Ubuntu linux 3B

Question 50 Before you install an RPM package, you want to verify the authenticity of the package and check the digital signature to ensure it has not been altered. Which command rpm option should you use?

--checksig Explanation The rpm --checksig command checks the authenticity of the package. The option checks the packages digital signing key against the package to ensure it has not been altered.

Question 42 Which of the following represent the root directory? /root /boot /home/root /

/ Explanation The forward slash (f) character represents the root filesystem of the Linux system. The /root directory is the root user's home directory. Do not confuse /root with the root filesystem (f). The thome/root directory does not exist. The /home directory contains all the users' home directories, except for the root user. The /boot directory contains the kernel and boot loader files.

Question 31 You are installing Linux on an old computer with an old BIOS, and you are planning out the partitions of the hard disk drive. Which of the following directories should exist in the first 1024 cylinders of the hard disk drive? /var /home /bin /boot

/boot Explanation The /boot partition must be completely within the first 1024 cylinders on systems with older BIOS versions. This is because the disk is used via the BIOS during boot and BIOS can't handle more than 1024 cylinders. Newer versions of the BIOS can handle disks with more than 1024 cylinders.

Question 32 What is the path for the menu.lst file? (Tip: Include the complete path.)

/boot/grub Explanation /boot/grub/ is the path for the menu.lst file. GRUB uses one of the following as the configuration file: ##MARGINS= 16,8,0,0## /boot/grub/menu.lst ##MARGINS= 16,0,0,0## /boot/grub/grub.conf In some distributions, the menu. 1st file is a symbolic link to the grub.conf file. Among other options, the configuration file allows the user to select between multiple operating systems, and loads a default operating system after a specified time period.

Question 43 Which of the following directories should be part of the partition that holds the root (/) directory? (Select three.) /home /usr /proc /etc /var /bin

/proc /etc /bin Explanation Include the following directories as part of the root partition: /, /bin, /boot, /dev, /etc, /initrd, /Iib, /proc, /root, /sbin. Other directories could exist on different partitions. The /var directory contains data files that change constantly. Some applications log information to this directory and could quickly fill up the volume space. The /usr contains system commands and utilities. The /home directory contains by default the user home directories.

Question 28 What is the recommended size for the /var directory partition? 100-200 MB 3 GB 5 GB 1 GB

3 GB Explanation 3 GB is the recommended size for the /var directory partition. The /var directory contains data files that change constantly. Standard subdirectories include: ##MARGINS=16,8,0,0##. /var/mail holds e-mail in boxes ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. /var/spool holds files waiting for processing, such as print jobs or scheduled jobs ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. /var/www holds www or proxy cache files 5 GB is the recommended size for the /usr directory partition. 1 GB is the recommended size for the /tmp directory partition. 100-200 MB is the recommended size for the /boot directory partition.

Question 26 You have a Linux system with 512 MB of RAM installed. How much space should you plan to partition for the swap file? 1048 MB 512 MB 2048 MB 256 MB

512 MB Explanation The recommended size of the swap partition should be 1 - 1.5 times larger than the amount of installed RAM. In this case, 512 MB is the recommended size. Linux can use either a swap file or a swap partition for the swap area. Whenever possible, create a separate swap partition. To improve performance, you can also put multiple swap partitions on multiple disks.

Question 33 You have a dual-boot machine with two different Linux operating systems. Before you boot into one of the operating systems, you need to insert kernel boot options. The GRUB menu is displayed on your screen and waiting for your interaction. What should you do? (Select two. Each answer is an independent solution.) A1. Select the operating system. 2. Press the e key. 3. Select the kernel line. 4. Press the e key. 5. Add the kernel boot options to the existing boot options. B1. Select the operating system. 2. Press the c key. 3. Add the kernel boot options to the existing boot options. C1. Select the operating system. 2. Press the a key. 3. Add the kernel boot options to the existing boot options. D1. Select the operating system. 2. Press the p key. 3. Press the a key. 4. Add the kernel boot options to the existing boot options.

A,C Explanation To add kernel boot options: Use the following sequence to insert the options directly into the existing boot options: ##MARGINS=16,8,0,0##1. Select the operating system. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##2. Press the a key. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##3. Add the kernel boot options to the existing boot options. Use the following sequence to add the options to the options listed in the /boot/grub/grub.conf file: ##MARGINS=16,8,0,0##1. Select the operating system. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##2. Press the e key. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##3. Select the kernel line. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##4. Press the e key. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##S. Add the kernel boot options to the existing boot options. The p key is only required for authentication before making changes to the GRUB menu or selecting an operating system to boot. The c key provides a GRUB command line.

Question 41 You have a dual-boot system with a Linux and Windows operating systems. You need to configure the GRUB bootloader to display the GRUB menu for 12 seconds before GRUB automatically boots the default operating system. What should you do? Add timeout=12 and #hiddenmenu to the /boot/grub/grub.conf file. Add timeout=120 to the /boot/grub/grub.conf file. Add chainloader +12 to the /boot/grub/grub.conf file. Add timeout=12 to the /boot/grub/grub.conf file.

Add timeout=12 to the /boot/grub/grub.conf file. Explanation Add timeout=12 to the /boot/grub/grub.conf file. The timeout line sets the number of seconds GRUB waits before automatically booting the default operating system. LILO uses the timeout line to specify the amount of time in tenths of a second before proceeding with the default operating system. The hiddenmenu line disables/enables the menu that lists the operating system options. Adding the pound (#) symbol to this line only prevents the operating systems from being displayed on startup. If the user hits any key before GRUB selects the default operating system, the operating systems are displayed. The chain loader line specify the number of sectors to be read during bootup.

Question 46 What is the purpose of the dpkg -I (lowercase L) command? List information about packages that are not installed. Install a package Display all packages with names that match a specified pattern. Show the installed files for a package.

Display all packages with names that match a specified pattern. Explanation The dpkg command installs Debian packages on Debian distributions. The dpkg -I (lowercase L) displays all packages with names that match a specified pattern. Be aware of the other following options: ##MARGINS=16,8,O,O##- -i installs a package. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -I lists information about packages that are not installed. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -L shows the installed files for a package. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- --configure reconfigures an unpacked package. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -r removes the package but does not delete the configuration files. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -P completely uninstall the package including the configuration files. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -p lists information about a currently installed Debian package. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -5 finds a package associated with specified files. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -C searches for packages that have been installed only partially on the system. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- B disables packages that have dependencies on the package being removed. ##MARGINS= 16,0,0,0##- --ignore-depends ignores dependency-checking for specified packages. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -no-act prevents changes from being written. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -G prevents a package from being installed if a newer version of the package already exists on the computer. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -E does not install the package if the same version of the package is already installed. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -R installs the package recursively.

Question 29 You have found a patch for the Samba server on your system. The patch is a package in rpm format. Which is the most correct procedure to install the package? Download the package. Run inspak -uvhf on the package to install the update. Download the package. Run tar -uvf on the package to install the update. Delete the rpm file after the install is complete. Download the package. Run rpm -Uvh on the package to install the update. Download the package. Run rpm -ivh on the package to install the update.

Download the package. Run rpm -Uvh on the package to install the update. Explanation Use the rpm -Uvh command to update an existing application. Use the -U switch to upgrade or install the package. The -vh switches enable verbose listing of installed files. There is no command called inspak. tar is used to unpack a tarball and there is no -u switch. The rpm -ivh command runs a complete install, not an update.

Question 30 Which command reloads the library cache every time libraries are added or removed, and updates the symbolic links? (Tip: Enter the command as if at the command prompt, but do not include options.)

IdConfig Explanation The Idconfig command reloads the library cache every time libraries are added or removed, and updates the symbolic links. This creates the necessary links and cache to the most recent shared libraries found in the directories specified on the command line, in the file /etc/ld.so.conf, and in the trusted directories (/Iib and /usr/lib). Be aware of the following options: ##MARGINS=16,8,0,0##. -v summarizes the directories and files it is registering as it reloads the cache. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -N updates symbolic links, but does not update the cache. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -n updates the links contained in the directories specified on the command line. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -X updates the cache but does not update symbolic links. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -f changes the configuration file from /etc/ld.so.conf default. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -C changes the cache location for the /etc/ld.so.cache default. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -r treats a new directory as if were the root directory. This is helpful when you are recovering a badly corrupted system or installing a new as. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -p displays the current library cache, including all the library directories and their respective libraries.

Question 37 Which command displays the shared library information for executables? (Tip: Enter the command as if at the command prompt.)

Idd Explanation The Idd command displays which libraries are used by another library (i.e., library dependencies). Be aware of the following Idd options: ##MARGINS=16,8,O,O##- -v displays all information. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- --version displays the version number of Idd. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##- -u displays unused direct dependencies.

Question 40 Which of the following is not true regarding mount points? The /home directory must be attached to the system with a mount point before use. /mnt is a directory that contain mount points for temporarily mounted filesystems. Mount points use the partitions represented by device files located in the /lib directory. Mount points should always be empty directories.

Mount points use the partitions represented by device files located in the /lib directory. Explanation The directory to which a device or partition is attached is called the mount paint. ##MARGINS=16,8,O,O##. Mount points use the partitions represented by device files located in the /dev directory; however, partitions must be mounted before use. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##. Always mount volumes and other storage devices to empty directories. Mounting a volume to a directory that contains data makes the data inaccessible. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O##. The /mnt and /media directories (depending on the system configuration) are directories that contain mount points specifically for external storage devices (e.g., CD-ROM drives, floppy drives, magnetic tape drives).

Question 36 If you are getting your applications and updates in RPM format, which distribution is your system based on? Slackware Debian Xandros Red Hat

Red Hat Explanation Any system that is based on or derived from Red Hat can use RPM packages. Slackware, Debian and Xandros, a Debian derivative, do not use RPM for package management. It is also possible to have a distribution use RPM and not be based on or derived from Red Hat. An example of such a distribution is SUSE.

Question 45 Which command reconfigures an already installed package? dpkg --configure dpkg-reconfigure apt-get-f apt-get -clean

dpkg-reconfigure Explanation The dpkg-reconfigure command reconfigures an already installed package. dpkg --configure reconfigures an unpacked package. apt-get -f attempts to fix a computer with unsatisfied dependencies. apt-get -clean removes unneeded package information files and logs.

Question 35 You have modified the LILO configuration file. When you reboot the system the changes you made to not seem to have taken effect. What may have you forgotten to do? You didn't copy the /etc/lilo.conf to /boot/lilo.conf. You forgot to run the /sbin/lilo program. You can't modify the LILO boot loader after installation. You did not save the lilo.conf file.

You forgot to run the /sbin/lilo program. Explanation If you modify /etc/lilo.conf file you need to run the /sbin/lilo program to make the changes effective. By not running /sbin/ liIo after modifying the /etc/lilo.conf file you risk making your system unbootable. There is no need to copy the jetcjlilo.conf file to jboot. While unlikely, you may have forgotten to save the file after you edited it, but that is not the correct answer.

Question 44 Which of the following statements are true regarding the apt-get utility? (Select two.) apt-get uses /var/lib/rpm to find information about the application repositories. apt-get uses /etc/apt/sources.list to find information about the application repositories. apt-get installs packages on an RPM distribution. apt-get is similar to the yum utility on an RPM distribution.

apt-get uses /etc/apt/sources.list to find information about the application repositories. apt-get is similar to the yum utility on an RPM distribution Explanation The apt-get command downloads and installs packages on a Debian distribution. Apt-get: ##MARGINS=16,8,0,0##e Is similar to the yum utility on an RPM distribution. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##e Gets its information about the application repositories from the /etc/apt/sources.list file. Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) uses a database stored at /var/lib/rpm that keeps track of all installed packages, their current status, and available updates.

Question 27 Which dpkg option lists information about a currently installed Debian package? (Tip: Enter the command as if at the command prompt.)

dpkg -p Explanation The dpkg command installs Debian packages on Debian distributions. The dpkg -p command lists information about a currently installed Debian package. Be aware of the other following options: ##MARGINS=16,8,0,0## -i installs a package. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0## -I lists information about packages that are not installed. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0## -I displays all packages with names that match a specified pattern ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0## -L shows the installed files for a package. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0## --configure reconfigures an unpacked package. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -r removes the package but does not delete the configuration files. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -P completely uninstall the package including the configuration files. ##MARGINS= 16,0,0,0##. -5 finds a package associated with specified files. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -C searches for packages that have been installed only partially on the system. ##MARGINS= 16,0,0,0##. B disables packages that have dependencies on the package being removed. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. --ignore-depends ignores dependency-checking for specified packages. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -no-act prevents changes from being written. ##MARGINS= 16,0,0,0##. -G prevents a package from being installed if a newer version of the package already exists on the computer. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -E does not install the package if the same version of the package is already installed. ##MARGINS=16,0,0,0##. -R installs the package recursively.

Question 34 You have a computer configured with two installations of Linux. You are using the LILO boot loader, a portion of which is shown below. boot=/dev/hda map=/boot/map install=/boot/boot.b lba32 default=linux image=/boot/vmlinuz-2.2.5-15 label=linux initrd=/boot/initrd-2.4.20-8.img read-only root=/dev/hda3 When the system boots, it moves immediately to the Linux installation without giving you a chance to choose an operating system. What should you add to lilo.conf to add the LILO prompt and a delay of 5 seconds? (Select all that is required.) timeout=5 prompt prompt=50 timeout=50 prompt=5

prompt timeout=50 Explanation To show the LILO: prompt with a delay, add: Both lines must exist. Using prompt by itself will stop the boot and wait for a selection. The timeout value is in tenths of a second, so 50 = 5 seconds.

Question 38 Which command will upgrade an RPM package only if an earlier version is already installed on the system?

rpm -F Explanation The rpm -F upgrades the package, but only if an earlier version currently exists on the system.

Question 49 You have an RPM package called mathpac that is not working correctly. You have downloaded the latest package. Which line is the most correct option? rpm -U math pac rpm -i math pac rpm -F math pac First rpm -e mathpac then rpm -i mathpac

rpm -U math pac Explanation The -U option specifies upgrade the package. Basically this is installing the new package and removing the old. rpm -F will freshen the current install, but still has a small possibility of not solving the problem. rpm -I installs a new package, which will not work in this case since the package is already installed.

Question 48 Which apt-cache option shows the missing dependencies in the package cache? unmet stats depends pkgnames showpkg

unmet Explanation The apt-cache unmet command lists any missing dependencies in the package cache. The apt-cache command retrieves information about the Debian package database. Be aware of the other apt-cache options: ##MARGINS=16,8,O,O## showpkg displays information about a package in the database. ##MARGINS= 16,O,O,O## stats shows the number of packages installed, dependency information, and other package cache statistics. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O## depends shows all of the package's dependencies. ##MARGINS= 16,O,O,O## pkgnames displays whether a package is installed on the system. When the package name is left off, the command shows information for all packages on the computer. ##MARGINS=16,O,O,O## search searches for a package in the cache.

Question 39 You are using YUM, and you need to determine which package contains the /usr/lib/libstlport_gcc.so file. Which command should you type at the command prompt? (Tip: Enter the command as if at the command prompt.)

yum whatprovides /usr/lib/libstlport_gcc.so Explanation Use yum whatprovides /usr/lib/libstlport_gcc.so or yum provides /usr/lib/libstlporCgcc.so to determine which package contains the /usr/lib/libstlporCgcc.so file. The provides or whatprovides option displays what packages are associated with a specific file.

Question 47 Which command will download an RPM package without installing it to the system? (Tip: Enter the command as if at the command prompt.)

yumdownloader Explanation yumdownloader downloads a package without installing it on the system. For example, yumdownloader zuff.i686 downloads the zuff package, but does not install it.