Tissues Exam 2

onnective tissue fibers that have great tensile strength and can be found in ligaments and tendons are _______________

collagenous fibers

Long bones such as the humerus have solid external walls of ____________ bone, with ____________ bone found primarily within the epiphyses.

compact;spongy

Which of the following does not accurately describe spongy bone?

contains slightly larger osteons than compact bone

The kidney tubules are lined with _____ epithelial cells

cuboidal

Yellow bone marrow contains a large proportion of

fatty tissue

The type of cartilage found in intervertebral disks of the vertebral column is ________________.

fibrocartilage

_____________ossification produces the flat bones of the skull, some of the facial bones, the mandible, and the central part of the clavicle.

intramembranous

Vertebrae are classified as

irregular bone

Which of these is not a connective tissue?

muscle

A typical bone has which of the following major sets of blood vessels?

nutrient, metaphyseal, and periosteal

Which bone cells secrete osteoid (the initial semisolid form of bone matrix)?

osteoblasts

____________ produce new bone, while ____________ resorb bone.

osteoblasts;ostoclasts

Which of the following are components of compact bone, but not of an osteon? A) perforating canals and circumferential lamellae B) central canal and concentric lamellae C) osteocytes, lacunae, and canaliculi D) all of the above are parts of an osteon

perforating canals and circumferential lamellae

What function do fibroblasts serve in connective tissue?

secrete proteins that become fibers in the connective tissue matrix

Tiny, seed-shaped bones along the tendons of some muscles are classified as

sesamoid bones/short bones

The term _____ refers to the fact that an epithelial tissue has only one layer of cells.

simple

Microvilli, which function to increase surface area, are more likely to be found in ____________ epithelium.

simple columnar

What type of tissue is found on the surface of the ovaries?

simple cuboidal

The cells lining blood vessels and the lung alveoli are classed as _____ epithelium.

simple squamous

Which muscle tissue is multinucleate, voluntary, and bears striations?

skeletal muscle

The lining of the vagina is covered with _____ cells.

stratified squamous

he outer layer of the skin is composed of ______________________

stratified squamous epithelium

Functions of cartilage include

supporting soft tissues, providing a gliding surface at articulations, and providing a model for the formation of most bones

T/F: Epithelial cells may have cilia or processes called microvilli on their surfaces.

T

T/F: Epithelial tissues cover the outside as well as line the inside of the human organism.

T

T/F: Tendons are among the strongest structures in the body and are comprised of dense connective tissue.

T

Fibrocartilage is found in

intervertebral disks, pubic symphysis

Bone remodeling normally involves which of the following?

A) changes in bone architecture and the skeleton's total mineral deposits B) activity at both the periosteal and endosteal surfaces of a bone C) continual deposition and removal of bone tissue

The endosteum

A) covers all internal surfaces of a bone, such as the medullary cavity B) is active during bone growth, repair, and remodeling C) is an incomplete cellular membrane

Aging affects bone tissue in which of the following ways?

A) tensile strength decreases and bones become brittle B) bones demineralize and become thinner and weaker

Select the correct statement about bone. A) Bone stores, but does not release, inorganic salts. B) Bone cells (osteocytes) are dead in mature bone. C) Bone is a very metabolically active tissue. D) Elderly people cannot rebuild bone.

Bone is a very metabolically active tissue.

All of the following occur during appositional bone growth except A) osteoblasts in the periosteum lay down layers of bone matrix B) the bone widens as the number of circumferential lamellae increases C) growth occurs primarily in the cartilage of the epiphyseal plates D) osteoclasts expand the medullary cavity by resorbing bone matrix

C

Sensory nerves innervate which parts of a bone? A) the bone matrix and marrow cavity B) the periosteum and endosteum C) both a and b D) neither a nor b

C

Epithelial tissue is characterized by each of these traits, except that ____________. A) it lacks blood vessels B) it functions in secretion, absorption, and excretion C) epithelial cells are loosely packed and have much intercellular material D) it is anchored to a basement membrane

C. epithelial cells are loosely packed and have much intercellular material

T/F: Keratin is a protein found in skin cells that allows them to retain their pliable and soft texture.

F

T/F: The digestive tract is lined internally mainly with stratified cuboidal cells.

F

T/F: he oviducts are lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells which help propel the egg cells.

F

As with cartilage growth, a long bone's growth in length is called

Interstitial growth

The only major type of tissue specialized for movement is the _____ tissue

Muscle

Dietary factors necessary for normal bone growth include

Vitamins A, C and D

An exocrine gland that loses small parts of its cell bodies during secretion, as is the case for the mammary gland, is further classified as a(n) ____________ gland.

apocrine

Choosing from the following list of connective tissues, which one consists of cells in a fluid matrix?

blood

Hemopoiesis is the process of

blood cell production

Which of the following is a thyroid gland hormone that encourages calcium deposition from blood into bone and inhibits osteoclast activity?

calcitonin

One of the main functions associated with simple squamous epithelium is _____.

diffusion

In flat bones of the skull, a region of ____________ is sandwiched between two layers of compact bone.

diploe

What is broken in a Colles fracture?

distal end of the radius

Interstitial growth of a bone occurs in the

epiphyseal plate

At each end of a long bone is an expanded, knobby region called the

epiphysis

The cells that directly and specifically secrete mucus are called _____ cells

goblet

Through the process of endochondral ossification, a fetal ____________ model transforms into bone

hyaline cartilage

Which selection correctly pairs the type of cartilage with one of its locations in the body?

hyaline cartilage;trachea

What type of tissue holds most organs together?

loose connective

Connective tissue is complex because it has a variety of cells and a noncellular background called a_____ surrounding them.

matrix

he primary purpose of stratification, or layering, in epithelial tissue is for increased _____________

protection

Epithelium that appears layered due to the varying levels at which nuclei are found in cells, but in reality is not layered, is _________________.

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Stimulated by sex hormones, bone growth accelerates dramatically at the time of

puberty

Connective tissues are somewhat similar to epithelial tissues in all of these characteristics except ___________________. A) they have abundant intercellular material B) they can usually reproduce themselves C) they often serve more than one function D) they occur throughout the body

they have abundant intercellular material

A typical example of a long bone is the

tibia

What type of epithelium lines the urinary bladder and is capable of distention?

transitional epithelium

Neuroglial cells help neurons in each of these ways, with the exception of __________

transmitting nervous impulses

Functions of bone include all of the following except A) storage of mineral and energy reserves B) transport of materials C) production of blood cells D) support and protection

transport of materials