True false questions CNS
The hard palate in the roof of the mouth is composed or A. palatine bones B. nasal conchae C. zygomatic bones D. maxilla E. Vomer
F
20. Which of the cranial nerve nuclei listed below are visceromotor (parasympathetic)? A. nucleus dorsalis nervi vagi B. n.salivatorius caudalis C. n.ambiguus D. n.nervi facialis E. n.solitarius
F
21. Postganglionic sympathetic neurons A. release neurotransmitter acetylcholine. B. have non-myelinated axons. C. send short fibers to the target organs. D. have slow-conducting fibers. E. supply skeletal muscles.
F
22. Regarding the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system A. acetylcholine is secreted by some sympathetic postganglionic fibers. B. most sympathetic preganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine (noradrenaline). C. sympathetic postganglionic neurons are found in spinal segments from TI to L2. D. the sympathetic chain extends from the thoracic to the sacral regions of the spinal cord. E. sympathetic preganglionic neurons are found in spinal lateral horns.
F
22. The glossopharyngeal nerve A. is entirely sensory. B. contains fibres associated with taste from the posterior third of the tongue. C. is the only sensory nerve from the mucous membrane of the pharynx. D. leaves the skull through the jugular foramen. E. is connected with the glossopharyngeal nucleus in the floor of the fourth ventricle.
F
23. The precentral gyrus A. is in the frontal lobe. B. is the only motor area of the cerebral cortex. C. has a cortex which is the same thickness as the cortex of the postcentral gyrus. D. in its lower part has neural connections with the lower part of the body. E. contains the giant pyramid cells of Betz.
F
24. On the cerebral hemisphere A. the area associated with general sensation is in the parietal lobe. B. the visual area is on the medial side of the occipital lobe. C. the auditory area is at the anterior end of the superior temporal gyrus . D. the motor speech area is in the superior frontal gyrus. E. the smell area is in the frontal lobe.
F
25. Cerebellar cortex has direct connections with A. vestibular nuclei B. forebrain cortex C. substantia nigra D. nucleus ambiguus E. red nucleus
F
25. The cranial accessory nerve A. is the main nerve supply of the muscles of the pharynx. B. joins the vagus above the jugular foramen. C. contains sensory fibres from the larynx. D. contains motor fibres from cell bodies forming a nucleus in the pons. E. emerges from the hindbrain lateral to the olive.
F
26. A. cerebri media A. is a direct extension of a. carotis interna B. separates branches for the basal nuclei of the brain. C. supplies the medial surface of the hemisphere. D. is connected with a. basilaris by a. communicans posterior. E. its branches pierce the substantia perforata posterior.
F
26. The internal capsule A. has a genu which is supplied by a branch of the anterior cerebral artery. B. contains corticopontine fibres in its anterior limb. C. contains corticospinal fibres in its anterior limb. D. contains the optic radiation in its posterior limb E. has an anterior limb lying between the caudate nucleus and the thalamus.
F
27. The afferent pathways to the cerebellum convey the following sensation: A. general conscious sensation B. specific conscious sensation C. general unconscious sensation D. specific unconscious sensation E. A and D
F
27. The vagus nerve A. has a motor nucleus in the floor of the fourth ventricle medial to the nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve. B. emerges from the medulla oblongata medial to the olive. C. contains taste fibres. D. has cardiac branches originating only in the thorax. E. leaves the skull through the jugular foramen.
F
28. Afferent pathways to cerebellum pass: A. only through the middle cerebellar peduncles B. only through the middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles C. through the superior cerebellar peduncles D. only through the inferior and superior cerebellar peduncles). through the three peduncles
F
28. The optic chiasm A. is anterior to the stalk of the hypophysis cerebri. B. is lateral to the internal carotid artery. C. contains fibers from the bipolar neurons of the retina. D. contains fibers which end in the lateral geniculate body. E. contains crossed fibers associated with the nasal fields of vision.
F
29. An optic tract A. contains fibers whose cell bodies are in the retina. B. contains fibers from the medial half of each retina. C. contains fibers all of which end in the lateral geniculate body. D. contains fibers which form the inferior brachium. E. contains fibers which form the afferent pathway of the light reflex.
F
29. The grey matter A. is responsible for originating nerve impulses. B. contains large number of nerve cell bodies. C. has no blood vessels. D. is arranged into bundles of fibers. E. is always inside the brain.
F
29. The ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve A. lies on the medial wall of the cavernous sinus. B. has libres which end in the upper part of the descending (spinal) nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. C. Supplies the skin of the lower eyelid. D. Supplies skin on the side of the nose E. sensory to the cornea
F
30. A spinal segment is defined as that region of the spinal cord that A. corresponds to a collection of nerves passing up or down within the white matter. B. corresponds to the region of the vertebral column (i.e, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral) to which spinal nerves are sent. C. sends rootlets to a particular spinal nerve. D. underlies the neural arch of a particular vertebra in the adult E. none of the above.
F
30. The middle cerebral artery A. is the largest branch of the vertebral artery. B. supplies the occipital lobe. C. gives small branches to the corpus callosum. D. can be seen in the lateral sulcus. E. makes contact with the cerebellar artery
F
34. Grossly the spinal cord presents two swellings which are A. cervical and thoracic B. cervical and lumbar C. thoracic and lumbar D. thoracic and sacral E. lumbar and sacral.
F
34. Middle ear infection may follow a throat infection because: A. the auditory (Eustachian) tube opens into the base of the inner ear B. the pharyngeal (throat) mucosa is continuous with the mucosa of the middle ear C. the sphenoid sinus opens into the tympanic cavity of the middle ear D. the vestibulocochlear nerve passes through the tympanic cavity E. answers A and D.
F
35. All spinal nerves A. are formed by the union of a ventral and dorsal nerve root. B. have a ganglion containing synapses on their dorsal root. C. are named and numbered according to the vertebra below which they emerge. D. receive a grey ramus communicans from the sympathetic nerve trunk. E. give off a white ramus communicans to the sympathetic nerve trunk.
F
36. Paries superior of the orbit is made of A. partes orbitales of os frontale B. lamina cribrosa of os ethmoidale C. ala minor of os sphenoidale D. processus orbitalis of os palatinum E. processus frontalis of maxilla
F
39. The following bones take part in the formation of the middle cranial fossa: A. ethmoid B. greater wings and sella turcica of sphenoid C. anterior surface of petrous portion of temporal D. mastoid processus E. occipital
F
41. Regarding the cranial nerves and the openings of the skull: A. the cribriform plate(lamina cribrosa) of sphenoid bone transmits the olfactory nerves. B. n. opticus exits the skull through superior orbital fissure. C. facial nerve passes through internal acustic meatus and stvlomastoid foramen. D. mandibular nerve passes through foramen ovale E. CNIX, X pass through foramen lacerum
F
43. The bones of the skull are joined at joints called A. gomphoses B. sutures C. fissures D. symphyses E. synchondroses
F
46. In the skull of a newborn, there are not yet complete joints, as fibrous membranes connect cranial bones. What is the correct name for such a fibrous membrane? A. foramen B. fissure C. fontane. D. fossa E. facet
F
48. The bones in the cheek prominence are A. frontal B. mandible C. temporal D. maxilla E. zygomatic
F
The cell bodies of the nerve fibres making up the fasciculus gracilis are found in A. posterior root ganglia B. posterior grey horn C. nucleus gracilis D. lateral grey horn E. anterior grey horn
F
The following bones take part in the formation of the posterior cranial fossa: A posterior surface of petrous portion of temporal B. greater wings of sphenoid C. orbital parts of frontal D. occipital E. cribriform plate (lamina cribrosa) of ethmoid
F
19. Parasympathetic nerves in the thorax A. cause contraction of the muscle in the lung. B. supply sensory fibres to the lung. C. are secretomotor to the oesophagus. D. cause the longitudinal muscle of the oesophagus to relax. E. supply sensory fibres to the pericardium.
T
45. Which of the following are considered facial bones? A. maxilla B. lacrimal C. vomer D. sphenoid E. ethmoid
T
21. The lentiform nucleus A. has a lateral pale part (globus pallidus) and a medial dark part (putamen). B. is completely separated from the caudate nucleus. C. forms part of the extrapyramidal system. D. sends fibres to the substantia nigra and red nucleus. E. is lateral to the internal capsule.
T
21. The oculomotor nerve A. has its nucleus in the midbrain. B. lies between the posterior cerebral and superior cerebellar arteries. C. contains postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibres. D. supplies the levator palpebrae superioris muscle with sympathetic nerve fibres. E. supplies the ciliary muscle.
T
21. The third ventricle A. communicates with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramina. B. communicates with the fourth ventricle by means of the cerebral (Sylvian) aqueduct. C. communicates with the subarachnoid space through holes in its roof. D. has no choroid plexus. E. is anterior to the pineal body.
T
22. The corpus callosum A. has a body which is inferior to the anterior cerebral arteries. B. forms the roof of the central part of the lateral ventricles C. is superior to the fornix. D. is superior to the great cerebral vein. E. is separated from the fornix by the lamina terminalis.
T
22. The following structures are found in the midbrain A. the substantia nigra B. the superior colliculi (corpora quadrigemina) C. the motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve D. the nucleus of the abducent nerve E. the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncles.
T
22. The hypothalamus A. is a division of the diencephalon. B. is perfused by the posterior communicating artery. C. is visible only from the ventral aspect of the brain. D. lies within the walls of the fourth ventricle. E. includes the mamillary body.
T
22. The inferior cerebellar peduncles A. contain fibres most of which end in the cerebellar cortex B. form part of the lateral boundaries of the lower part of the fourth ventricle C. contain fibres from the opposite olivary nucleus D. are medial to the glossopharyngeal nerves E. contain fibres from the vestibular nuclei of the same side.
T
22. The vertebral artery A. arises lateral to the scalenus anterior muscle. B. is posterior to the inferior thyroid artery. C. passes inferior to the anterior atlanto-occipital membrane. D. lies posterior to the lateral mass of the atlas. E. is lateral to the anterior primary ramus of the first cervical nerve.
T
23. Regarding the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system A. parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are found in all cranial nerves. B. paraympathetic postganglionic neurons are found in spinal ganglia from TI to L2. C. parasympathetic postganglionic fibers secrete. acetylcholine onto their target organs. D. parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are found in sacral segments. E. parasympathetic ganglia are close to the organs.
T
23. The following nuclei are found in the pons A. the facial nucleus B. the oculomotor nucleus C. the descending or spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve D. the abducent nucleus E. the inferior salivary nucleus.
T
23. The hypoglossal nerve A. supplies all the extrinsic muscles of the tongue. B. has a nucleus in the floor of the fourth ventricle. C. emerges from the hindbrain lateral to the pyramid. D. leaves the skull through a canal (foramen) in the occipital bone. E. lies between the external and internal carotid arteries.
T
23. The lateral ventricle A. contains the smallest of the choroid plexuses. B. has a central part (body) which is roofed over by the corpus callosum. C. has an inferior horn which has the amygdaloid in its floor. D. has a posterior horn extending into the occipital lobe. E. lies above the head of the caudate nucleus.
T
23. The superior cerebellar peduncles A. contain the fibres of the posterior spinocerebellar tract B. contain fibres whose cell bodies are usually in the cerebellar cortex C. contain fibres which go to the red nucleus D. contain fibres which decussate in the midbrain E. contain fibres which go to the thalamus.
T
23. The third ventricle A. communicates with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramina. B. communicates with the fourth ventricle by means of the cerebral (Sylvian) aqueduct. C. communicates with the subarachnoid space through holes in its roof. D. has no choroid plexus. E. is anterior to the pineal body.
T
24. In the medulla oblongata A. the olive lies between the pyramid and the inferior cerebellar peduncle. B. the vagus nerve emerges between the pyramid and the olive. C. the decussation of the pyramids is found in the posterior median sulcus. D. the gracile tubercle lies posteriorly next to the midline. E. the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve lies dorsilaterally.
T
24. The following are efferents of the cerebellum: A. tractus cerebelloolivaris B. fibrae cerebelloreticularis C. tractus cerebellocochlearis D. tractus cerebellovestibularis E. tractus cerebellolenticularis
T
24. The pia mater A. is separated from the spinal cord by a space. B. is very vascular. C. is surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid. D. extends into the brain. E. forms the ligamenta denticulata.
T
24. The thalamus A. receives the terminations of the second neurons of the proprioceptive pathway mainly from the same side of the body. B. receives fibres from the mamillary bodies. C. contains the cell bodies of the third neuron of the touch pathway. D. has connections with the motor areas of the cerebral cortex E. receives fibres from the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum. mainly from the same side.
T
24. The vestibular part of the vestibulocochlear (eighth cranial) nerve A. is entirely sensory B. is connected through its nuclei with the cerebellar hemisphere mainly of the opposite side C. has first neurons which are pseudounipolar D. has a ganglion which lies in the vestibule of the internal ear E. is connected through its nuclei and the medial longitudinal tract with the motor nucleus of the facial nerve.
T
25. Cerebrospinal fluid A. its quantity in the ventricles is about 100-150 ml. B. is produced by the arachnoid granulations. C. contain up to 10 erythrocytes in 1 ml. D. is refreshed several times a day. E. enters the venous circulation via active transport.
T
25. The following are true about the iris: A. it contains pigmented epithelium on its anterior surface. B. it contains melanocytes in the stroma that determines the iris colour. C. its colour is determined by sympathetic innervations. D. the dilator muscle is innervated by the sympathetic system E. the constrictor muscle is innervated by the parasympathetic system.
T
25. The lateral ventricle A. contains the smallest of the choroid plexuses. B. has a central part (body) which is roofed over by the corpus callosum. C. has an inferior horn which has the amygdaloid in its floor D. has a posterior horn extending into the occipital lobe. E. lies above the head of the caudate nucleus.
T
25. The thalamus A. is separated from the lentiform nucleus by the anterior limb of the internal capsule B. forms part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle C. has the interventricular foramen posterior to it D. is inferior to the body of the fornix E. has an upper surface which is partly in the floor of the lateral ventricle.
T
26. In connection with Thalamus: A. The Anterior group of nuclei is connected to structures of limbic system. B. The Lateral group of nuclei are responsible for the behavioral actions. C. The ventral posterior lateral nucleus receives afferents from spinal cord. D. The ventral posterior lateral nucleus sends fibers to spinal cord. E. The lateral geniculate body is connected to the visual system.
T
26. The facial nerve A. contains parasympathetic fibres supplying the lacrimal gland. B. is deep to the external carotid artery in the parotid gland. C. supplies the muscle which closes the eye of the same side D. runs between the semicircular canals and cochlea. E. emerges from the brain at the lower border of the pons. lateral to the vestibulocochlear (eighth cranial) nerve.
T
26. The pathways ensuring feedback in the cortico-cerebellar circuit are A. tractus corticopontinus B. tractus pontocerebellaris C. fibrae arcuatae D. tractus dentatoolivaris E. fibrae thalamocorticales
T
26. The pyramid of the hind brain A. is medial to the roots of the hypoglossal nerve. B. is medial to the olive. C. consists mainly of descending fibres. D. consists of fibres all of which decussate in the medulla oblongata. E. consists of fibres all of whose cells bodies are in the precentral gyrus of the cerebral hemispheres.
T
26. The tympanic cavity (middle ear) A. has the auditory (Eustachian) tube opening on to its anterior wall B. is about 1.5 cm from its lateral to its medial wall C. has the facial nerve running in the upper edge of its medial wall D. is lined by stratified squamous epithelium E. is related through its roof to the temporal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere.
T
27. Dura mater encephali: A. forms a septa between parts of the brain. B. encloses spaces filled with cerebrospinal fluid. C. is well innervated. D. forms venous sinuses. E. receives blood supply mainly from branches of a. carotis interna. .
T
27. The following structures are associated with the auditory pathway from the internal ear to the cerebral cortex A. the cochlear nuclei in the hindbrain B. the medial geniculate body C. the lateral lemniscus D. the inferior temporal gyrus E. the anterior limb of the internal capsule.
T
27. The pons A. contains nuclei whose neurones have fibres which go to the cerebellum. B. contains nuclei which connect the cerebral cortex with the cerebellar cortex. C. lies on the basilar part of the occipital bone. D. is anterior to the basilar artery. E. is superior to the emerging facial nerve.
T
27. The right visual cortex A. lies on either side of the edges of the calcarine sulcus. B. receives the termination of fibres whose cell bodies are in the lateral geniculate body. C. has a very large area for the macula in its anterior part. D. receives impulses originating from stimuli from the right halves of both visual fields. E. receives impulses from the right lower quadrants of both retinae.
T
27. The subthalamus: A. is located between the midbrain tegmentum and diencephalon. B. the subthalamic nucleus belongs to the pyramid system the subthamalamic nucleus has biconvex shape. D. abuts the external capsule laterally E. is concerned with motor control
T
28. Arachnoidea mater encephali: A. is made up of loose connective tissue. B. is well supplied with blood vessels. C. participate in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid. D. adheres to pia mater by trabeculae. E. is separated from dura mater with space filled with cerebrospinal fluid.
T
28. The abducent nerve A. has a nucleus which lies in the floor of the fourth ventricle. B. has part of its course in the posterior cranial fossa. C. is lateral to the internal carotid artery. D. enters the orbit through the tendinous ring at the back of the orbit. E. supplies the lateral rectus muscle.
T
28. The brain A. weighs about 3 kg. B. lose consciousness if the blood supply is stopped for a little as 10 seconds. C. receives blood via two pairs of arteries. D. controls a vast number of activities in the body. E. consists of two hemispheres and vermis.
T
28. The following are found in the midbrain A. the medial lemniscus. B. the frontopnontine fibres. C. the lateral lemniscus. D. the red nucleus. E. the medial geniculate body.
T
28. The hypothalamus: A. controls the body homeostasis. B. forms the wall of the third ventricle. C. is seen on the ventral surface of the brain. D. receives direct impulses from the retina. E. is concerned with motor control.
T
28. The ventral roots of a spinal nerve: A. motor information to the skeletal muscles. B. exit through the ventrolateral sulcus of the spinal cord. C. are ensheated with dura mater spinalis. D. originate from interneurons in the ventral horn. E. contain autonomic fibers.
T
29. The boundary between spinal cord and medulla oblongata is: A. foramen magnum. B. decussatio pyramidum. C. exit of the first pair of spinal nerves. D. exit of the last pair of cranial nerves. E. cervical enlargement.
T
29. The hypothalamus: A. is subdivided into three nuclear groups. B. is anatomically associated with chiasma opticum. C. is bounded laterally by tractus opticus. D. secretes hormones. E. is the control center for many autonomic functions
T
29. The internal carotid artery A. is medial to the oculomotor nerve in the cavernous sinus. B. is posterior to the optic chiasm. C. usually gives off the posterior communicating artery. D. enters the skull through the temporal bone. E. usually supplies the occipital pole of the cerebral hemisphere.
T
29. The neocerebellum includes A. uvula B. lobulus simplex C. lobulus semilunaris superior D. lobulus biventer E. lingula.
T
30. Efferent pathways of the cerebellum reach A. directly the somatomotor cell of the spinal cord B. only nuclei of the extrapyramid system C. nuclei of the extrapyramid system and diencephalon D. thalamus E. nucleus vestibularis lateralis.
T
30. On the brain hemispheres A. convolutions of the cerebral hemispheres increase the surface area of the cortex. B. gyrus postcentralis is a primary motor area. C. the motor area of the cerebral cortex controls the voluntary movements. D. the primary sensory area receives impulses from the body. E. primary auditory cortex is located around calcarine sulcus.
T
30. The following are found in the midbrain A. the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve B. the tectospinal tract C. the medial longitudinal bundle D. the superior salivary nucleus E. the nucleus of the tractus solitarius.
T
30. The hypoglossal nerve A. contains fibres supplying some of the muscles attached to the hyoid bone. B. lies deep to the hyoglossus muscle. C. after emerging from the skull lies medial to the vagus nerve. D. supplies the anterior belly of the digastric muscle. E. is similar to the anterior roots of a spinal nerve.
T
30. The hypothalamus A. is connected with the endocrine and nervous systems. B. controls circadian rhythms. C. forms the ventral part of diencephalon. D. governs emotional behavior. E. has projections to the spinal cord.
T
30. The right visual cortex A. lies on either side of the edges of the calcarine sulcus. B. receives the termination of fibers whose cell bodies are in the lateral geniculate body. C. has a very large area for the macula in its anterior part. D. receives impulses originating from stimuli from the right halves of both visual fields. E. receives impulses from the right lower quadrants of both retinae.
T
31. Metathalamus A. is a visual and auditory relay station. B. is connected with the colliculi of the midbrain tectum C. is closely related to the thalamus. D. controls somatomotor activity. E. is concerned with emotional behaviour.
T
31. Purkinje cells A. are large pyramid cells. B. are efferent cells of the cerebellar cortex. C. end by inhibitory synapses on the cerebellar nuclei. D. their dendrites enter the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. E. are GABA mediated.
T
31. The following structures are associated with the pathway of proprioception from the periphery to the cerebral cortex A. the posterior root ganglion B. lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles C. the parietal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere D. the genu of the internal capsule E. the medial lemniscus
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31. The spinal cord in the adult A. usually ends about the level of the lower border of the first lumbar vertebra. B. has its largest cross sectional area at the level of the lower cervical vertebrae C. Has an anterior median fissure and a posterior median septum D. Gives origin to the preganglionic fibres of all the parasympathetic nerves E. receives its blood supply entirely from vertebral arteries
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32. The mastoid antrum A. has the posterior semicircular canal on its medial side. B. has its aditus on its lateral wall. C. in the infant is separated from the surface of the skull by bone 6 mm thick. D. is related posteriorly to the cerebellum. E. is posterolateral to the facial nerve.
T
33. Parasympathetic nerves in the thorax A. cause contraction of the muscle in the lung B. supply sensory fibres to the lung C. are secretomotor to the esophagus D. cause the longitudinal muscle of the oesophagus to relax E. supply sensory fibres to the pericardium.
T
33. The lateral wall of nasal cavity includes: \ A. nasal bones B. frontal process and the body of the maxilla C. ethmoid labyrinth D. the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone E. the body of sphenoid bone
T
33. The white matter of the spinal cord: A. is located around the gray matter B. contains two main fascicles along the whole length of the dorsal column C. contains fasciculi proprii (own bundles) D. ventral funiculus contains fasciculus interfasciculatus (bundle of Schultze). E. ventral funiculus is between ventral median fissure and ventral roots
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34. The superior wall of the nasal cavity includes: A. nasal bones B. corpus ossis sphenoidalis C. lamina cribriformis of ethmoid bone. D. perpendicular lamina of oss palatinus E. frontal process of maxilla
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37. In the spinal cord A. there is more white matter in a cross section of the cervical region than the lumbar region. B. the anterior horns of grey matter are larger in the lumbar region than in the thoracic region. C. the fibres associated with the sensations of pain and temperature form a tract in the anterior columns of white matter. D. descending fibres from the motor areas of the bram are found in the lateral and anterior columns of white matter. E. there are no descending fibres in the posterior commis.
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37. Regarding the bones of the skull A. fossa hypophysialis is part of os sphenoidale. B. maxilla unpaired bone. C. concha naslis inferior a separate bone. D. processus mastoideus is well developed in newborn. E. septum nasi is made of 2 different bones
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38. Regarding the paranasal sinuses: A. they are in maxilla, ethmoid, frontal and sphenoid bones. B. sinus maxillaris opens in meatus nasi medius. C. sinus frontalis opens in meatus nasi medius. D. sinus frontalis is entirely developed in the newborn. E. sinus maxillaris is a common location for infection (sinusitis)
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42. Regarding the cranial nerves and the openings of the skull: A. the second division of trigeminal nerve (maxillary) passes through foramen rotundum. B. foramen magnum transmits none of CNs. C. the facial nerve may be injured by infections of the middle D. CNS TIL, IV, VI and V, (ophthalmic) pass through the same skull opening. E. the three divisions of trigeminal nerve exit through separate openings of the skull.
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47. The foramen magnum is bounded by A. partes laterals of occipital bone B. pars basilaris of occipital bone C. squama of occipital bone D. processus mastoideus of temporal bone E. posterior surface of pars petrosa of temporal bone
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50. On ala major of the shpenoid bone is located F A. foramen supraorbitale TB. foramen ovale FC. foramen zygomaticofaciale TD. foramen rotundum TE. foramen spinosum
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51. On the skull A. meatus acusticus internus is on the posterior surface of pars petrosa of the temporal bone B. foramen jugulare is surrounded by the occipital and sphenoid bone C. n. facialis exits the cranial cavity through foramen spinosum D. foramen ovale is on ala major of the sphenoid bone E. foramen jugulare transmits glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessorius nerve
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52. In formation of the anterior cranial fossa takes part A. body of the sphenoid bone B. ala minor of the sphenoid bone C. ala major of the sphenoid bone D. lamina cribrosa of the ethmoid bone E. partes orbitales of the frontal bone
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53. The occipital bone A. is in four bony parts at birth B. is grooved by the transverse sinus C. is a single bone by the age of about 8 years D. forms part of the jugular foramen E. articulates with the parietal bone at the coronal suture.
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55. The frontal bone A. ossifies in membrane B. forms the main part of the roof of the nose C. forms the main part of the roof of the orbit D. has sinuses each of which opens into the middle meatus of the nose E. is in two parts at birth.
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56. The temporal bone A. ossifies wholly in cartilage B. contains the whole of the carotid canal C. forms the whole of the external auditory meatus D. forms part of the jugular foramen E. has attached to it the levator veli palatini muscle.
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57. The temporal bone A. is grooved by the superior petrosal sinus B. has attached to it the falx cerebri C. transmits the auricular branch of the vagus nerve D. lies entirely in the middle cranial fossa < E. forms part of the foramen lacerum.
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Cells that convey information to the CNS are: A. afferent sensory neurons B. pseudounipolar cells C. First neuron is the sensory paunway D. located in the lateral horn of spinal cord E. with peripheral processes ending on somatic or splanchnic receptor
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Dorsal roots of a spinal nerve: A. are formed by the central processes of sensory neurons in the spinal ganglion. B. enter the ventrolateral sulcus of the spinal cord. C. convey somatosensory (proprioseptive and visceroseptive) information. D. are covered with pia mater. E. take part in the formation of the spinal nerve.
T
In the floor of the fourth ventricle A. the trigonum vagi is at the inferior angle next to the midline. B. the facial colliculus is next to the midline in its upper half. C. the vestibular area is adjacent to the lateral angle. D. the trigonum hypoglossi is lateral to the trigonum vagi. E. the abducent nucleus lies deep to the facial colliculus.
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On the skull A. foramen spinosum transmits a. meningea media B. foramen ovale connects middle cranial fossa will fossa infratemporalis C. fissura petrotympanica transmits chorda tympani D. septum nasi is formed only by vomer E. foramen supraorbitale is on the anterior surface of corpus maxillae
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Regarding the skull foramina content A. foramen rotundum transmits maxillary nerve B. foramen spinosum transmits the middle meningeal artery and the meningeal br. of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) C. the ophtalmic artery enters the orbit through the optic canal D. foramen ovale transmits the hypoglossal nerve E. jugular foramen transmits glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves.
T
The cerebellum A. through the inferior cerebellar peduncle receives a large number of fibres which are associated with proprioception B. has connections with the frontal lobe through the superior cerebellar peduncle and thalamus C. has no grey matter other than that of the cerebellar cortex D. has a uniform structure throughout its cortex E. receives fibres from the olivary nucleus mainly of the same side.
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The medial lemniscus A. is formed by fibres which come mainly from the gracile and cuneate nuclei of the same side B. is part of the proprioceptive pathway from the periphery to the cerebral cortex C. forms a bundle of fibres lying anteroposteriorly in the pons D. forms a bundle of fibres lying anteroposteriorly in the medulla oblongata E. ends in the lateral nucleus of the thalamus.
T
The occipital bone A. ossifies entirely in membrane B. fuses with the sphenoid bone at the age of about 15 years C. has a foramen through which the hypoglossal nerve passes D. has the trapezius and sternocleidomastoideus muscles attached to it E. forms part of the roof of the nasopharynx.
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The pons A. has the trigeminal nerve emerging from its superior border B. contains in its anterior (basilar) part the nuclei pontis C. contains in its anterior part the pyramidal (corticospinal) tracts. D. is connected to the cerebellum by the superior cerebellar peduncle. E. contains the upward continuation of the medial lemniscus.
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The white matter of the spinal cord: A. contains myelin fibers, non-myelin fibers, and blood vessels. B. has three columns. C. has white commissure posteriorly to the gray commissure. D. has root system and conductive system. E. is covered with arachnoidea.
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Which of the following statements are true: A. Meatus acousticus internis is on the posterior wall of pars petrosa of os temporale petrosa of os temporale B. foramen lacerum is surrounded by the temporal and sphenoid bone C. sutura coronalis connects parietal and occipital bones D. foramen ovale is on ala major of the sphenoid bone E. facial nerve exits the cranial cavity through foramen stylomastoideum
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