UNIT 5

According to the standford-Binet formula for an intelligence quotient (IQ) the IQ of a ten-year-old child with a mental age of eight and a half years is

85

Graph question about Hermann Ebbinghaus

A

Which of the following scenarios best demostrates the role of context effects in memory?

Amy studied for a vocab test in the same classroom and at the same time of day as the normal class, and she performed better on the test than students who studied in diff classrooms under diff conditions.

Which of the following scenarios is an example of retroactive interference?

Carl tries to remember the name of his first boss, but he cannot because he keeps thinking of the name of his current boss.

Dr. Porter is studying the effectiveness of two intervention programs to improve the outcomes of children who have an intellectual disability. Which of the following groups of children should she include in her study?

Children who have an IQ between 50 and 69

the IQ test has traditionally been based on the relationship between an individuals mental age and his or her

Chronological age

Which of the following types of intelligence would be most important in answering trivia questions?

Crystallized

According to research by Fergus I.M Craik and Endel Tulving on levels of processing following would most improve the ability to recall the word "umbrella"

Deciding whether an umbrella would be useful to pack for a trip

Which of the following psychologists is most strongly associated with research on false memories

Elizabeth Loftus

Dr. Rudolph's class has a big test coming up next week. Which of the following students is using a studying strategy that is most likely to lead to memory consolidation?

Elizabeth studies for a half hour before she goes to bed each night the week before the exam.

A teenager would most probably draw on which of the following to recall her tenth birthday party?

Episodic memory

Which of the following best illustrates Ebbinghaus' forgetting curve?

Erik studied Italian in college. After he graduated, he went backpacking in Europe, where he realized he had forgotten a lot of Italian. Years later, he went on another trip to Italy and was surprised to discover that he remembered about the same amount of Italian as during his first trip.

After Doug witnessed two cars involved in a car accident, a police officer asked Doug how fast the cars were going when the accident happened. According to research by Elizabeth Loftus, which of the following questions could the officer ask that would make Doug most susceptible to the misinformation effect?

How fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?

Hillary glances at a graph and then turns her head away less than a second later. When she tries to immediately remember what she saw, which of the following types of memory does Hillary use?

Iconic

Martin has been heavily influenced by the work of Lewis Termen. Which of the following perspectives of intelligence would Martin most likely have?

Intelligence is primarily a biological based capacity

Which of the following statements describes the Flynn effect

Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores in the United States were higher in 2003 than in 1993.

The flynn effect is best illustrated by which of the following statements?

Intelligence scores increases from generation to generation

Which of multiple intelligence posited by Howard Gardner is most closely related to the concept of emotional intelligence?

Interpersonal

When studying for a vocabulary test, Catherine read one of her vocabulary words and its definition aloud several times. About twenty seconds later, she still remembered the word's meaning, but then she moved on to the next word in the list without engaging in any further strategies to enhance her memory. The next day, she tested herself on the same vocabulary word at the same time, in the same mood, and in the same location as when she had first studied the word, but she could not remember its definition. It is most likely that Catherine could not remember the word because she failed to engage which of the following memory functions?

Long-term memory, because Catherine failed to encode the word; therefore, the word did not become a part of her long-term memory.

A sudden inability to remember how to tie a certain kind of knot indicates a deficit in which kind of memory?

Procedural

After visiting her professor's office, Rachel writes down everything she remembers seeing there. She correctly remembers many details, but she falsely remembers seeing books even though there were no books in the office. Additionally, she did not remember seeing a skull that was in the office. Which memory concept best explains why Rachel falsely encoded the books and failed to encode the skull?

Schemas

Meeve wants to change her college major but has decided not to because she is close to finishing. She believes that the time spent in her current program will be wasted if she changes now. Meeve is experiencing

The Sunk-cost fallacy

Which of the following best describes the primacy effect

When people have better recall of things that recall of things that occur at the beginning of a sequence

Maria is a 13 year old who is deaf......

a sensitive period

Charles Spearman's concept of g is most accurately defined as

a single,m underlying intellectual capacity measured by intelligence tests

Average IQ scores have increased steadily over the past 100 years. It has been argued that this effect is most likely due to

an increase in the average number of years in school

Genie demonstrated the effects of

critical periods

A normally functioning 65-year-old who cannot solve abstract logic puzzles as quickly as he did when he was younger is experiencing a

decrease in his fluid intelligence

Creativity is most closely associated with

divergent thinking

Martine needs a hammer but cannot find one. As she looks around her apartment, her gaze passes over a metal paperweight and some other objects that could potentially serve as a makeshift hammer. However, she is so focused on these objects' typical uses that she does not think to use any of them as a hammer. Martine is experiencing which of the following?

functional fixedness

Wolfgang Kohler considered a chimpanzees student solving s problem evidence of

insight

the types of intelligence that Howard Gardner described as individuals' abilities themselves and to be aware of their talents and limitations is

intrapersonal

A disadvantage of using Alferd Binet's concept of mental age in assessing intelligence is that

it is inappropriate for adults

Which of the following statements is true of insight problem solving

it requires an incubation period in in which the problem solver can start fresh on the problem

In a memory study, the experimenter reads the same list of words to two groups. She asks group A to count the letters in each word, and she asks group B to focus on the meaning of each word for a later memory quiz. During a recall test, participants in group B recall significantly more words than participants in group A. Memory researchers attribute this effect to differences in

levels of processing

A basic assumption underlying short-term memory is that it is

limited in capacity

the cerebellum is most directly involved in

motor learning

Alfred Binet efforts to measure intelligence were directed at

predicting children success in school

memories of well-learned skills, such as riding a bicycle, are classified as

procedural

The difference between divided attention and selective attention is that divided attention

requires more automatic processing than selective attention does

Ms. Reagan, who is a teacher, agrees more with Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence than Charles Spearman's theory of intelligence. Which of the following scenarios would she most agree with?

s. Reagan thinks that her students exhibit more than one type of intelligence. For example, she notices her student Noel plays well with others as well as alone.

ichael, who has an IQ of 60, is able to do complex calculations in his head, regardless of the size of the numbers. When he is with his family and friends, he does not engage socially; he focuses on his numerical calculations. Which of the following best describes these characteristics?

savant syndrome

Piper reads about someone described as adventurous she then judges that this person is more likely to be a lawyer who enjoys hiking than a lawyer who does not. The best explanation for Pipers error is that she is basing her judgment on

the representatives heuristic

Research on stereotype threat indicates that students might not do as well as they can on a test if

they are informed that people of ethnicity, age, or gender usually do not perform well on the tests

Metacognition refers to

thinking about thinking