Unit 4, Climate and land use

According to the figure, which has the highest albedo?

Fresh snow

Which might help contribute to reversing the process of ocean acidification? I. driving fewer gasoline powered cars II. reducing habitat fragmentation III. transitioning from coal to solar or wind power

I and III

Which of the following actions would be most likely to increase the protection of ecological systems in national forests?

Mandate that the government sale of logging rights in national forests be at fair market value

This biome is characterized by long dry seasons and is dominated by grasses, shrubs, and grazing animals.

Savana

Which of the following causes the air to rise high into the atmosphere in the areas labeled A, B, and C on the diagram?

Warm, moist air that is less dense than the surrounding air

Region largely responsible for the weather experienced at the Earth's surface

troposphere

Which is a reason that fires can be beneficial to ecosystems?I. Prescribed burns reduce the risk of uncontrollable natural fires.II. Fires trap nutrients in the soil, making it more fertile for plant regrowth.III. Fires and controlled burns set the conditions for primary succession to occur.

.I only

El Niño and La Niña are natural phenomena associated with changing water temperatures in the Pacific Ocean. The occurrence of these events can result in changes in global weather and ocean circulation patterns. Question Which of the following changes in eastern Pacific Ocean food webs is typically associated with La Niña events?

.Increased phytoplankton concentrations

Which of the following statements best describes the most unsustainable method of clear-cutting forests to harvest timber?

All of the trees in a forest are cut down and removed in one operation.

Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the data table below that shows the annual anchovy catch and average sea surface temperature off the coast of Peru from 1995 through 2001. Question The high sea surface temperature in 1998 was most likely due to

El Niño

Which of the following changes to the local hydrologic cycle will result if large areas of land experienced clear-cutting?

Evaporation of water from the soil will increase.

Which of the following best describes the primary cause of global ocean warming?

Increased global temperature from an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Sixty-five percent of global greenhouse gas emissions are made up of carbon dioxide, while only sixteen percent are made up of methane gas. Which of the following best explains why scientists are increasingly concerned about the effect of methane gas emissions on global climate if they are a relatively small percent of greenhouse gases released?

Methane gas has a higher global warming potential (GWP) than carbon dioxide does, so it can trap more heat in the atmosphere.

Industrial logging threatens many forested ecosystems. Which of the following environmental consequences will most likely result from clear-cutting deciduous forests for logging?

More carbon dioxide will be added to the atmosphere and increase anthropogenic climate change.

The most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere is

Nitrogen

The axis of Earth in relation to the Sun is tilted at a 23.5 degree slant, as illustrated in the diagram below. Use the diagram below to answer the next three questions. If the diagram illustrates Earth's relative position on December 21 of a given year, which of the following statements would be correct?

The Tropic of Cancer has a shorter day and lower solar radiation intensity because there is a direct relationship between day length and radiation intensity.

In the desert regions of the southwestern United States, daily high and low temperatures will frequently fluctuate by 40°F40°F (33°C)(33°C) or more. Which statement below best explains the large variation in temperature?

There are no bordering oceans or large bodies of water to provide a stabilizing humidity to the air.

What is the best explanation for the amount of rain that occurs at the equator?

Warm air rises at the equator, condenses at a high altitude, and falls back to Earth as rain

Traveling southward from the Arctic regions of Canada to the tropics of Panama, one passes through several biomes - tundra, coniferous forest, temperate deciduous forest, and tropical rain forest. This pattern of change in vegetation is primarily the result of

an increase in both mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation

Although levels of CFCs in the atmosphere are much lower than those of CO2 , CFCs are still potent greenhouse gases because they

circulate through the troposphere more easily than CO2 does

Sustainable use of forests in the United States would likely be encouraged by

cutting small groups of medium- and large- sized trees in uneven-aged forests

What is the primary cause of ocean acidification?

increased atmospheric CO2 levels

Directions: Select the choice that best fits each statement. The following question(s) refer to the data table below that shows the annual anchovy catch and average sea surface temperature off the coast of Peru from 1995 through 2001. Question The low anchovy catch in 1998 was most likely the result of

reduced ocean upwelling along the coast

Coral bleaching refers to

the death of algae within the tissue of corals.