Unit 2 Exam

Malthus believed circumstances like war and famine constituted positive checks on population and was especially concerned that food production could never keep up with population growth. However, new agricultural technology would contribute to a stable food supply and thus enable population to grow without positive checks.

A country develops new technologies for farming, which help stabilize and increase food supply. According to Malthusian theory, which of the following would best explain those results?

An "inverted" population pyramid that is very wide at the top and very narrow or pointed at the bottom most likely represents an age-restricted community limited to older adults.

A population pyramid that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom most likely represents which of the following populations?

A neo-Malthusian viewpoint suggests that food production is not meeting the needs of a rapidly growing population, causing widespread famine. The most current famine has occurred in South Sudan as a result of war and drought. South Sudan has not responded with technological innovation and has relied on food aid from the United Nations.

Neo-Malthusian theory can be used to explain which of the following situations?

These regions have higher carrying capacities because of their proximity to reliable freshwater sources. Upland lakes, and river deltas can support larger human populations because they provide a form of transportation, reliable access to water for daily needs, and a source of water for agricultural practices.

Population patterns shown on the map indicate that areas around river deltas and upland lake and river valleys have higher densities. Which of the following best explains why these regions are more heavily populated?

High youth dependency ratio

Many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have total fertility rates that exceed 5.0. Which of the following population characteristics is associated with this phenomenon?

Bangladesh's population will continue to grow as a result of a large youthful population.

Bangladesh has seen its total fertility rate drop to 2.1, but its population is projected to be higher in 2050 than it is today. Which of the following explains why Bangladesh will continue to experience positive rates of natural increase?

The map shows arithmetic density, which refers to the number of people per unit of land. The pattern on the map indicates that arithmetic density is lower in western China.

Low arithmetic density

Declines in fertility and mortality associated with economic development lead to older population age structures and decreasing proportions of youth and working-age adults.

Which of the following population patterns is common in more developed countries?

A large youth population indicates that a country may struggle to control its demographic challenges, which could lead to too many people in relation to available seats in local schools.

Which of the following scenarios explains a demographic push factor for less developed countries?

China's large urban population and increasing urban expansion into available agricultural land place higher demands on increasingly limited soil and water resources. This requires more agricultural inputs, such as pesticides and fertilizers, to increase the carrying capacity of the land.

Which statement best explains an environmental impact of China's population distribution?