Unit 2 Test: Chapters 4-6
that is emphasizes people's differences, not similarities
A central problem with relativism is
employee compensation
An ethical organizational culture creates an environment in which to structure behavior that is then evaluated by stakeholders. The key elements of an organizational culture include all of the following except
Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (3rd stage)
An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions as in which of the following of Kohlberg's stages of development?
free samples
Anti-competitive strategies that focus on weakening or destroying a competitor have spurred anti-trust legislation and include all of the following except
internal locus of control
Employees who believe they control the events in their lives by their own effort and skill have a(n)
Opportunity
External and internal rewards relate to which part of the ethical decision-making framework?
considering fairness to others
In Kohlberg's model, the stage of mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (Stage 3) differs from the stage of individual instrumental purpose and exchange (Stage 2) in terms of the individual's motives in
the principles or rules that people use to decide what is right and wrong
Moral philosophy refers to
Organizational or social forces
Multiple elements work on individuals to affect their behavior. While an individual may intend to do the right thing, __________ can alter this intent.
Values
Organizations that have ethics programs based on a _______ orientation are found to make a greater contribution than those based simply on compliance, or obeying laws and regulations
External locus of control
People who believe in _______ go with the flow because they feel the events in their lives are uncontrollable.
justice principles were beliefs that everyone could accept.
Philosopher John Rawls believed
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act created the _____ to oversee the accounting firms that audit public corporations and to establish rules and standards for auditing.
Social entreprenuer
The ______ desires to find a solution to a social problem rather than to simply earn profits.
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
The ________ was established after the latest financial crisis, in response to a situation that caused many consumers to lose their homes.
Corporate culture
The _________ can be defined as a set of values, norms, and artifacts, including ways of solving problems shared by members of an organization.
distinguish competitive strategies that enhance consumer welfare form those that reduce it.
The primary objective of U.S. antitrust laws is to
is complex, although experience helps older employees make ethical decisions
The relationship between business ethics and age
Mugging someone
Which is not considered a white collar crime?
Universal ethical principles
Which is the last of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?
Rule deontology
Which moral philosophy evaluates the morality of an action on the basis of its conformity to general moral principles based on logic and respect for individual rights?
Deontology
Which moral philosophy focuses on the rights of individuals and on the intentions associated with a particular behavior, rather than its consequences?
Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
Which of the following acts can be classified as pro-competitive legislation?
McCarran-Ferguson Act of 1944
Which of the following acts exempted the insurance industry from antitrust legislation?
"Act as if the maxim of thy action were to become by thy will a universal law of nature"
Which of the following describes the categorical imperative?
The highly educated
Which of the following groups is not a group that receives special legal protections?
Creates an organization to pay the bills of low-income consumers
Which of the following is not a provision of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act?
Familial responsibilities
Which of the following is not an aspect of the institutionalization of social responsibility?
Spouses
Which of the following is not considered a significant other group in the workplace?
Recognizing that an ethical issue exists
Which of the following is the first step in the ethical decision making process?
The Dodd-Frank Act
Which of the following laws instituted a whistle-blower bounty program in which whistle-blowers are eligible to receive 10 to 30 percent of fines if their reports result in convictions of more than $1 million in penalties?
Utilitarianism
While he is normally against the idea of harming animals, Eric views animal research in the pharmaceutical industry as a way to improve drugs that will benefit mankind. Which moral philosophy most closely represents his viewpoint?
Cause-related marketing
________ tie(s) an organization's product(s) directly to an social concern through a marketing program.
Pluralists
_________ believe that no one thing is intrinsically good.
Social
_________ institutions include religion, education, and individuals such as the family unit.
Corporate; ethical
__________ culture involves values and norms that prescribe a wide range of behavior for organizational members, while _______ culture reflects the integrity of decisions made and is a function of many factors, including corporate policies, top management's leadership on ethical issues, the influence of coworkers, and the opportunity for unethical behavior.
Obedience to authority
__________ involves subordinates simply following the directives of a superior without question. It demonstrates the influence that significant others can exert in the workplace.
Adam Smith
___________ is considered the father of free market capitalism. He believed that business was and should be guided by the morals of good men.
Civil
_____________ law defines the rights and duties of individuals and organizations (including businesses)
enlightened egoism
centers on one's long-term self-interest but takes others' well-being into account
