Traumatoloy Midterm 2 Questions
If a If a force is not sufficient to cause a skull fracture, an intracranial injury cannot oc
False
True or False: Injuries to the lower extremities are less frequent when playing on smooth artificial turf as compared with natural grass playing field
False
True or False: Stress fracture can be ruled out if X-ray radiograph is negative
False
True or False: Ultrasound therapy can be applied to lessen pain in both acute and chronic tendonitis
False
True or False? A lumbar fracture at the L5 level could be catastrophic if a bony fragment pierces the spinal cord, and could result in total nerve disruption distal to that site
False
True or False? Blood in the urine always indicates a serious internal injury to the kidneys or bladder
False
True or False? During a soccer game, an athlete falls and strikes their head on the ground. The individual experiences confusion and a mild headache. Within a few minutes, the confusion is no longer apparent. The athlete should be permitted to return to play
False
True or False? If the median nerve is damaged in a forearm fracture, the individual will have tingling or numbness on the dorm of the hand and fingers
False
True or False? In an epidural hematoma, brain injury is usually not substantial, and signs and symptoms may not be present for 24 hours or more after injury
False
True or False? Individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy commonly have an arm span greater than height
False
True or False? Nearly 80% of all rectus abdomens strains in which the epigastric artery is damaged occur about 2 inches superior to the umbilicus
False
True or False? Spinal rotation capability in greatest in the lower lumbar region
False
True or False? The lumbar region permits the largest cumulative range of motion in flexion/extension with 46 degrees, compared with 16 degrees in the thoracic region
False
True or False? The most commonly dislocated in the wrist is the scaphoid
False
True or False? The most commonly herniated discs are the lower two lumbar discs, with ruptures occuring on the anterior or anterolateral aspect of the disc
False
True or False? The treatment of choice for a ganglion cyst is aspiration
False
True or False? In a subacute subdural hematoma, brain injury is usually not substantial, and signs and symptoms may not be present for 24 hours or more after injury
True
True or False? In individuals under 30 years of age, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of sudden death
True
True or False? Isotonic exercise is the most natural type of resistant movement
True
True or False? Muscle Strengthening is the single most effective physical conditioning for reducing risk of sports injuries
True
True or False? Physical conditioning includes strengthening muscle, increasing flexibility, and increasing cardiovascular endurance
True
True or False? Spondylolysis may result from repetitive trunk extension and rotation
True
True or False? Stenosing tenosynovitis at the wrist typically involves the abductor pollicis longs and extensor pollicis brevis
True
True or False? The anterior root of a spinal nerve is responsible for motor function; the posterior root is responsible for sensory function.
True
True or False? The inability of the pupils to accommodate to light is a possible indication of head trauma
True
True or False? The right and left pedicles have notches on their superior and inferior borders, providing openings for the spinal nerves to pass through
True
True or False? The zygapophyseal joints restrict anterior translation of the vertebral column
True
True or False? With an elbow dislocation, the arm is frequently held in flexion with the forearm appearing shortened
True
True or False? the right and left pedicles have notches on their superior and inferior borders, providing openings for the spinal nerves to pass through
True
True or False: A positive "coffee cup" test could be indicative of lateral epicondylitis
True
True or False: In an extended position, the olecranon process and the two epicondyles form a straight line
True
True or False? A score of 9 to 11 on the Glasgow Coma Scale indicates a moderate injury
True
True or False? An individual of 20 to 50 year old should exercise at or above 75% of maximum heart rate for cardiovascular endurance
True
True or False? Axial compression loading has been identified as the leading mechanism of injury for severe cervical spine injuries
True
True or False? Axial loading on the wrist is the leading cause of fractures and dislocations at the distal forearm, wrist and hand
True
True or False? Because the interverterbal discs are avascular, they rely on changes in posture and body position to produce a pumping action to bring in nutrients
True
True or False? Bradydypnea is a potential sign of increased intracranial press
True
True or False? If a cervical distraction test is positive, it suggests compression of facet joint/stenosis
True
True or False? In a concussion, physiological cerebral dysfunction can occur in the absence of damage to brain tissue
True
Which one of the following value is the maximal SV of a typical endurance athlete: a) 179 ml b) 100 ml c) 250 ml d) none of the above
a) 179 ml
When does the epiphyseal plate of the medial clavicle close? a) 25 years of age b) 15 years of age c) 18 years of age d) 16 years of age
a) 25 years of age
In order to find the maximal weight one can life for 10 times in a set (10 repetition maximum), one simply takes ____ percent of 1 repetition maximum a) 70 b) 60 c) 50 d) 40
a) 70
The brachial plexus injury usually affects what nerve roots of the plexus? a) C5-C6 b) C6-C7 c) C7-C8 d) C8-T1
a) C5-C6
Voluntary contraction of a stretched muscle at the end of a stretch can lead to relaxation of the same muscles due to a) Golgi organ initiated reflex b) muscle-spindle initiated reflex c) "stress relaxation" in connective tissues d) none of the above
a) Golgi organ initiated reflex
Cardiac drift: a) a decline in SV along with a rise of HR during prolonged steady-rate b) likely caused by a reduction in end-diastolic volume c) related to fatigue d) all of the above are correct
a) a decline in SV along with a rise of HR during prolonged steady-rate
In sports and physical activity, a hemothorax is most often a secondary condition associated with: a) a rib fracture b) strain of pectorals major c) tension pneumothorax d) traumatic asphyxia
a) a rib fracture
The ligament that resists independent upward movement of the distal clavicle is the: a) acromioclavicular b) coracoclavicular c) costoclavicular d) sternoclavicular
a) acromioclavicular
Gynecomastia can be a result of: a) anabolic steroid use b) increased weight lifting c) amino acid use d) overdeveloped pectorals muscles
a) anabolic steroid use
Rebound pain over the lower right quadrant with referred pain to the lower back may indicate: a) appendicitis b) ruptured bladder c) ruptured spleen d) hernia
a) appendicitis
Speed's test is used to test what condition of the shoulder area? a)bicipital tendinitis b) rotator cuff impingement c) AC sprain d) rotator cuff tear
a) bicipital tendinitis
Spinal rotation capability is greatest in the __ region a) cervical b) mid thoracic c) lower thoracic d) lumbosacral
a) cervical
When disc nuclear material moves into the spinal canal and impinges on adjacent nerve roots, it is called a(n): a) extruded disc b) herniated disc c) prolapsed disc d) sequestrated disc
a) extruded disc
Which one of the following processes is part of the aging change in an intervertebral disk? a) fibrosis b) loss collagen c) increase in water content d) none of the above
a) fibrosis
Valgus stress force frequently lead to: a) flexor-pronator muscle strain b) extensor-supinator muscle strain c) radial collateral ligament injury d) anterior capsulitis
a) flexor-pronator muscle strain
Raccoon eyes are characteristic of which of the following injuries? a) fracture of the anterior cranial fossa and sinuses b) fracture of the ethmoid bone c) fracture of the floor of the occiput d) fracture of the nasal region
a) fracture of the anterior cranial fossa and sinuses
back pain can result from having a weakened disk with annulus fibrosis erosion: a) greater than half of its width b) less than half of its width c) both a and b are true d) none of the above are true
a) greater than half of its width
The main function of the rotator cuff muscles is to: a) hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa b) perform abduction and external rotation c) perform abduction and internal rotation d) facilitate scapulothoracic motions
a) hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa
Endurance training has the following effects EXCEPT: a) increase in maximal heart rate b) increase in stroke volume c) slower rise in HR as Vo2 consumption increases d) all of the above are correct
a) increase in maximal heart rate
If one wants to engage in high speed resistant weight training, he or she should perform a) isokinetic weight training b) isometric weight training c) isotonic weight training d) all of the above
a) isokinetic weight training
Which of the following statements about the subarachnoid space is true? a) it contains cerebrospinal fluid b) it is between dura mater and arachnoid membrane c) it contains meningeal arteries d) none of the above
a) it contains cerebrospinal fluid
The ____ is associated with serratus anterior weakness or winged scapula a) long thoracic nerve b) rhomboid muscle c) lattisimus dorsi muscle d) sub thoracic nerve
a) long thoracic nerve
Flexion of the DIP and PIP joints tests damage to which nerve: a) median b) radial c) ulnear d) volar
a) median
Localized area of blindness and migraine headaches are common symptoms of: a) post traumatic headaches b) second-impact syndrome c) basilar fracture d) post concussion syndrome
a) post traumatic headaches
The ______ aspect of the disc is most likely to herniate a) posteriolateral b) anterior c) posterior d) lateral
a) posterior lateral
Questioning an athlete after a head injury regarding their means of arrival to the game, the quarter of their injury, and the day of the week is testing the individual's: a) retrograde memory b) mental acuity c) level of consciousness d) anterograde memory
a) retrograde memory
Intra-articular swelling prevents: a) rotator cuff tear b) cervical plexus injury c) acromioclavicular separation d) thoracic outlet syndrome
a) rotator cuff tear
Penetrating heat therapies include a) short-wave diathermy, microwave diathermy, and ultrasound therapy b) water immersion bath and whirlpool bath c) contrast baths d) paraffin bath
a) short-wave diathermy, microwave diathermy, and ultrasound therapy
A fracture of the pars interarticularis is termed: a) spondylosis b) spear tackler's spine c) spinal stenosis d) spondylolisthesis
a) spondylosis
Pain radiating to the left shoulder and arm could signal damage to the: a) stomach b) spleen c) pancreas d) liver
a) stomach
The _______ bursa may be irritated when repeatedly compressed during the overhand throwing motion a) subacromial b) subscapularis c) biceps d) subcoracoid
a) subacromial
Which of the following might predispose an individual to a hernia? a) weakness in the inguinal lining b) weak abdominal muscles c) excessive constipation d) chronic bladder infections
a) weakness in the inguinal lining
After the first episode of a grade II concussion, the individual may return to play: a) when asymptomatic for 1 week b) that day c) the next day d) never; terminate the season
a) when asymptomatic for 1 week
The anterior translation between vertebrae during flexion is limited primarily by a) zygapophyseal joints b) supra spinal ligament c) interspinous ligament d) back muscle
a) zygapophyseal joints
Rotation exceeding ________ between two adjacent vertebrae can tear the intervertebral disk. a) 1 degree b) 3 degrees c) 5 degrees d) 7 degrees
b) 3 degrees
The biceps reflex includes which of the following dermatomes? a) C1-C3 b) C5-C6 c) C7 d) C4
b) C5-C6
A test used to determine possible de Quervain's tenosynovitis is the: a) carpal tunnel compression test b) Finkelstein's test c) Froment's test d) Phalen's test
b) Finkelstein's test
The soft tissue layers of the head can be summarized in an acronym SCALP in which A refers to: a) arteries b) aponeuroses c)amorphous d) absent-minded
b) aponeurosis
An athlete reports with his head turned to the right side and supporting his right arm with the left arm. What injury should be suspected? a) scapular fracture b) clavicular fracture c) torn biceps tendon d) brachial plexus injury
b) clavicular fracture
Most injuries to the rotator cuff occur during which phase of throwing? a) cocking phase b) deceleration phase c) acceleration phase d) stride phase
b) deceleration phase
An open fracture of the skull is defined as a fracture with concurrent laceration of a) skin b) dura mater c) arachnoid membrane d) none of the above
b) dura mater
Compared with resting condition, blood supply increases in following tissues during exercise EXCEPT: a) brain b) heart c) skin d) intestine
b) heart
"I" in the SAID principle is a) important b) imposed c) immobilization d) imbalance
b) imposed
The bone most commonly dislocated during axial loading on an extended wrist is the: a) capitate b) lunate c) scaphoid d) triquetrum
b) lunate
Reflex contraction of hamstring muscle when it is being passively stretched is caused by a pain receptor in the muscle a) pain receptors in the muscle b) muscle spindles c) Golgi tendon organs d) none of the above
b) muscle spindles
Which of the following is not a rotator cuff muscle? a) teres minor b) pectoralis major c) supraspinatus d) subscapularis
b) pectoralis major
Extension of the thumb and fingers tests damage to the: a) median nerve b) radial nerve c) ulnar nerve d) volar nerve
b) radial nerve
Actions involving stimulation of a motor neurone by a sensory neutron in the spinal cord without involvement of the brain are called: a) cauda equina b) reflexes c) segmental nerves d) spinal nerves
b) reflexes
Bikers may develop transient paresthesia of the penis, resulting from pressure to what nerve? a) penile nerve b) pudendal nerve c) scrotal nerve d) testicular nerve
b) spleen
Narrowing of the intervertebral foramen is called: a) fusion b) stenosis c) sciatica d) none of the above
b) stenosis
In the proprioreceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching, one tries to avoid or minimize: a) Golgi tendon reflex b) stretch reflex (muscle spindle reflex) c) reciprocal inhibition d) lengthening reaction
b) stretch reflex
The coracoclavicular joint is a ____ joint, formed by the binding together of the coracoid process of the scapula and the inferior surface of the clavicle by the coracoclavicular ligament a) diarthrotic b) syndesmosis c) gliding d) synovial
b) syndesmosis
A positive valgus stress at 15 to 20 degrees of elbow flexion often indicates: a) tear to the radial collateral ligament b) tear to the ulnar collateral ligament c) tear to the pronators d) tear to the biceps brachii
b) tear to the ulnar collateral ligament
Runners are often at risk for low back pain due to: a) tight hip extensors and quadricep muscles b) tight hip flexors and hamstrings muscles c) tight abdominal muscles d) tight back muscles
b) tight hip flexors and hamstrings muscles
The spinal column injury resulting in an anterior displacement is referred to as: a) spondylolysis b) spondylolisthesis c) spina bifida d) none of the above
b) zygapophyseal joints
The middle finger is the dermatome for: a) C5 b) C6 c) C7 d) C8
c) C7
The Glasgow Coma Scale evaluates which of the following i) motor response ii) verbal response iii) reflexes iv) sensory response v) eye opening response a) I, II and III b) I, II and IV c) I, II and V d) IV and V
c) I, II and V
The top of the iliac crest is the landmark for which vertebra? a) T12 b) L2 c) L4 d) S1
c) L4
Apley's scratch test is used primarily to determine: a) rotator cuff pathology b) ROM of flexion/extension c) ROM of internal and external rotation d) inferior glenohumeral dislocations
c) ROM of internal and external rotation
All of the following are characteristics of a biceps brachia rupture, except: a) history of a sudden eccentric load b) tenderness in the antecubital fossa c) ability to flex the elbow and supinate the forearm d) inability to palpate the biceps tendon
c) ability to flex the elbow and supinate the forearm
Pylometric Contraction is more powerful due to: a) muscle spindle reflex b) more cross-bridge formation c) both a and b d) none of the above
c) both a and b
The flexion of the vertebral column consists movements of: a) anterior translation b) anterior rotation c) both a. and b. d) none of the above
c) both a. and b.
The weight to be borne by zygopophyseal joints increases if: a) the vertebral column is extended b) the intervertebral disks are thinned c) both a. and b. d) none of the above
c) both a. and b.
The riskiest movement of the vertebral column for intervertebral disk injury is: a) flexion b) rotation c) combination of flexion and extension d) extension
c) combination of flexion and extension
Crepitus about the shoulder could indicate all but which of the following, except: a) inflamed subacromial bursa b) biceps tenosynovitis c) deltoid myositis ossificans d) irregular articular surface
c) deltoid myositis ossificans
During a brachial plexus injury, muscular weakness is evident in the: a) internal rotators and deltoid b) external rotators and deltoid c) external rotators, deltoid, and biceps brachii d) internal rotators, deltoid, and biceps brachii
c) external rotators, deltoid, and biceps brachii
A boxer's fracture is a fracture of the: a) first phalanx b) fourth metacarpal c) fifth metacarpal d) second metacarpal
c) fifth metacarpal
While performing the Yergason's test, the elbow is: a) in a neutral position b) in full flexion c) flexed about 90 degrees d) in full extension
c) flexed about 90 degrees
A rupture of the biceps tendon is usually associated with: a) elbow hyperextension b) elbow hyperflexion c) forceful shoulder flexion against excessive resistance d) forceful shoulder against excessive resistance
c) forceful shoulder flexion against excessive resistance
Irritation of the radioulnar syndesmosis is associated with: a) pronator syndrome b) wrist drop c) forearm splints d) compression syndrome
c) forearm splints
The benefits of stretching include the following EXCEPT: a) an increase in functional range of motion b) reduction in the incidence and severity of injury c) increasing muscle strength d) improvement in posture and muscle symmetry
c) increasing muscle strength
What artery is commonly injured in a head injury, and, if torn, can lead to an epidural hematoma? a) facial artery b) vertebral artery c) middle meningeal artery d) anterior cerebral artery
c) middle meningeal artery
Dead arm syndrome is associated with: a) shoulder impingement b) frozen shoulder subluxation c) recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation d) acromioclavicular separation
c) recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation
Which of the following body position is NOT preferred by a patient with a disk related back pain? a) lying on the back with bended kness b) standing straight c) sitting position d) lying on the back
c) sitting position
An uncomplicated dislocation of the PIP joint is managed by splinting the joint in: a) complete extension b) 10 degrees of flexion c) 20 degrees of flexion d) 30 degrees of flexion
d) 30 degrees of flexion
A pulse pressure greater than ____ mm Hg indicates intracranial bleeding a) 20 b) 30 c) 40 d) 50
d) 50
Which of the following is not a closed kinetic chain exercise for the shoulder? a) wall push-ups b) floor push-ups c) step-ups using the Stairmaster d) Codman's pendulum
d) Codman's pendulum
Hyperemia is: a) Raynaud's phenomenon b) hemoglobinuria c) cyanosis d) a condition of increased blood flow to a local area
d) a condition of increased blood flow to a local area
The middle portion of the deltoid is responsible for what motion? a) flexion, horizontal adduction b) extension, horizontal adduction c) flexion and extension d) abduction, horizontal abduction
d) abduction, horizontal abduction
Lumbar facet pathology may involve: a) sublimation or dislocation of the facet b) facet joint syndrome c) degeneration of the facet d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Pylometic exercise has the following features: a) stretch and contraction via a series of jumping and hopping b) engages maximal power contraction c) increase flexibility and power d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Which of the following is NOT a primary elbow flexor? a) brachialis b) brachioradialis c) biceps brachii d) coracobrachialis
d) coracobrachialis
Maximum shearing force of the glenohumeral joint has been found when the arm is _____ to approximately _____. a) rotated, 60 degrees b) rotated, 90 degrees c) rotated, 120 degrees d) elevated, 60 degrees
d) elevated, 60 degrees
A sprain of the ulnar collateral ligament of the MP joint of the thumb, caused by forceful abduction of the thumb while the thumb is extended, is called: a) baseball thumb b) boutonniere thumb c) bowler's thumb d) gamekeeper's thumb
d) gamekeeper's thumb
An athlete with a distal clavicle fracture may exhibit clinical signs and symptoms similar to those of: a) subacromial bursitis b) rotator cuff tendonitis c) an acromioclavicular sprain d) impingement
d) impingement
Muscle Strength Training in Rehabilitation should the following order: a) isotonic, isometric, and isokinetic exercises b) PNF exercise, isokinetic exercise, and isotonic exercise c) isokinetic, isometric, and isotonic exercises d) isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic exercise
d) isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic exercise
The flexor carpi ulnas and flexor digitorum superficialis provide significant stability to the _________ elbow during throwing activities a) anterior b) posterior c) lateral d) medial
d) medial
Which of the following conditions can predispose an individual to injuries of the spleen? a) cirrhosis b) eating right before competition c) hematuria d) mononucleosis
d) mononucleosis
During extension of the back, the spinous process may impact on the: a) lamina b) zygapophyseal process c) intervertebral column d) none of the above
d) none of the above
Safe, resembling natural movements, and providing resistance that matches changes in muscle strength throughout full range of motion are characters of: a) isometric strength training b) isotonic strength training c) isokinetic strength training d) none of the above
d) none of the above
Which of the following lists the proper order of the meningeal layers, beginning with the tissue nearest to the brain? a) arachnoid, pia mater, dura mater b) arachnoid, dura mater, pia mater c) dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater d) pia mater, arachnoid, dura mater
d) pia mater, arachnoid, dura mater
Which of the following signs or symptoms would not indicate a cervical spine injury? a) muscular weakness in extremities b) absent or weak reflexes c) sensory changes in the upper clavicular area d) positive Babinski test result
d) positive Babinski test result
After receiving a blow to the sternum, an athlete has difficulty swallowing, a diminished pulse, and hoarseness. What injury may have occurred? a) glenohumeral dislocation b) fracture of the sternum c) fractured clavicle d) posterior displacement of the clavicle
d) posterior displacement of the clavicle
Compression due to hypertrophy of the ________ can impinge on the median nerve, leading to weakness in the finger flexors a) brachialis b) flexor carpi radialis c) flexor carpi ulnaris d) pronator teres
d) pronator teres
Which of the following signs and symptoms is characteristic of a grade III concussion? a) decortication b) post concussion syndrome c) post traumatic memory loss d) retrograde amnesia
d) retrograde amnesia
The first sign of testicular cancer is a(n): a) appearance of a bright red discoloration b) appearance of a cluster of swollen arteries c) appearance of a cluster of swollen veins with a dragging feeling in the scrotum d) slightly enlarged testicle and change in consistency
d) slightly enlarged testicle and change in consistency
A sharp pain or spasm in the chest wall on the lower right side that occurs during exertion is called a: a) liver contusion b) pneumothorax c) solar plexus stitch d) stich in the side
d) stich in the side
An individual reports numbness in the side of the neck, which extends across the shoulder and down the medial arm to the ulnar aspect of the hand, accompanied by weakness in grasp and atrophy of hand musculature. What injury should be suspected? a) rotator cuff tear b) cervical plexus injury c) acromioclavicular separation d) thoracic outlet syndrome
d) thoracic outlet syndrome
The muscle responsible for compression of the abdominal contents and aiding in forced experation is the: a) external oblique b) internal oblique c) rectus abdominis d) transerve abdominis
d) transerve abdominis
The recommended minimum exercise for maintenance of health include the following except: a) vigorous walking for 30 min, 5 days per week b) or jogging for 20 min, 3 days per week c) weight training, 2 times per week d) walking 60 min, 2 days per week
d) walking 60 min, 2 days per week
True or False: Resisted wrist extension and radial deviation are used to test for common extensor tendinitis
true
True or False? "Gymnast's wrist" is a stress injury to the distal radial epiphyseal plate
true
True or False? The nerve root for the brachioradialis reflex is C6
true