Unit 1: Nutrition Essentials 3rd Edition

Roberto's father died from a condition that's the leading cause of death in the United States. Based on this information, Roberto's father died of ______. a) heart failure b)alcohol poisoning c) complications from diabetes d) lung cancer

a) heart failure

Anna is preparing a meatloaf that serves two people. Each serving of the food contains 12 g carbohydrate, 24 g protein, 15 g fat, 5 mcg vitamin B-12, 3 mg iron, and 100 ml of water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies ____ kcal. a) 279 b) 502 c) 346 d) 482

a) 279

Which of the following foods is the most energy dense per four-ounce serving? a) Frosted doughnut b) Raw berries c) Fat-free milk d) Orange juice

a) Frosted doughnut

_____ is the primary cause of preventable deaths in the United States. a) Smoking cigarettes b) Being physically inactive c) Engaging in illegal behavior d) Driving while drunk

a) Smoking cigarettes

A sugar-sweetened beverage contains 25 g carbohydrate, 5 g protein, 2 g fat, 5 g alcohol, 25 mg vitamin C, and 240 ml water per serving. Based on this information, a serving of this drink supplies ____ kcal. a) 87 b) 117 c) 173 d) 152

c) 173

Which of the following nutrients is a macronutrient? a) Vitamin D b) Alcohol c) CarbohydrateCorrect d) Water

c) Carbohydrate

Javon is 16 years of age. Which of the following factors is highly likely to influence what he eats? a) His access to medical care b) His cooking skills c) His closest friends d) His academic performance

c) His closest friends

Which of the following foods is both energy and nutrient dense? a) French fries b) Blueberries c) Peanut butter d) Sweet potato

c) Peanut butter

Yamiche is a biochemist with a company that manufactures substances that can be added to foods to improve their flavor. She's discovered a chemical that she called "Agent X" in beet juice. Agent X prevents human cell membranes from being damaged by highly unstable substances that are in the environment. Based on this information, Agent X is a (an) _______. a) supplement b) risk factor c) free radical d) antioxidant

d) antioxidant

Metabolism is ________. a) the rate at which cells produce energy b) a form of energy d) the total of all chemical changes that occur in cells d) a way of living

d) the total of all chemical changes that occur in cells

McKenzie's mother died of ______, which is a leading cause of death in the United States that's often related to diet. a) kidney disease b) iron-deficiency anemia c) chronic upper respiratory disease d) cystic fibrosis

a) kidney disease

A serving of food contains 31 g carbohydrate, 6 g protein, 15 g fat, 5 mcg vitamin D, and 225 g of water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies ____ kcal. a) 87 b) 194 c) 283 d) 330

c) 283

Which of the following groups of Americans is most at risk of undernutrition? a) Young women who attend 4-year schools and live on campus b) Women who are pregnant for the first time and have strange food cravings c) Older adults who are frail and live in long-term care facilities d) Young adults who know which foods are nutrient dense, but they're too busy to shop for and prepare healthy food

c) Older adults who are frail and live in long-term care facilities

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that's needed by the body but it doesn't provide any calories? a) Glucose b) Water c) Protein d) Beta-carotene

b) Water

Jerome takes very high doses of vitamins and minerals. As a result of his behavior, Jerome is likely to develop ________. a) antioxidant toxicity b) undernutrition c) overnutrition d) micronutrient malabsorption

b) undernutrition

In the United States, which of the following practices is highly recommended to reduce the risk of serious chronic diseases, especially premature heart disease? a) Increasing vitamin D intake b) Quitting smoking c) Taking aspirin daily d) Eating more fat-free foods

c) Taking aspirin daily

Phyllis is a food scientist who works for a company that manufactures medical products. She wants to prepare a formula diet for people who cannot eat "regular foods." Her formula for a day's supply of the product contains 130 g glucose, 30 g fiber, 50 g fat, 70 g protein, 2300 ml water, and all essential minerals. The Food and Drug Administration didn't approve this product for sale. Why? a) The product lacks vitamins. b) The product needs to contain a few grams of alcohol. c) The product needs more fiber. d) The product contains too much water.

a) The product lacks vitamins.

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals? a) Fat-free milk b) Mayonnaise c) Red pepper d) Salmon

c) Red pepper

Which of the following foods is energy dense? a) Blueberries b) French fries c) Sweet potato d) Peanut butter

c) Sweet potato

An essential nutrient _______. a) must be supplied by your diet b) is made by your body c) is only in foods from natural sources d) performs several vital functions in your body

a) must be supplied by your diet

Eating salty foods, sugar-sweetened foods, and fatty beef is associated with increased likelihood of having premature heart disease. Such poor diets are a ________ for heart disease. a) risk factor b) predictive action c) significant behavior d) critical determinant

a) risk factor

A sugar-sweetened, carbonated beverage that contains alcohol supplies 23 g carbohydrate, 1 g protein, 1 g fat, 8 g alcohol, 25 mg vitamin C, and 230 ml water per serving. Based on this information, a serving of this drink supplies ____ kcal. a) 203 b) 161 c) 113 d) 163

b) 161

Which of the following nutrients is the most essential for life? a) Vitamin D b) Water c) Protein d) Calcium

b) Water

Which of the following substances is a nonnutrient that provides energy for the human body? a) Cholesterol b) Glucose c) Alcohol d) Protein

c) Alcohol

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving? a) Cheese pizza b) Soft margarine c) Broccoli d) Watermelon

c) Broccoli

Which of the following substances is a phytochemical that is known to relieve some pain when applied to skin? a) Cholesterol b) Vitamin D c) Capsaicin d) Caffeine

c) Capsaicin

Which of the following statements is true? a) High doses of vitamins and minerals help prevent many serious chronic diseases. b) A healthy diet has a variety of many different kinds of nutrient-dense foods. c) Peanuts, sunflower seeds, and cashews are rich sources of empty calories. d) Registered dietitians generally classify foods as either "good" or "junk."

b) A healthy diet has a variety of many different kinds of nutrient-dense foods.

Which of the following substances are phytochemicals in red, blue, and purple fruits and vegetables that have antioxidant activity? a) Sterols b) Anthocyanins c) Saponins d) Free radicals

b) Anthocyanins

Which of the following conditions is one of the top five leading causes of death in the United States that's related to diet? a) Kidney disease b) Stroke c) Anemia d) Suicide

b) Stroke

Which of the following nutrients is a micronutrient? a) Water b) Vitamin C c) Sugar d) Cholesterol

b) Vitamin C

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that doesn't supply any energy for the human body? a) Resveratrol b) Vitamin D c) Protein d) Alcohol

b) Vitamin D

A person's diet is his or her _______. a) primary risk factor that cannot be modified b) pattern of usual food selections c) efforts to lose weight by limiting intake of nutrients

b)pattern of usual food selections

Which of the top ten leading causes of death in the United States isn't related to diet? a) Diabetes b) Cancer c) Chronic lower respiratory infections d) Stroke

c) Chronic lower respiratory infections

Which of the following statements is true? a) Broccoli is an energy-dense food. b) According to registered dietitians, people shouldn't eat "junk" foods. c) In their natural forms, most of the things we eat are mixtures of various nutrients. d) Milk, bananas, and soybeans are among the few nutritionally perfect foods for humans.

c) In their natural forms, most of the things we eat are mixtures of various nutrients.

A food scientist would like to develop a functional food that includes phytochemicals that may kill harmful microbes and reduce the risk of heart disease and certain cancers. Based on this information, which of the following substances is the scientist most likely to use? a) Vitamins C and D b) Beta-carotene c) Saponins d) Capsaicin

c) Saponins

Which of the following statements is true? a) To achieve optimal health, you need to match your diet with your blood type, eye color, and other physical characteristics. b) Regardless of their ages and physical conditions, people don't need to take dietary supplements that include vitamins and minerals. c) To achieve and maintain good health, people should rely on eating a variety of nutrient-dense foods instead of taking dietary supplements. d) Nutritional needs of healthy people generally don't vary during different life stages, such as infancy and pregnancy.

c) To achieve and maintain good health, people should rely on eating a variety of nutrient-dense foods instead of taking dietary supplements.

Gabriella is a food scientist who has discovered a chemical in whole grains, fruits, and other commonly eaten foods that has antioxidant functions. This chemical is a new vitamin, if it _____. a) is in other foods that people usually eat b) is unsafe to consume in high amounts c) results in a deficiency disease when it's not in diets d) cannot be made by the body

c) results in a deficiency disease when it's not in diets

A serving of food contains 12 g carbohydrate, 14 g protein, 6 g fat, 5 mg vitamin C, 3 mg iron, and 100 g of water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies ____ kcal. a) 456 b) 212 c) 246 d) 158

d) 158

A sugar-sweetened beverage that contains alcohol supplies 35 g carbohydrate, 1 g protein, 0 g fat, 10 g alcohol, 25 mg vitamin C, and 230 ml water per serving. Based on this information, a serving of this drink supplies ____ kcal. a) 203 b) 232 c) 263 d) 214

d) 214

A sugar-sweetened beverage contains 30 g carbohydrate, 1 g protein, 0 g fat, 15 g alcohol, 25 mg vitamin C, and 230 ml water per serving. Based on this information, a serving of this drink supplies ____ kcal. a) 317 b) 152 c) 105 d) 229

d) 229

Which of the following nutrients provides energy for humans? a) Vitamin C b)Thiamin c) Potassium d) Protein

d) Protein

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving? a) French fries b) Organic celery c) Grape drink d) Scrambled egg

d) Scrambled egg

Which of the following foods is a source of phytochemicals? a) Plain yogurt b) Chicken c) Swiss cheese d) Soybeans

d) Soybeans