unit 4 mcqs part 1

Between 1500 and 1800, Europeans were primarily interested in tropical colonies in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and in the Caribbeans because

large profits could be made from products like sugar, coffee, and pepper

All of the following factors contributed to significant growth in worldwide population from 1750 through 1900 EXCEPT

new grain crops developed in the Green Revolution

Which of the following best explains Europe's ability to gain a greater share of global trade in the early modern period?

Adoption and improvement of maritime technologies by Europeans

The Columbian Exchange involved which of the following new connections in the era 1450-1750?

African population to the Western Hemisphere; Western Hemisphere food to Europe and Africa; African and European diseases to the Western Hemisphere

Which of the following provides the most accurate description of the Columbian Exchange?

African population to the Western Hemisphere; Western Hemisphere food to Europe and Africa; African and European diseases to the Western Hemisphere

Which of the following best illustrates the argument described in the passage above?

Amerindians were killed in large numbers by diseases such as smallpox and measles.

Which of the following best describes Alfred Crosby's argument in the passage above?

Amerindians' long isolation from the rest of the world had placed them at a biological disadvantage.

Which of the following is most likely to have influenced eighteenth-century population trends in both Europe and China?

Introduction of Western Hemisphere crops

Which of the following consequences of the Columbian Exchange most affected Amerindians in the sixteenth century?

Diseases caused pandemics

In the period 1550-1750, most of the world's ten largest cities were located in which of the following regions?

East Asia

Which of the following factors best explains why the Portuguese did not engage in direct trading relations with West African states until the fifteenth century?

Lack of the necessary navigational and maritime technology

Which of the following best describes the impact on African society of the trade depicted on the map?

Gender and family roles were restructured as the male population in West Africa diminished.

The trade illustrated by the map contributed most directly to which of the following?

Haitian Revolution

Based on the description of the discovery of silver in Zacatecas in the second paragraph, which of the following conclusions about Mota y Escobar is best supported?

He was critical of the motivations of the Spanish conquistadors.

The expansion of trade routes along the coast of Africa as shown on Map 2 was most directly facilitated by which of the following?

Improved ship designs and navigational technologies

Which of the following historical developments most strongly contributed to the mapmaker's depiction of West Africa and the southern half of the world in Map 2?

Portugal's development of maritime technology and navigational skills

The ability of Portuguese merchants and explorers to communicate with the local population of Canton was most likely an effect of which of the following?

Portuguese merchants had established trading posts in southern China.

Which of the following would best support the conclusion that the Columbian Exchange involved more profound consequences than did earlier biological exchanges in world history?

Previous exchanges did not involve the world's two hemispheres.

Historians consider the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to be a time of great change in cultivation methods and in the physical landscape of Latin America.

Slave labor and sugar

Which of the following factors would contribute most to future revisions of Map 2?

Spanish sponsorship of trans-Atlantic and trans-Pacific maritime exploration

Between 1450 and 1750, which of the following were produced on large plantations by slave labor for the world market

Sugar and tobacco

The Portuguese presence in southern China as described in the passage was most directly enabled by which of the following?

Technological developments in cartography and navigation

Which of the following pieces of evidence does the author use to support his implicit argument that Maya society underwent a dramatic cultural change in the sixteenth century?

The Maya were converted to Christianity.

Which of the following pieces of evidence does the author use to support his claim that the arrival of the Spanish "destroyed our people"?

The Spanish conquered all Maya towns.

Muslim maritime activities in the Indian Ocean would be most disrupted by which of the following sixteenth- century developments?

The arrival of Portuguese and other Europeans

A historian could best use the passage as evidence for which of the following?

The creation of a new political and economic elite in the immediate aftermath of the European conquest

Which of the following was the most immediate effect of the Portuguese establishment of a school for navigation in the 1400s?

The development of overseas trade between West Africa and Europe

All of the following pieces of evidence in the passage directly support the author's claim that the "pestilence" was "terrible" EXCEPT:

The disease led to the arrival of Dominican friars.

The economic activities described in the passage contributed most directly to which of the following?

The emergence of the first truly global exchange networks

Sun Yuting's analysis of the factors that contributed to the relative economic strength of China and Great Britain best illustrates which of the following continuities from the period 1450-1750?

The global circulation of goods was fueled by European merchants' access to Asian markets.

The historical trend represented by the table is most similar to which of the following?

The impact of the Columbian Exchange on American populations in the sixteenth century

Which of the following changes best justifies the claim that the late 1400s mark the beginning of a new period in world history?

The incorporation of the Americas into a broader global network of exchange

Which of the following best explains the relative volume of trade to different destinations as shown on the map?

The increasing demand for labor on cash crop plantations

Based on the passage, it could be inferred that the high prices of firewood in seventeenth-century Zacatecas were a result of which of the following processes?

The introduction of European practices of resource extraction

Which of the following describes the most important cause of the demographic changes associated with the Columbian Exchange?

The introduction of New World food crops to Afro-Eurasia and the spread of epidemic diseases to the Americas

Which of the following best explains the overall population trend shown in the table?

The spread of epidemic diseases as a result of contact with Westerners

Which of the following best explains a similar motivation behind the establishment of Portuguese trading posts in Africa and the establishment of Portuguese trading posts in Asia?

The trading posts in both regions were intended to allow the Portuguese to control access to heavily trafficked maritime routes.

A historian would most likely use Map 1 to research which of the following developments in the period 1450-1750?

The ways that European cartography drew on earlier knowledge from the Islamic world and merchant activity in the Mediterranean

Which of the following best explains an effect of Spanish voyages across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans in Europe in the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?

They greatly increased interest in transoceanic travel and trade in other European countries.

Which of the following best explains a similarity between the earliest English and French voyages across the North Atlantic in the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?

They were often launched in the hopes of finding alternative sailing routes to Asia.

Which of the following aspects of Map 2 can best be used to support the claim that a truly global trading system developed during the period from 1450 to 1750 ?

Trade routes extending east and west from Eurasia toward the Americas

Which of the following was a major environmental effect of the European establishment of plantation agriculture in the Americas during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

Widespread deforestation and depletion of soil nutrients

All of the following were significant environmental effects of the trade illustrated on the map EXCEPT

air pollution resulting from the increased exploitation of fossil fuels

Some world historians have argued that the growth of European influence in the period 1450—1750 was due in large part to non-European inventions. The history of which of the following technological developments best supports this contention?

compass

In the period after circa 1450, trade along the routes shown on the map declined in large part because of the

increase of maritime trade along the African coast

The main arguments of the two sources are most similar in their emphasis on the

significance of European access to precious metals from the Americas

the makeup of Zacatecas, as described in the passage, can best be used as evidence of which of the following?

the dependence of colonial economies of coerced labor

An important reason for China's rapid population increase in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was

the introduction of new crops from the America

The two interpretations of economic history of the early modern period differ most strongly concerning

the relative importance of Europe in the global economy