Tri 1 DAA-Lecture exam 3
There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves.
12
There are _____ pairs of spinal nerves.
31
The ascending tracts of the spinal cord are ______ tracts. A. sensory B. motor
A
The descending tracts of the spinal cord are ______ tracts. A. motor B. sensory
A
The dural sac ends at ________ A. S2-S3 B. L5-S1 C. L1-L2 D. the coccyx
A
Which of the following fiber types are associated with sensory from skin, bones, and joints? A. GSA B. GVA C. GSE D. GVE
A
Which of the following nerves innervates the parotid gland? A. CN IX B. CN VIII C. CN VI D. CN X
A
When comparing the sympathetic nervous system to the parasympathetic nervous system, which of the following characteristics are true regarding the parasympathetic nervous system? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. typically highly localized control over effectors B. typically short-lived effects C. typically long-lasting effects D. effects are more global/body wide
AB
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the long thoracic nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. C6 B. C7 C. C5 D. C8 E. T1
ABC
When a preganglionic axon enters the sympathetic chain, it can _______. (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. pass through the sympathetic chain without synapsing there B. ascend to synapse with a postganglionic neuron in another ganglion C. synapse with a postganglionic neuron at the level it entered the chain D. descend to synapse with a postganglionic neuron in another ganglion
ABCD
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the radial nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. C5 B. C8 C. C6 D. T1 E. C7
ABCDE
Which of the following spinal nerve roots contribute to the brachial plexus? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. C8 B. T1 C. C6 D. C5 E. C7
ABCDE
Which of the following are the sensory branches of the cervical plexus? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. lesser occipital nerve B. supraclavicular nerve C. transverse cervical nerve D. ansa cervicalis E. greater auricular nerve
ABCE
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the common peroneal nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. L5 B. S1 C. S2 D. S3 E. L4
ABCE
Which of the following are included in the peripheral nervous system? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. cranial nerves B. ganglia C. the brain D. spinal nerves E. the spinal cord
ABD
Which of the following make up the anterior border of the vertebral (neural) canal? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. vertebral body B. the posterior longitudinal ligament C. laminae D. IVD E. the ligamentum flavum
ABD
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the femoral nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. L4 B. L2 C. L1 D. L3
ABD
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the median nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. C6 B. C7 C. C5 D. T1 E. C8
ABDE
Which of the following are part of the brainstem? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. medulla oblongata B. thalamus C. midbrain D. pons
ACD
Which of the following are the structural components of a neuron? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. cell body (soma) B. ganglia C. axon D. dendrites
ACD
Which of the following make up the anterior border of the vertebral (neural) canal? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. IVD B. the ligamentum flavum C. vertebral body D. laminae E. the posterior longitudinal ligament
ACE
Which of the following are included in the peripheral nervous system? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. ganglia B. the spinal cord C. the brain D. spinal nerves E. cranial nerves
ADE
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the musculocutaneous nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. C5 B. C8 C. T1 D. C7 E. C6
ADE
Parasympathetic fibers synapsing at the submandibular ganglion innervate the _______. A. lacrimal gland B. sublingual salivary glands C. thoracic and abdominal viscera D. pupil and intrinsic smooth muscles of the eye E. parotid salivary gland
B
The spinal nerve that exits the vertebral column between the T1 and T2 vertebral levels is the ______ spinal nerve. A. C7 B. T1 C. T2 D. C8
B
Which of the following fiber type carries sensory information for taste smell? A. SVE B. SVA C. GVE D. SSA
B
Which of the following fiber types are associated with sensory from viscera and blood vessels? A. GSE B. GVA C. GVE D. GSA
B
Which of the following is true regarding GVE fibers? A. they carry mechanoreception signals to the CNS B. they provide motor innervation to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands C. they carry chemoreception signals to the CNS D. they develop from neural crest cells
B
Which of the following statements about the white rami communicantes is true? A. they are carrying both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers B. a preganglionic sympathetic fiber can be found here going from the spinal cord to the sympathetic chain C. a preganglionic sympathetic fiber can be found here going from the sympathetic chain to the spinal cord D. they are found at every vertebral level throughout the spinal cord
B
The greater auricular, lesser occipital, transverse cervical, and supraclavicular nerves all carry which of the following fiber types? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. GVE B. GSA C. GVA D. GSE
BC
When comparing the sympathetic nervous system to the parasympathetic nervous system, which of the following characteristics are true regarding the sympathetic nervous system? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. typically highly localized control over effectors B. typically long-lasting effects C. effects are more global/body wide D. typically short-lived effects
BC
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the axillary nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. C8 B. C6 C. C5 D. C7 E. T1
BC
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the supraclavicular nerves? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. C1 B. C4 C. C3 D. C2 E. C5
BC
Which of the following are adult derivatives of the hindbrain? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. 4th ventricle B. pons C. medulla D. cerebellum E. midbrain
BCD
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the inferior gluteal nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. L4 B. S1 C. S2 D. L5 E. S3
BCD
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the obturator nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. L1 B. L4 C. L2 D. L3
BCD
Which of the following statements are true regarding the trigeminal nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. The trigeminal nerve is also called the facial nerve. B. The V3 (mandibular division) of the trigeminal nerve passes through the foramen ovale. C. The V2 (maxillary division) of the trigeminal nerve passes through the foramen rotundum. D. The trigeminal nerve Innervates the medial pterygoid muscle.
BCD
Which of the following nerves branch off of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. dorsal scapular nerve B. thoracodorsal nerve C. upper subscapular nerve D. lower subscapular nerve E. axillary nerve
BCDE
Which of the following nerves branch off of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. dorsal scapular nerve B. upper subscapular nerve C. thoracodorsal nerve D. axillary nerve E. lower subscapular nerve
BCDE
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the pudendal nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. L4 and L5 B. S2 C. S3 D. S1 E. S4
BCE
Which of the following are body responses to parasympathetic stimulation? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. mydriasis B. constriction of bronchi (bronchoconstriction) C. diaphoresis D. miosis E. piloerection
BD
Which of the following are the functional divisions of the nervous system? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. peripheral nervous system B. somatic nervous system C. central nervous system D. visceral (autonomic) nervous system
BD
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the medial pectoral nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. C5 B. T1 C. C7 D. C8 E. C6
BD
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the ulnar nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. C5 B. C8 C. C6 D. T1 E. C7
BD
When comparing the sympathetic nervous system to the parasympathetic nervous system, which of the following characteristics are true regarding the parasympathetic nervous system? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. short preganglionic fibers, and long postganglionic fibers B. fibers can synapse in terminal ganglia C. fibers can synapse in paravertebral ganglia and/or prevertebral ganglia D. it does not innervate the skin or the extremities E. long preganglionic fibers, and short postganglionic fibers
BDE
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the lateral pectoral nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. T1 B. C7 C. C8 D. C6 E. C5
BDE
Parasympathetic fibers synapsing at the ciliary ganglion innervate the _______. A. parotid salivary gland B. lacrimal gland C. pupil and intrinsic smooth muscles of the eye D. thoracic and abdominal viscera E. submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
C
Which of the following fiber types are associated with motor to skeletal muscle? A. GSA B. GVA C. GSE D. GVE
C
Which of the following fiber types are associated with motor to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands? A. GSE B. GSA C. GVE D. GVA
C
When comparing the sympathetic nervous system to the parasympathetic nervous system, which of the following characteristics are true regarding the sympathetic nervous system? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. fibers can synapse in terminal ganglia B. it does not innervate the skin or the extremities C. fibers can synapse in paravertebral ganglia and/or prevertebral ganglia D. short preganglionic fibers, and long postganglionic fibers E. long preganglionic fibers, and short postganglionic fibers
CD
Which of the following are included in the central nervous system? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. spinal nerves B. ganglia C. the brain D. the spinal cord E. cranial nerves
CD
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (lateral cutaneous femoral, lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh)? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. L1 B. L4 C. L2 D. L3
CD
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the medial pectoral nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. C6 B. C7 C. C8 D. T1 E. C5
CD
Which of the following are body responses to sympathetic stimulation? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. miosis B. constriction of bronchi (bronchoconstriction) C. mydriasis D. diaphoresis E. piloerection
CDE
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the superior gluteal nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. S2 B. S3 C. L5 D. S1 E. L4
CDE
Parasympathetic fibers synapsing at the terminal ganglia (or intramural ganglia) associated with cranial nerve (CN) X innervate the _______. A. parotid salivary gland B. lacrimal gland C. Submandibular and sublingual salivary glands D. thoracic and abdominal viscera E. pupil and intrinsic smooth muscles of the eye
D
The cerebral aqueduct connects the _______________. A. lateral ventricles to each other B. choroid plexus to the third ventricle C. lateral ventricles to the third ventricle D. third ventricle to the fourth ventricle
D
The inferior end of the spinal cord is ____. A. just inferior to L1 in adults B. also called the conus medullaris C. just inferior to L3 in adults D. choices A and B are both correct E. choices B and C are both correct
D
The spinal nerve that exits the vertebral column between the T1 and T2 vertebral levels is the ______ spinal nerve. A. C8 B. T2 C. C7 D. T1
D
Which of the following fiber type carries sensory information from the eyes and ears? A. SVE B. SVA C. GVE D. SSA
D
Which of the following fiber type carries motor signals to SCM and trapezius? A. SSA B. GVE C. SVA D. SVE
D (aka brachial efferent: derived from pharyngeal arch mesoderm)
Which of the following nerve roots contribute to the suprascapular nerve? (MARK ALL CORRECT ANSWERS) A. T1 B. C8 C. C7 D. C6 E. C5
DE
Where are the cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic fibers found? A. the paravertebral ganglia B. the lateral horn of the spinal cord from T1 to L2 C. the preverterbal ganglia D. choices A and B are both correct E. choices A and C are both correct
E
True/False: The visceral motor neurons known as pre-ganglionic motor neurons arise from the neural tube.
True
Spina bifida is seen with a failure of the fusion of the ____ arch
Vertebral/ Neural/ Posterior
In regard to the terms afferent and efferent, the term used to describe a sensory neuron is _______
afferent
The nerve that will provide motor innervation to the omohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid muscles is the _______ _______.
ansa cervicalis
Hypaxial muscles are innervated by the _____ ramus of a spinal nerve.
anterior/ventral
At the _________ granulations , CSF is reabsorbed into venous blood of the dural venous sinuses
arachnoid
At the _________ granulations , CSF is reabsorbed into venous blood of the dural venous sinuses.
arachnoid
GVA fibers develop from neural _____ cells.
crest
The area of skin supplied by a single spinal cord level (spinal segment), or by a single pair of spinal nerves is known as a ___________.
dermatome
The alar plate of the developing embryo eventually becomes the _______ gray horn.
dorsal/posterior
Zygapophyseal joints are innervated by the _____ ramus of a spinal nerve.
dorsal/posterior
In regard to the terms afferent and efferent, the term used to describe a motor neuron is _______.
efferent
A collection of cell bodies outside of the central nervous system (CNS) is known as a _________.
ganglia/ganglion
The outer portion (cortex) of the brain is composed of tissue known as _________ matter
gray
The thick elevations in the cerebrum are known as _______.
gyri/gyrus
The 3 main functions of the nervous system are sensory input, motor output, and _________.
integration
Multipolar GVE neurons associated with the sympathetic nervous system are located in the _______ gray horn of the spinal cord.
lateral
The cutaneous branch of the musculocutaneous nerve that innervates the skin of the lateral forearm is the ________ __________ cutaneous nerve.
lateral antebrachial
The 3 major events during the neuronal developmental process are proliferation, differentiation, and _________.
migration
The portion of a skeletal muscle innervated by a single spinal cord level (spinal segment), or by a single pair of spinal nerves, is known as a ___________
myotome
The nervous tissue structure called the spinal _______ is the structure present at the junction of the dorsal root and ventral root.
nerve
Neurons that develop from _______ _______ _______ become sensory neurons (GSA, GVA).
neural crest cells
A collection of cell bodies within the central nervous system (CNS) is known as a _________.
nuclei
Multipolar GVE preganglionic neuron cell bodies associated with the parasympathetic nervous system are located in _______ in the brain stem and in sacral segments of the spinal cord from S2-S4.
nucleus/nuclei
The ______ nervous system is also called the craniosacral division of the autonomic nervous system.
parasympathetic
The cervical plexus nerve that carries sensory innervation from the pericardium is the ________ nerve.
phrenic
The medial and lateral _______ nerves innervate muscles of the foot and provide sensory innervation to the skin over the plantar surface of the foot.
plantar
The recurrent meningeal nerve innervates the _____ longitudinal ligament.
posterior
The meningeal ramus (recurrent meningeal nerve) of a spinal nerve innervates the _____ aspect of an IVD.
posterior/dorsal
The genitofemoral nerve pierces the belly of the ______ _______ muscle.
psoas major
The cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve that innervates the skin of the medial leg, ankle, and foot is the __________ nerve.
saphenous
The ______ nervous system is also called the thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system.
sympathetic
True/False: In the vertebral column the dura mater is not fused to bone.
true
True/false: All spinal nerves have gray rami communicantes.
true
GVE fibers develop from the lateral regions of the neural _____.
tube
The basal plate of the developing embryo eventually becomes the _______ gray horn
ventral/anterior
