Unit 3 AP Psych

Alice is shopping with her daughter when she hears the word "mom." Alice answers, only to realize that the sales clerk said "ma'am" to a customer. This inaccurate perception can be attributed to a) perceptual set b) the law of effect c) webers law d) sound localization

a

Annette begins staring at the red, white, and blue colors of the flag hanging at the front of her classroom. When she shifts her gaze to the white wall, she perceives a green, black, and yellow afterimage of this flag. Which of the following theories best explains Annette's experience? a) opponent-process b) frequency c) trichromatic

a

In the dark, an object is more clearly seen when viewed in peripheral vision than when viewed directly. This phenomenon occurs because the rods located in the retina are a. more sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea b. less sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea c. as sensitive in the dark as cones and are few in number in the fovea

a

Kaori is traveling on an airplane for the first time. As the plane takes off, she watches the automobiles driving on the freeway below. Even though the automobiles seem to get smaller as the airplane gains altitude, Kaori does not perceive the cars as shrinking but still perceives them to be their normal size. Which perceptual principle best describes this phenomenon? a) Constancy b) absolute threshold c) contrast d) illusion

a

Martin fell off his skateboard and badly bruised his elbow. He immediately began rubbing the area around the bruise until the pain subsided. This method of reducing pain can be explained by which of the following? a. gate control theory b. opponent-process theory c. expectancy theory

a

On his first day of work at the bakery, Brad was nearly overwhelmed by the sweet odor of the baked goods. However, by lunchtime, he did not even notice the smell. This is an example of a. sensory adaptation b. perceptual constancy c. object permanence

a

While attending a concert, Anthony finds that he can clearly recognize the melody coming from the lead violin above all the other instruments playing in the orchestra, even though the other instruments may be louder. Gestalt psychologists would explain Anthony's ability using the principle of a) figure ground b) simplicity c) constancy d) proximity

a

the occipital lobe of the human brain contains the centers for a. vision b. hearing c. olfaction

a

the graph depicts which of the following

absolute threshold

The change in the curvature of the lens that enables the eye to focus on objects at various distances is called a) accomodation b) adaptation c) conduction

accommodation

Carlos sees the figure above as six unified columns, not four unified rows. Which of the following Gestalt principles is operating most strongly? a. proximity b. similarity c. closure

b

George was involved in an accident and experienced head trauma. Although his eyes were functioning normally, he was unable to see. Which area of the brain was most likely affected by the accident? a. parietal lobe b. occipital lobe c. hippocampus

b

Which of the following scenarios most clearly describes the effect of the kinesthetic sense? a) developing a craving for food after smelling it b) being able to tell exact bodily position without looking at the body c) Being able to locate where a sound is coming from d) Balancing oneself on a ladder

b

people who are color blind most likely have deficiencies in their a) rods b)cones c) lens d) optic nerve

b

The place in the retina where the optic nerve exits to the brain is called the a. lens b. sclera c. fovea d. blind spot

blind spot

A doctor is assessing a patient with a sensory disorder. In the first assessment, she asks the patient to touch his nose with his eyes closed. In the next assessment, she asks the patient to walk a short distance with his eyes closed. Which of the following senses is the doctor most likely evaluating? a. gustation b. vision c. kinesthesis d. touch

c

A sound is often detected by one ear more intensely and a fraction of a second earlier than it is detected by the other ear. These cues help individuals determine the a. absolute threshold for sound perception b. frequency of the sound wave c. location of the source

c

Bob is concerned because his children have been eating too much of an expensive breakfast cereal, so he brings home a less expensive version that looks and tastes exactly the same to him. His children immediately notice that the new cereal is less sweet. Which of the following concepts best explains the conflicting perceptions of Bob and his children? a) perceptual adaptation b) sensory adaptation c) difference threshold d) signal detection theory

c

Julia is practicing her trumpet and produces a loud sound. Which of the following is the best explanation for the loudness of the sound? a. the sound has a long wavelength b. the sound has a short wavelength c. the sound has a high amplitude sound wave

c

Luz, a math major, sees the drawing above as a Venn diagram. Her brother, an art major, sees it as two circles. The difference in perception is an example of a. synesthsia b. stimulus variables c. top down processing

c

Neema is training to be a research assistant at a nature preserve. Part of the training involves identifying the color of migrating butterflies' wings. However, Neema has recently sustained damage to her fovea. Which of the following would predict that she will likely struggle with the training? a. selective attention b.schema c.trichromatic theory d. gestalt theory

c

An individuals ability to focus on a particular conversation in a crowded room is called a) auditory localization b) dichotic listening c) divided attention d) selective attention

d

Ana is instructed by her doctor to wear a patch over one eye while an infection heals. While wearing the patch, Ana will lose her ability to use which of the following depth perception cues? a) relative cues b) interposition c) linear perspective d) retinal disparity

d

It can be assumed that an individual described as a supertaster a) is a man b) representa a majority of the US population c) has a low density of taste buds on the tounge d) is very sensitive to hot peppers

d

The perceived pitch of a tone is largely determined by its a. loudness b. timbre c. aplitude d. frequency

d

In psychology, Gestalt principles are used to explain

perceptual organization

Balance is influenced by the

semicircular canals

Which monocular depth cue is illustrated in the figure above?

linear perspective