unit 4 history
american system
...
asylum reform
...
brook farm
...
charles finney
...
cult of domesticity
...
eerie canal
...
frederick douglass
...
german & irish immigration
...
growth of cities in the northeast
...
horace mann
...
isolation of the south
...
king cotton
...
lowell system
...
nat turner
...
nativism
...
panic of 1837
...
peculiar institution
...
seneca falls
...
shakers
...
southern lady
...
temperance movement
...
textile mills
...
thoreau
...
transcendentalism
...
uncle tom's cabin
...
watham system
...
websters hayes debate
...
william lloyd garrison
...
force bill
1833 - The Force Bill authorized President Jackson to use the army and navy to collect duties on the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832. South Carolina's ordinance of nullification had declared these tariffs null and void, and South Carolina would not collect duties on them. The Force Act was never invoked because it was passed by Congress the same day as the Compromise Tariff of 1833, so it became unnecessary. South Carolina also nullified the Force Act.
pet banks
A term used by Jackson's opponents to describe the state banks that the federal government used for new revenue deposits in an attempt to destroy the Second Bank of the United States; the practice continued after the charter for the Second Bank expired in 1836. , (AJ) , State banks where Andrew Jackson placed deposits removed from the federal National Bank.
states rights
According to the compact theory of the Union the states retained all powers not specifically delegated to the central government by the Constitution. , belief that because the states created the United States, individual states have the power to nullify federal laws
whig party
An American political party formed in the 1830s to oppose President Andrew Jackson and the Democrats, stood for protective tariffs, national banking, and federal aid for internal improvements
2nd bank of the us
Andrew Jackson did not want to re-charter it; Biddle wanted the bank going., national bank chartered by congress in 1816 with extensive regulatory powers over currency and credit
daniel webster
Famous American politician and orator. he advocated renewal and opposed the financial policy of Jackson. Many of the principles of finance he spoke about were later incorporated in the Federal Reserve System. Would later push for a strong union.
internal improvements
Included roads, canals, railroads; essentially, an internal transportation network that would bind the country together.
john calhoun
John Caldwell Calhoun (March 18, 1782 - March 31, 1850) was a leading United States Southern politician from South Carolina during the first half of the 19th century. Calhoun was an advocate of slavery, states' rights, limited government, and nullification. the author of the exposition, and he was the Vice President of the United States. He was raised in South Carolina and supported the efforts to nullify the tariff. Calhoun was serving as Jackson's Vice President, but he had fallen out of Jackson's favor as his successor thanks in part to Martin Van Buren's efforts. He eventually resigned out of office and became senator of South Carolina to support the nullification efforts. Shows the greater divide.
indian removal act
Passed in 1830, authorized Andrew Jackson to negotiate land-exchange treaties with tribes living east of the Mississippi. The treaties enacted under this act's provisions paved the way for the reluctant—and often forcible—emigration of tens of thousands of American Indians to the West.
martin van buren
Served as secretary of state during Andrew Jackson's first term, vice president during Jackson's second term, and won the presidency in 1836
nullification crisis
Southerners declared federal protective tariffs null and void, Jackson responded with Force bill and suggested compromising over tariff; John C Calhoun was a big advocate , Southerners favored freedom of trade and believed in the authority of states over the federal government. Southerners declared federal protective tariffs null and void.
worcester v. georgia
Supreme Court Decision - Cherokee Indians were entitled to federal protection from the actions of state governments which would infringe on the tribe's sovereignty - Jackson ignored it , case where the state of Georgia tried to remove the Cherokee Indians, but Congress said it was illegal to remove them off their own land
tariff of abominations
The bill favored western agricultural interests by raising tariffs or import taxes on imported hemp, wool, fur, flax, and liquor, thus favoring Northern manufacturers. In the South, these tariffs raised the cost of manufactured goods, thus angering them and causing more sectionalist feelings.
trail of tears
The tragic journey of the cherokee people from their home land to indian territory between 1838 and 1839, thousands of cherokees died.
common man
a political leader who worked his way up to the top from the bottom. Andrew Jackson was the model common man. He had been orphaned, so he fought in the Revolutionary War at age thirteen. In the War of 1812, he became a hero and launched his political career soon after. He was like the rest of the country, and that's why they liked him so much. The common man began to take over during the Jacksonian Democracy.
reaper
cyrus mccormick
henry clay
influential Whig senator from Kentucky who supported the 1816 Second National Bank, helped pass the Missouri Compromise through the House of Representatives in 1820, candidate in the 1824 election in which he supported the American System, supported the American Colonization Society, and lost to Polk in the 1844 election
steel plow
john deere
nullification theory
promoted by John C. Calhoun and other South Carolinians said that states had the right to disregard federal laws to which they objected , said states were final judges of whether laws were constitutional- ie South Carolina could hold a convention and declare Tariff of 1828 void within the state
jacksonian democrats
the political party that Jackson forms (though just called Democrats) who have a solid Southern/Western base (generally poorer farmers). They want a small central gov't no national bank, no money for infrastructure; western expansion; gov't of the people
spoils system
the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power , The practice of rewarding supporters with government jobs. Jackson made this practice famous for the way he did it on a wide scale.
south carolina
threatened to secede over the tariffs of 1828 and 1832
