Unit 5

Which of the following is most accurate about a typical night's sleep?

As sleep progresses, NREM-3 sleep diminishes while REM sleep increases.

Which of the following is true of alcohol?

In large doses, it is a depressant; in small doses, it is a depressant.

Which of the following is a psychedelic drug?

LSD

Compulsive craving for and use of a drug is an indication of

addiction

Which drugs are most likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers?

barbiturates

In one study, both hypnotized and unhypnotized subjects were told to throw acid in a researcher's face. In this experiment, hypnotized people

behaved in the same fashion as unhypnotized individuals.

Which of the following is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance?

caffeine

With the approach of night, our body temperatures begin to drop. This best illustrates the dynamics of the

circadian rhythm

Our inability to fall asleep early as we had planned is most likely a reflection of

circadian rhythm.

Research indicates that alcohol

disrupts the processing of recent experiences into long-term memories.

The divided-consciousness theory of hypnosis states that hypnosis involves

dissociation.

Sensory experiences that occur without a sensory stimulus are called

hallucinations.

Hypnosis involves a state of

heightened openness to suggestion.

Research indicates that the percentage of total sleep spent in REM sleep is higher in ________ than in ________.

infants; adults

Layla has difficulty going to sleep and staying asleep. Layla is most likely suffering from

insomnia

Greg remembered a recent dream in which his girlfriend suddenly grabbed the wheel of his speeding car. Greg's therapist suggested that the dream might be a representation of the girlfriend's efforts to avoid sexual intimacy. According to Freud, the therapist was attempting to reveal the ________ of Greg's dream.

latent content

Shane, a straight-A student, remembers dreaming that he failed an important chemistry test. According to Freud, Shane's account represents the ________ content of his dream.

manifest

THC, the active ingredient in ________, is classified as a ________.

marijuana; hallucinogen

When light strikes the retina, it signals the suprachiasmatic nucleus to alter ________ production by the pineal gland.

melatonin

The British government classifies the highly addictive crystallized form of ________ as one of the most dangerous of drugs.

methamphetamine

Which of the following sleep disorders would be the most incapacitating for a commercial bus driver?

narcolepsy

Which of the following drugs is classified as a stimulant?

nicotine

About three hours after he falls asleep, Bobby often sits up in bed screaming incoherently. His mother tries to awaken him, but with no success. His pulse races and he gasps for breath. The next morning, he remembers nothing. It appears that Bobby suffers from

night terrors

Morphine and heroin are

opiates

REM sleep is called paradoxical sleep because

our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move.

Physical pain and intense cravings indicate

physical dependence.

Deep sleep appears to play an important role in

physical growth.

Just prior to awakening Chinua from a hypnotic state, the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he reached for a cigarette. Chinua's therapist was attempting to make use of

posthypnotic suggestion.

Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called ________ drugs.

psychoactive

Alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and a wide variety of other chemical agents that alter perceptions and moods are called

psychoactive drugs.

REM rebound involves the

tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation.

Sleep apnea is a disorder involving

the cessation of breathing during sleep.

As drug users experience neuroadaptation, they demonstrate signs of

tolerance.

The need to take larger and larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of

tolerance.

Terry has not had a decent night of sleep in over a week. If this sleep deprivation continues, he will become increasingly susceptible to

viral infections.

Margie insists that she never dreams, but her sister feels she can prove otherwise. To prove that Margie does dream, the sister should

wake Margie after 5 minutes of REM sleep and ask her what she's dreaming.

The discomfort and distress that follow the discontinued use of certain drugs is called

withdrawal

Genital arousal is most likely to be associated with

REM Sleep

Evidence suggests that we consolidate our memories of recent life events through

REM sleep

The greatest danger of viewing drug addiction as a disease is that this may lead drug addicts to

feel powerless to overcome the addiction.