Theology 111 - Prelims Reviewer

Ketubbah

jewish marriage contract; support wife; mutual obligations

Zealots

Also known as Jewish freedom fighters.

Ghil-ha-goyim

Circle of Gentiles

Maccabean Revolt

revolution led by Judas Maccabeus against the tyrannical reign of Antiochus Epiphanes after his pillaging of Jerusalem's temple during the outlaw of Judaism

Baptists

Followers of John the Baptist.

Diaspora

Greek word meaning dispersion

Pesah

Also known as the Feast of Passover.

Herod the Great

An Idumean, who ruled Palestine and took the throne after John Hycarnus II's death.

Essenes

A group of pious, ultraconservative Jews who left the Temple of Jerusalem and began a community by the dead Sea, known as Qumran.

Latin

A medium that eventually be absorbed by Christianity as its official language, particularly in its writing.

Emmaus

A small village a few hours away from Jerusalem. After His Resurrection, two of Jesus' followers met Him on the road, but did not recognize Him until He broke bread with them.

Sepphoris

A wealthy city in the first century, believed to be a thriving city of trade and commerce, it was just an hour walk away from Nazareth. Also rumored that Jesus and Joseph worked as a stone masons.

Mount of Olives

According to Mathew 24, This is the place that Jesus spoke of the destruction of the temple, the great tribulation that shal preced the Parousia.

J.R. Porter

According to him, the Galileans were distinguished by their accent, and Pharisees apparently looked down on the as lax in their observance of the Jewish law and incapable of producing the Messiah.

Hanukkah

Also known as Feast of Dedication, Commemorates the rededication of the temple in 164 BC after itwas desecrated by the Syrian Greeks.

Bethlehem

Birthplace of Jesus, it was also known as the birthplace of King David.

Feast of Pentecost

Celebrated fifty days after the Feast of Passover. Commemorates the giving of the Law in Mount Sinai.

Polis

City-states which establishes an alternative political system of organization.

Judea

Considered as the religuous and political capital of Palestine.

High Priest

Considered the leader of the Sanhedrin.

Hasmoneans

Descendants of the Maccabees who ruled in Judea after the ousting of the last of the Syrians in 141 BC until the establishment of Roman authority in 63 BC John Hyrcanus was the first ruler in this dynasty and ruled until 128 BC.

Pharisees

Emerged from the religious group known as the Hadieans. Noted for their uncompromising observance of Judaic Law.

Cana

First miracle of Jesus where he turned water into a wine on one of the wedding celebration were Mary, Jesus and his disciple were invited.

Christology as a Branch of Theology

Focuses on the nature, teachings and actions of Jesus Christ who is considered both as fully human and fully divine.

Etymology of Christology

From the greek word "Christos" which is a word for Messiah or Annointed One and "Logos" which means study.

Socrates, Plato and Aristotle

Great Greek philosphers who were seriously dedicated in finding universal truth in the area of knowledge, morality and even, religion.

Palestine

Known in the Old testament as the "Land of the Philistines", located on the northeastern part of Egypt, and south of Ancient Syria.

Zacchaeus

He is a chief tax collector who gave Jesus a dinner, offered half of his possession to the poor, and repented from his sins.

Capernaum

Headquarters of Jesus' Galilean ministry. Hometown of Peter.

Sanhedrin

Highes Jewish Council

Publicans

Hired by Rome as a local tax collectors.

Bethany

Home of Lazarus, Martha and Mary

Samaria

In 721 BCE, it was conquered by the Assyrian army led by Tiglath-Pigleser III, and later, turned out to be a locus of inter-racial marriages, particularly with the pagan Assyrians.

Scribes

In Old Testament, these were professional copyust who recorded commercial, royal, and religous texts and served as a clerks, secretaries and archivist.

Dogmatic Christology

It approaches the study of Jesus Christ according to the official teachings, doctrines and dogma of the Catholic Church.

Palestine

It became the locust, and witness of complex historical interactions, at times conflicting ones, among various cultures, and races in the past.

Christology from Above

It begins its study on Jesus' divinity as it is understood and preached by the Catholic Church. IT examines doctrines and pronouncements about Jesus in order to guide and enlightened the faith-experiences of his followers.

Christology from Below

It has its starting point on the human experience of Jesus Christ that believers can relate with before introducing systematic Christological doctrines and teachings of the Church in order to guide its believes and prepare them to understand and appreciate his divine person.

Historical Christology

It investigates the facts and evidences of the historical Jesus, including his words (teachings) and works (miracles).

Christology by New American Bible

It is an ordered process of reflection on the nature and meaning of Jesus Christ.

Ontological Christology

It is derived from the prefix "onto" which means being and "logos" meaning study, it focuses on the being and nature of Jesus Christ - fully human and fully divine in one person as its subject of study.

Functional Christology

It is the study of the work that Jesus Christ achieved in plan of salvation, rather than on who he was as a person.

Bethsaida

It means "House of Fishing', restoration of sight to a blind man, feed 5000 men using only the available five loaves, and two fish.

Bethsaida

It was cursed for failing to respond to the miracles that Jesus had performed there.

Jericho

It was identified as the town of chief tax collector and riched man named Zacchaeus, Its wall was beseiged by Joshua.

Jerusalem

It was known as the City of David. Captured by King's David men from the Jebusites and was given as a gift to their king.

Sickness

It was perceived differently at the time of Jesus, it was a consequence of sin.

Jerusalem

It was the location of the great temple rebuilt by Herod the Great, and the center of Jewish religous hierarchy, the Sanhedrin, and the seat of Roman power in Palestine.

Sadducees

Jewish upper class, adhered to the Torah, preserved sanctity of the temple, rejected belief in resurrection of the dead; coexisted with the Romans; others hated them for this. Also claimed to be the spiritual heirs of Zadok

Zadok

King David's appointed chief priest.

Nazareth

Known as the hometown of Jesus, it is the place where he grew up, learned the history and way of life of his people and inherited their great devotion to God.

Sicarii

Literally means "daggers". this is what the Romans called the Zealots.

Denarius

Monetary currency during first century Palestine.

Tiberias

Partly known to be a simple fishing, and agriculutural area, it rose to prominence when Herod Antipas, then tetrarch of Galilee, transferred his government to such place. In 17 AD became the capital of the province Galilee.

Barter

Mutual exchange of goods, as a system of economic life.

Perea

area east of the Jordan where John the Baptist preached repentance; a portion of the kingdom of Herod the Great occupying the eastern side of the Jordan River valley

Mount Gerizim

Samaritans recognized this as the sole legitimate place for sacrificial worship.

Qumran

Scholars believed that this was the place of the Essenes, it is also famous due to the archeological discovery of a rich collection of ancient scrlls in 1947 known as the Dead Sea Scrolls.

Levites

Temple Tax Collectors

Decapolis

Ten cities. The district east and southeast of the Sea of Galilee, containing a mixed population of Greeks, Syrians, Arabs, and Jews, the Greek element being the greatest

Masada

The Jewish hilltop fortess that held out against Rome for 2 years. When the Romans finally reached the fortress all of the people had killed themselves rather than face the Romans.

Samaritans

The name of the people who lived north of Judah, who intermarried between Jews & Assyrians during the exiles.

Parousia

The second coming of Christ, when his Kingdom will be fully established and his triumph over evil will be complete.

Idumea

The southern part of Palestine where people were forced to accept Judaism

Grain, Olives and Vines

Three main crops during the first century palestine.

Kefar Nahum

Village of Nahum,hebrew term for Capernaum.

Great Temple of Jerusalem

Was considered to be the most magnificent religous buildings in Roman world.

Galilee

Was home of the northern tribes of Israel, specifically the tribe of Nepthali, it is the locale of the many miracles that Jesus performed, and the center of his public ministry.

Hellenism

the diffusion of Greek culture throughout the Mediterranean world after the conquest of Alexander the Great.

Dead Sea Scrolls

the legacies of the Essenes