Theories Engler Ch. 3

C

Compared to Freudian psychoanalysis, Jung's version of psychotherapy can be described as a) less eclectic. b) more clearly articulated. c) more like a dialogue. d) more time-consuming.

B

Dr. Garcia is a Jungian psychotherapist; thus, she believes the ego is a) the true center of personality. b) one's conscious mind. c) the executor of personality. d) primarily unconscious.

B

For Jung, dreams have two purposes: in addition to expressing the unconscious wishes, they can also be a) projective. b) prospective. c) compensatory. d) repressive.

C

Freud associated the unconscious with ________, whereas Jung associated it with ________. a) accessibility; inaccessibility b) harmony; conflict c) repressed material; a source of new possibilities d) universality; uniqueness

B

Freud's concept of unconscious forces was largely limited to ________ experiences, whereas Jung placed a greater emphasis on ________ qualities. a) shared; personal b) unique: universal c) concrete; symbolic d) symbolic; concrete

A

Fundamentally, Jung's theory may be best categorized as a(n) a) philosophical one because he raised philosophical questions and suggested philosophical answers. b) historical one because it relied so heavily on Freud's theory. c) artistic one because he made use of sculpture and painting in his therapeutic sessions. d) scientific one because it is based on data from controlled experiments.

C

George is an accountant who wears a suit and tie to work every day. He hates doing so but feels that it makes him seem more acceptable in the eyes of those with whom he works. What archetype is George expressing when he wears the suit? a) The shadow b) The anima c) The persona d) The self

D

Jung influenced all of the following assessment techniques, but which did he actually develop? a) The Rorschach Inkblot Test b) The Thematic Apperception Test c) The Myers-Briggs Type Test d) The word-association test

C

Jung's concept of the collective unconscious includes a) only personal experiences. b) repressed thoughts, feelings, and memories. c) our common heritage. d) symbols that have distinct meanings for each individual.

B

Michael views all members of a particular ethnic group as sharing an unfavorable characteristic. Michael would be described by Jungians as a) an intuitor. b) projecting his shadow. c) denying his anima. d) an extravert.

A

More than those of any other personality theorist prominent in the early or mid-1900s, _________ theories anticipated the rise of spirituality that has occurred as we have moved into the twenty-first century. a) Jung's b) Erickson's c) Adler's d) Rogers's

C

On the long drive to a wedding, Yao's mind wandered to memories of other weddings that he had attended, to weddings that he had seen depicted in books and movies, and to his general thinking about the ceremony. In Jung's theory, Yao was invoking a(n) a) archetype. b) attitude. c) complex. d) function.

A

One's personal unconscious might include which of the following? a) An embarrassing event that happened in elementary school b) A sense of identity c) A universal appreciation for a face with symmetrical features d) The impulse to behave in a manner that is opposed to society's moral standards

B

Sue recently took a psychological test. The results indicate that she is an ESFJ (that is, an extravert who is sensing, feeling, and judging). The test she took was most likely authored by a) Hermann Rorschach. b) Katherine Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers. c) Alfred Adler. d) Sigmund Freud.

A

The "great mother," the "wise old man," and the "hero" are all examples of a) archetypes. b) attitudes. c) complexes. d) functions.

D

The central archetype in Jung's theory, representing the striving for unity of all parts of the personality, is the a) anima. b) mandala. c) shadow. d) self.

B

The concept of self-realization takes a ________ viewpoint. a) pessimistic b) teleological c) pragmatic d) deterministic

B

The fact that most people all over the world enjoy looking at a rainbow best illustrates which Jungian concept? a) Synchronicity b) The collective unconscious c) The persona d) The personal unconscious

B

The feminine side of the male psyche is the a) animus. b) anima. c) shadow. d) persona.

D

The masculine side of the female psyche is the a) persona. b) shadow. c) anima. d) animus.

C

The presence of both masculine and feminine qualities in an individual and the ability to realize both potentialities is referred to as a) teleology. b) amplification. c) androgyny. d) individuation.

c

The tale of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde best illustrates the Jungian principle(s) of a) anima and animus. b) archetype. c) persona and shadow. d) synchronicity.

C

Visual symbols such as the yin/yang symbol, the cross, the atom, and the snowflake illustrate which of Jung's archetypes? a) The hero b) The shadow c) The mandala/self d) The anima

D

What does the process of transcendence entail? a) The cultivation of consciousness in the first half of life b) Coming to term with one's sexual role c) Achieving a full degree of differentiation d) Integrating the unified self with all of humanity

A

Which of the following components of psychotherapy is characteristic of Jungian, rather than Freudian, psychotherapy? a) Amplification b) Static imagination c) Free association d) Single-dream interpretation

A

Which of the following components of psychotherapy is characteristic of Jungian, rather than Freudian, psychotherapy? a) Confession b) A detached, "blank slate" therapist c) Free association d) Interpretation of the latent content of dreams

B

Which of the following is the best example of synchronicity? a) Both Alice and Ted opened their mouths to speak at the same time. b) Just as Yasmeen passed the shop of the new shoemaker, her heel broke. c) On his way home, Nicholas found two $1 bills lying next to each other on the sidewalk. d) The 12 o'clock whistle reminded Ron that he hadn't eaten since the night before.

a

Who coined the term transpersonal? a) Jung b) Freud c) Rogers d) Maslow

A

Why did Jung wish to avoid the terms mind and mental? a) He felt that they implied consciousness. b) He associated them with mental disorders. c) He thought they were too inclusive. d) He considered them to be lay descriptions of psychological constructs.

A

Within a brief period, Ari got married and lost his job. According to Jung, he is most likely to experience dissonance regarding his a) persona. b) anima. c) animus. d) shadow.

D

19. "Too much of the animal distorts the civilized man," said Jung. What Jungian concept best illustrates this "animal" side of man? a) The anima b) The animus c) The persona d) The shadow

B

A symbol that appears in all cultures and that represents our striving for self-realization and wholeness is the a) anima. b) mandala. c) persona. d) shadow.

A

A universal thought form found in the collective unconscious that predisposes a person to react to the world in certain ways is called a(n) a) archetype. b) complex. c) symbol. d) function.

C

According to Jung, a phenomenon in which events are related to one another through simultaneity and meaning is best described as a) coincidence. b) parapsychology. c) synchronicity. d) teleology.

B

According to Jung, knowing that a person is introverted allows us to surmise that he or she a) has a weak superego. b) has the potential to be an extravert. c) is more impulsive than the extravert. d) is oriented to the objective world.

A

Ana, a patient in Jungian analysis, has become increasingly aware of her shadow. In other words, Ana has become increasingly aware of the a) "devil" within her personality. b) masculine side of her personality. c) meaning of her dreams. d) impact of her relationships with her parents on her adult life.

D

Andrew is oriented inward to the subjective world, whereas Julie is oriented outward to the objective world. Jungians would describe Andrew as an ______ and Julie as an _________. a) anima; animus b) animus; anima c) extravert; introvert d) introvert; extravert

A

As a very private person who was always searching for relationships and meanings in past and future events, Jung classified himself as a(n) a) intuitive introvert. b) thinking extravert. c) feeling introvert. d) sensing extravert.

c

Because he wished to avoid terms such as mind and mental, Jung referred to which of the following as the total personality? a) Complex b) Persona c) Psyche d) Ego

C

Brian likes to deal with facts and reality, whereas Binod looks for relationships and meaning. Jungians would describe Brian as a(n) _______ and Binod as a(n) ________. a) thinker; feeler b) feeler; thinker c) sensor; intuitor d) intuitor; sensor

C

How does Jung's concept of libido differ from Freud's? a) Jung viewed libido as energy that is primarily sexual in nature. b) In Jung's theory, libido must be correlated with a specific situation. c) Jung viewed libido as psychic energy invested in any activity. d) In Jung's theory, libido develops at the end of childhood.

C

How does Jung's method of amplification compare with the Freudian approach to dream interpretation? a) Both techniques ask the patient to free-associate the dream elements. b) Freud concentrated on dream series; Jung dealt with single dreams. c) In Jung's method, no precise effort is made to separate manifest and latent contents. d) Only Freud made frequent reference to mythology and fairy tales in interpreting dreams.

C

How would Jung have classified a movie star who lives for public adulation, is constantly seeking new pleasurable experiences, and who is also practical in her quest for career-enhancing publicity and lucrative projects? a) As a feeling introvert b) As an intuiting introvert c) As a sensing extravert d) As a thinking extravert

B

In Jung's personal unconscious, experiences are grouped into a) archetypes. b) complexes. c) values. d) functions.

A

In reaching conclusions, the ________ prefers to use logic and impersonal analysis, whereas the ________ is more concerned with personal values. a) thinker; feeler b) feeler; thinker c) sensor; intuitor d) intuitor; sensor