UNIT 10 A

Which of the following is a function of trabecular bone? A) Synthesis of vitamin D B) Synthesis of calcitonin C) Storage site for calcium D) Storage site for vitamin D

C

Which of the following is a feature of water? A) Not a vital nutrient B) Not found in foods C) Oxidized to yield energy D) Generated from oxidation of energy nutrients

D

What does a DEXA scan measure? A) Bone density B) Severity of bone microfractures C) Bioavailability of calcium supplements D) Calcium absorption and excretion balance

A

What is most likely to occur when a calcium supplement and an iron supplement are taken simultaneously? A) Absorption of iron is reduced B) Absorption of iron is improved C) Excretion of iron in the urine is reduced D) Excretion of iron in the urine is enhanced

A

What is the approximate fluoride concentration in community water supplies? A) 1 ppm B) 2 ppm C) 2.5 ppm D) 4 ppm

A

What is the name given to the ingestion of nonnutritive substances? A) Pica B) Goiter C) Tetany D) Hemosiderosis

A

Which of the following is NOT among the population groups recommended to restrict sodium intake to 1500 mg/day? A) Caucasians <50 years old B) African-Americans C) People with chronic kidney disease D) People with diabetes

A

Which of the following is a feature of phosphorus? A) Involved in energy exchange B) Activates fat-soluble vitamins C) Ranks lowest among the minerals in amount present in the body D) Ranks highest among the minerals in amount present in the body

A

You have just been hired by the World Health Organization to promote nutrition education and policies in a small country in Asia, whose population has a high prevalence of goiter. Which of the following policies would be the best to implement with respect to iodine status, cost, and efficiency? A) Fortify the salt with iodine B) Promote free iodine supplements for all who want them C) Educate the population to avoid all goitrogens in their diet D) Educate the population to spend more time at the beach as seawater, sea mist, and seafood are sources of iodine

A

Abnormally low blood sodium concentration is known specifically as A) hypertension. B) hyponatremia. C) hyperkalemia. D) water intoxication.

B

Aldosterone and renin each function to promote A) electrolyte balance. B) retention of sodium. C) excretion of calcium. D) constriction of blood vessels

B

How does vitamin C enhance iron absorption when consumed in the same meal? A) It activates transferrin B) It keeps iron in the reduced ferrous form C) It releases iron from the proteins in the stomach D) It complexes with iron and promotes mucosal transport

B

The most common cause of iron overload is A) an injury to the GI tract. B) a genetic predisposition. C) excessive use of iron cookware. D) excessive use of iron supplements.

B

What minimum level of body weight loss as water impairs a person's physical performance? A) 1-2% B) 3-4% C) 5-9% D) 10-15%

B

Which of the following is NOT a general feature of the trace minerals? A) Mild deficiencies are easy to overlook B) They are rarely found in dietary supplements C) Most are toxic at only 2 1/2-7 times the requirements D) The amounts contained in supplements are free from regulation by the FDA

B

Which of the following is NOT among the conditions associated with zinc deficiency? A) Altered taste B) Kidney failure C) Abnormal night vision D) Poor healing of wounds

B

Which of the following is a feature of iron absorption? A) It is higher with vegetarian diets B) It is higher in people with iron deficiency C) It is lower when iron is in the form of heme rather than non-heme D) It is higher in adults than children due to more mature intestinal function

B

Which of the following is a feature of iodide utilization? A) It is an integral part of pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone B) Ingestion of plants of the cabbage family stimulates iodide uptake C) A deficiency or a toxicity leads to enlargement of the thyroid gland D) The amount in foods is unrelated to the amount of iodine present in the soil

C

Which of the following body structures helps to regulate thirst? A) Brain stem B) Cerebellum C) Optic nerve D) Hypothalamus

D

Which of the following population groups is least susceptible to iron-deficiency anemia? A) Older infants B) Children 2-10 years of age C) Women of childbearing age D) Men 20-45 years of age

D