Theology Chapter 2: The Fall and Promise of a Savior
covenant
A binding and solemn agreement between God and human beings in which each side is held to a particular course of action
Satan
A fallen angel or devil
typology
A method of biblical interpretation in which persons, events, places, or things in the Old Testament are seen to prefigure ones found in the New Testament
New Adam
A name for Jesus Christ who through his obedience in life and death makes amends for the disobedience of the first Adam
ziggurat
A temple that the Babylonians constructed to worship their god, Marduk
taxed, wives, idols, Israel, Judah, Benjamin, capital
Solomon's building projects severely ___________ the people, and his many foreign ____________ led him to worship their ________. After his death, the kingdom divided into the northern kingdom of _____________—consisting of ten tribes—and the southern kingdom of ____________—consisting of the tribes of __________________ and Judah with Jerusalem as its capital.
infidelities
Despite the _________________ of the people and even of kings like David, God always remained faithful to his promises
Church Fathers
Early Christian writers who defended the core teachings of the faith
It is the price for making free and intelligent creatures.
Explain why God permits Satan to injure people physically and spiritually.
Cain
God banished him from the land and condemned him to a life of wandering
Abraham
God blessed his family, promising to give them the land of Canaan and make them a blessing to the nations
Moses
God made a covenant with him on Mount Sinai, in which God selected Israel as his Chosen People
monarchy
The reign of King David was a golden period in Israel's ________________
Original Sin
The sin by which the first human beings disobeyed the commandment of God, choosing to follow their own will rather than God's will
Babylonians
The southern kingdom of Judah was overrun by this rival power in 587 BC
The stories of Cain and Abel, Noah and the Flood, and the Tower of Babel immediately followed the Fall.
What three stories immediately follow the story of the Fall of Man in Genesis 3, which illustrate how rapidly sin spread after the first transgression?
Messiah
God's "anointed one"
Pelagianism was the heretical belief that people, because of their natural powers of free will, can lead morally good lives without God's help. It is a heresy because God's help is necessary in our lives so we can be good, just people.
What was Pelagianism? Why is it a heresy?
Some Gentiles that God honored in the Old Testament are Noah, Daniel, Job, Ruth, and Melchizedek.
Who are some Gentiles that God honored in the Old Testament?
"I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; they will strike at your head, while you strike at their heel."
Write the Protoevangelium.
Herod
________ the Great, the great builder, was appointed by the Romans to govern Palestine
Satan
a fallen angel or the devil; the Evil One
typology
a method of biblical interpretation in which persons, events, places, or things in the Old Testament are seen to prefigure ones found in the New Testament; initial one is called a type, and its fulfillment is called an anti type; by showing how Old Testament types are fulfilled in God's plan in the Person of Christ, this points to the unity of God's salvific work
New Adam
a name for Jesus Christ, who, through his obedience in his Life and Death, makes amends for the disobedience of the first Adam
Decalogue
literally, "ten words," describes the Ten Commandments given by God to Moses
Protoevangelium
the "first Gospel"
New Covenant
the covenant established by God in Jesus Christ to fulfill and perfect the Old Covenant; also called the Law of the Gospel, the perfection here on earth of the natural law and the Law of Moses; the law of love, grace, and freedom; this, made in the Blood of Jesus, is the climax of salvation history and is God's eternal covenant with human beings
Pelagianism
the heretical belief that people, because of their natural powers of free will, can lead morally good lives without God's help; associated with this view is belief that Original Sin is passed on only through example, but not "contracted" as such; system of beliefs derives from Pelagius, who disputed with St. Augustine of Hippo on question of grace
Original Sin
the sin by which the first human beings disobeyed the commandment of God, choosing to follow their own will rather than God's will; consequently lost grace of original holiness, and became subject to the law of death; sin became universally present in the world; describes fallen state of human nature which affects every person born into the world, and form which Christ, the "New Adam" came to redeem us
Solomon
He supervised the building of the Temple in Jerusalem
They would live according to God's Law.
How would the Chosen People be a beacon of God's Revelation to the whole world?
Noah
"A righteous man and blameless in his generation" who God chose in the story of the great flood
Exsultet
"O happy fault that earned so great, so glorious a Redeemer!"
The new covenant would be written on people's hearts.
According to the prophet Jeremiah, how would the new covenant be different from the old covenant?
Satan, lying, die, eyes, gods, God-centered
Adam and Eve placed their trust in ___________ when he suggested that God was ___________ to them. He assured them, "You certainly will not ____! God knows well that when you eat of it your _________ will be opened and you will be like _______, who know good and evil." Consequently, they rejected a _____________________________ life and chose a self-centered life.
consequences, holiness, friendship, justice, creation, ignorance, death
Humanity experiences three important _________________________ as a result of Adam and Eve's sin. We have lost original __________________, now experiencing fear of God rather than beloved ___________________. The loss of original _______________ has brought disharmony with ourselves, between man and woman, and with God's ________________. Finally, we are subject to ___________________, suffering, and the dominion of _________.
Romans
In 63 BC, they imposed their rule on Israel
synagogue
Jewish prayer houses
Decalogue
Literally, "ten words," it describes the Ten Commandments given by God to Moses
Persian, Romans, Hellenize, Temple, synagogues, priests, Pharisees, Zealots
Prior to the birth of Christ, _______________ rule gave way to the Greeks, then to the Seleucid dynasty, and finally to the _______________. The Jews fought efforts to ________________ them and faithful Jews kept their religion alive through ____________ worship and by meeting in _________________________. Disagreement among Jewish leaders and ______________ divided Judaism into different sects, including the ____________________, Sadducees, Essenes, and _________________.
Saul
Samuel appointed him as Israel's first king
rainbow
Symbol of God's covenant with Noah, an everlasting covenant between God and humanity
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Adam and Eve's personal sin affected human nature, which has been passed down through the generations.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: Both humans and angels can choose to move toward God or away from him.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: By restricting the one tree in the garden, God made Adam free to love God or reject God.
false- Original Sin has wounded human nature but has not completely corrupted it. Humans can lead a life of healing and progress toward holiness through God's grace.
TRUE OR FALSE: Catholic teaching holds that Original Sin has so radically destroyed human freedom that it was impossible for humans to overcome it.
false- not humans
TRUE OR FALSE: Devils and demons are names for angels and humans who reject God radically and choose evil.
false- They identified the woman as Mary, the Blessed Mother of Jesus.
TRUE OR FALSE: Early Christian writers identified the woman mentioned in the Protoevangelium as Elizabeth, the mother of John the Baptist.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: God sent prophets to both the north and the south to remind people of his covenant with them
false- It is known as a typology.
TRUE OR FALSE: Identifying persons, events, or things in the Old Testament that prefigure and serve as a prototype of the fulfillment of God's plan in the Person of Christ, is known as eschatology.
false- He interpreted it as a path of suggesting and service.
TRUE OR FALSE: Jesus interpreted the messianic way to Salvation as a path of earthly glory and domination, not a path of suffering and service.
false- All life-threatening and life-reducing aspects of humanity are due to Original Sin.
TRUE OR FALSE: Life-threatening and life-reducing aspects of human existence are not due to Original Sin, including physical, emotional, and spiritual illnesses, injustices of all types, and natural disasters.
false- It is contracted because it is a state, not an act.
TRUE OR FALSE: Original sin is "committed" by human beings rather than "contracted."
false- He is only a creature; he cannot destroy the establishment of God's Kingdom.
TRUE OR FALSE: Satan is equal to God in power.
false- St. Augustine of Hippo said we need God's grace.
TRUE OR FALSE: St. Athanasius said that humans need God's grace for the forgiveness of their sins and for the healing of their relationship with God.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: The Decalogue summarizes the Law of Abraham and expresses what humans know in their hearts, and deduce by reason, to be right or wrong.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: The Old Testament speaks about Christ in an anticipatory manner.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: The author of the Genesis accounts stressed both God's judgement on sinners but also his mercy.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: The key promise of God's covenant with David led the Israelites to believe in the Messiah, one who would come and save them from their enemies.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: The story of the flood is a typology of Christ's saving us from sins in the water of Baptism.
true
TRUE OR FALSE: While the Jews were suffering the consequences of many years of infidelity and sin in Babylon, God sent prophets to give them hope about their future.
New Covenant, hearts, fulfillment, Israel, Abraham, Messiah, dynasty
The Old Testament covenants foretold a _____________________________ that would be written on the __________ of humankind. Jesus Christ was the _______________________ of his promise God made with the people of ancient ____________. His first covenant was with Noah, then with ___________________, Moses, and finally with David. It was the latter in which he announced that the ______________ and Savior would come from David's _______________.
golden, David, Jerusalem, prosperity, Solomon, wisdom, Temple, pilgrimage
The ______________ period of Israel's monarchy was during the reign of King ____________. He made _______________________ its capital and brought peace, culture, and _____________________ to the land. ___________________, his son, succeeded David as king and was known for his _____________ and the building of the _______________ in Jerusalem which became the center of worship and _____________________ for the Chosen People.
Protoevangelium, predicts, battle, announcement, New Adam, disobedience
The _________________________ is God's immediate plan of salvation. It ______________ the future Messiah and Redeemer who will _____________ with evil and emerge victorious. The Church understands this to be the ________________________ of Jesus Christ, the __________________. His obedience made up in a super abundant way for Adam's __________________________.
Jerusalem
The capital of David's kingdom
consequences, harmony, other, lost, place, grace, justice
The expulsion from paradise reflects the tragic _________________________ of Adam and Eve's disobedience: loss of ________________ with God, within themselves, with each _________, and with all of creation. They ______ everything that derived from the intimacy they shared with God: their __________ in paradise, original ___________, original holiness, and original ________________.
Jesus
The fulfillment of the promise of redemption
Baptism
The great flood prefigures Christ's saving us from our sins in this sacrament
Pelagianism
The heretical belief that people, because of their natural powers of free will, can lead morally good lives without God's help
fratricide
The killing of a sibling
Samuel
The last judge and prophet
hearts
The message of the prophets: The Law would be written on their __________ rather than tablets of stone
Assyria
The northern kingdom of Israel fell to this rival power in 722 BC
Ezekiel, restore, Promised Land, Isaiah, Servant Songs, future
The prophet _____________ brought hope to the Jewish people by predicting a time when God would _____________ Israel and the people would return to the ______________________________. The Book of ___________ predicted much about the Messiah which applied to Jesus. It includes the ___________________________ that describes "the servant" whom God will use to usher in a glorious _____________.
free will, receive, communion, refuse, allows for, freedom, puppet
Thinking about evil requires thinking about __________________. Humans have the ability to freely ______________ God's love and to enter into ____________________ with him and one another, but also to _____________ God. There is no evil in God, but he ___________________ the reality of sin and evil. If there were no ________________ and opportunity to choose, you would be like a _______________ or action figure that God manipulated.
Cyrus
This king of Persian permitted the Jews held captive in Babylon to return home in 538 BC
Isaiah
This prophet predicted much about the Messiah
Ezekiel
This prophet's vision saw that the people would return to the Promised Land
David
Through a covenant with him, God announced that the Messiah and Savior would come from his dynasty
Hellenize
To impose Greek culture on God's Chosen People
judges
Tribal chieftains
Two sacred parts are the promise God made and the conditions God asked the person or group entering into the covenant to fulfill. God's condition with Abraham was that his descendants must be circumcised.
What are the two sacred parts of biblical covenants? What condition did God establish with Abraham?
The northern kingdom fell to Assyria after prophets had warned leaders that idolatry would lead to its downfall. Judah was overrun by the Babylonians and many of the Jews were taken to Babylonia as captives; this happened because many succumbed to idolatry.
What caused the destruction of the kingdom of Israel 722 BC? The kingdom of Judah in 587 BC?
They reminded them that God called them to draw other nations to the worship of the one true God.
What did Isaiah's prophecies remind the Israelites?
Christ's Passion reveals the depth of the Father's love and desire to save all people from being overcome by evil, sin, and death.
What does Christ's passion reveal about the Father?
It reveals that God's light would shine brightly on the Jewish nation and attract all people to God.
What does Isaiah 60:1-5 reveal about God's plan for Salvation?
They obeyed God's commands, and so did not suffer, would not die, had creative work, and had love of God and neighbor.
What does it mean to say that Adam and Eve enjoyed the greatest human paradise possible?
Genesis chronicles spreading of personal sin due to humanity's weakened state of Original Sin. The Old Testament documents Israel's struggle with temptations to stray from covenants that God established with his people in his helping efforts.
What does most of the Old Testament chronicle?
The Book of Genesis repeatedly teaches that the sin of "going it alone" apart from God ultimately leads to sorrow and evil.
What lesson does the Book of Genesis teach repeatedly?
They proclaimed the need for the Chosen People to worship the one, true God in fidelity and truth, warned the people to repent, urged them to live according to the Law, and asked them to look out for the needs of the poor and powerless.
What messages did the prophets proclaim to the people?
