figure is the ____ foramen.
transverse
Which foramen provides passage for the vertebral arteries?
transverse foramen
The articular condyle indicated in the figure is the _____.
trochlear
The bony bump indicated in the figure is called the tibial ___.
tuberosity
The bony process indicated in the figure is the radial ____.
tuberosity
The dens projects into the ______.
vertebral foramen of the atlas