The Spleen - Abd II

Splenic infarct

An area within the spleen that has become necrotic because of a lack of oxygen

Splenic infarct

An area within the spleen that has become necrotic because of a lack of oxygen is referred to as a:

Asymptomatic

From the list below, what is the most likely clinical finding of a patient who has a splenic hemangioma?

White pulp

Specialized lymphatic tissue within the spleen

Red pulp

Specialized tissue within the spleen that performs its phagocytic function

Asplenia

The congenital absence of the spleen

Tuberous sclerosis

The splenic hamartoma may be discovered more often in individuals with a history of:

Sarcoidosis

What systemic disease results in the development of granulomas within the spleen and throughout the body?

Splenic hilum

Where is the most common location of an accessory spleen?

Caucasian

Which fo the following children would least likely suffer from sickle cell anemia?

Splenosis

Which of the following describe the implantation of ectopic splenic tissue possibly secondary to splenic rupture?

Lymphangioma

Which of the following is a benign lesion that is a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system:

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

carcinoma of the lymphocytes; cancer of the lymphatic system

Splenomegaly

enlargement of the spleen

Reed-Stemberg cells

the cells that indicate the presence of Hodgkin lymphoma

splenosis

the implantation of ectopic splenic tissue possibly secondary to splenic rupture

Pitting

the splenic process of cleaning red blood cells of unwanted material

culling

the splenic process of removing irregular red blood cells from the bloodstream

Splenic hematoma

A 14-year-old male patient presents to the sonography department after falling from his bicycle. An abdominal sonogram reveals a complex-appearing mass within the spleen. This most likely represents a:

Splenic hematoma

A 15-year-old male patient presents to the sonography department with a history of left sided trauma 5 years earlier. He currently has no LUQ discomfort. The sonographic findings of the spleen include a mass that contains calcification producing distinct posterior shadowing. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accessory spleen

A 25-year-old female patient presents to the sonography department for a complete abdominal sonogram. She complains of right lower quadrant pain and nausea. The right upper abdomen appears normal. A small mass is noted in the area of the splenic hilum. This mass appears isoechoic to the spleen. What does this most likely represent?

Autosplenectomy

A 26-year-old patient with a long-standing history of multiple sickle cell crises and subsequent splenic infarctions presents to the sonography department for an abdominal sonogram. After thoroughly evaluating the left upper quadrant, only a fraction of splenic tissue can be identified. This describes the process of:

Hemangioma

A 32-year-old female patient presents to the sonography department for an abdominal sonogram. An evaluation of the spleen reveals a 1-cm, rounded echogenic mass that does not produce acoustic shadowing. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Multiple granulomas

A 35-year-old male patient presents to the sonography department for an abdominal sonogram with a history of abdominal pain and histoplasmosis. What are you more likely to identify within the spleen?

Splenic infarct

A 48-year-old male patient with a history of severe, sudden onset of left upper quadrant pain without trauma presents to the sonography department for a sonogram of the spleen. You visualized a wedge-shaped, hypoechoic area within the spleen. This most likely represents a:

Hemangioma

A benign tumor composed of blood vessels

Hydatid cyst

A complex cyst the results from the parasitic infestation of the spleen by a tapeworm is the:

hydatid cyst

A cyst that results from the parasitic infestation of an organ by a tapeworm

histoplasmosis

A disease that results from the inhalation of an airborne fungus that can affect the lungs and may spread to other organs

Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome

A growth disorder syndrome synonymous with enlargement of several organs including the skull, tongue, and liver

Splenic torsion

A patient with a wandering spleen would have an increased risk for:

Angiosarcoma

A rare malignant tumor of the spleen that consists of blood vessels is a/an:

Angiosarcoma

A rare malignant tumor of the spleen that is derived from blood vessels

Splenomegaly

A sickle cell crisis will often lead to:

Heterotaxia syndromes

A situation in which the organs of the chest and abdomen are abnormally arranged

Accessory spleen

A small, round island of splenic tissue often located near the splenic hilum or near the tail of the pancreas; also referred to as a splenule, a splenunculus, or a supernumerary spleen

sarcoidosis

A systemic disease that results in the development of granulomas throughout the body

tuberous sclerosis

A systemic disorder the leads to the development of tumors within various organs

Destruction of phagocytic cells

All of the following are functions of the spleen except: Storage of iron Defense against disease Blood reservoir Destruction of phagocytic cells

The spleen has a convex inferior margin and a concave superior border

All of the following are true of the spleen except: It is the largest structure of the reticuloendothelial system The primary objective of the spleen is to filter the peripheral blood The spleen has a convex inferior margin and a concave superior border The spleen is considered the largest lymphatic organ

Pancreatitis

All of the following can be associated with splenomegaly except: Trauma hemolytic abnormalities Mononucleosis Pancreatitis

Bacterial endocarditis

An infection of the surface of the heart that can spread to other organs

mononucleosis

An infections disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

Sickle cell anemia

An inherited disease in which the body produces abnormally shaped red blood cells

Splenic hamartoma

Benign splenic mass that has been associated with Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome and tuberous sclerosis

Splenic lymphangioma

Benign tumor composed of lymph spaces

lysis

Breaking down of a cellular membrane

Hodgkin lymphoma

Carcinoma of the lymphocytes that has a relatively high recovery rate; cancer of the lymphatic system

Splenomegaly

Diffuse involvement of lymphoma or leukemia of the spleen will often lead to:

A herpesvirus that can lead to infectious mononucleosis

Epstein-Barr inaction is best described as:

Polysplenia

Having many small islands of splenic tissue

Hodgkin lymphoma

In a patient with suspected lymphoma, the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells indicates:

Granulomas

Multiple, small echogenic foci scattered throughout the spleen in a patient with a history of toxoplasmosis most likely represent:

blunt trauma

Non-penetrating injury to the body

granulomas

Small echogenic calcifications that result from inflammation of the tissue in that area

Multiple benign granulomas

Small echogenic foci scattered throughout the spleen most likely represent:

Portal hypertension

The elevation of blood pressure within the portal venous system

Autosplenectomy

The grade fibrosis and dysfunction of the spleen secondary to a disease

Portal hypertension

The most common cause of splenomegaly is:

erythropoiesis

The process of making red blood cells

Erythropoiesis

The process of making red blood cells is termed:

Intraperitoneal organ

The spleen is a/an:

Culling

The spleen removes irregular cells from the bloodstream through a process called:

extramedullary hematopoiesis

The spleen's hematopoietic function which can return in cases of severe anemia

Superior aspect of the pancreatic body and tail

The splenic artery marks the:

Celiac trunk

The splenic artery originates at the:

Superior mesenteric vein

The splenic vein joins with what structure posterior to the pancreatic neck to form the portal vein?

Posterior aspect of the pancreatic body and tail

The splenic vein marks the:

Splenic torsion

The twisting of the splenic vasculature causing causing a disruption in the blood supply to the spleen and subsequent ischemia

White pulp

The type of tissue within the spleen that is responsible for its lymphatic function is the:

Red pulp

The type of tissue within the spleen that is responsible for its phagocytic function is the:

Echogenic

What is the most common sonographic appearance of a splenic hemangioma?

Pitting

What is the splenic process of cleaning red blood cells of unwanted material:

Splenic cleft

Which of the following is a congenital anomaly in which the spleen is divided into two portions by a band of tissue?

Splenic cleft

a congenital anomaly in which the spleen is divided into two portions by a band of tissue

Epstein-Barr infection

a herpesvirus that can lead to infections mononucleosis

Wandering spleen

a highly mobile spleen

granulomatous disease

an inherited disease that disrupts the normal immune system and causes it to malfunction resulting in immunodeficiency; chronic inflammation can lead to the development of granulomas in several organs

Splenule

An accessory spleen