Unit 5 quiz

About ______ percent of 3- to 12 year-olds have at least one episode of sleepwalking. Sleepwalking occurs during which stage of sleep? See page 180.

20; 4 (NREM3)

Narcolepsy "sleep attacks" usually last less than _____ minute/s and may occur after __________. See page 186.

5; laughing loudly

The sale of sleeping pills rose by _____ % from 200 to 2006. See page 186.

60

Which of the following is most accurate about a typical night's sleep?

As sleep progresses, Stage 3 and Stage 4 sleep diminish while REM sleep increases.

Which of the following is true about the sleep patterns of twins? See page 181.

Only identical twins sleep patterns are strikingly similar.

Nightmares are to ________ as night terrors are to ________.

REM sleep; NREM3 (Stage 3/4)

Paradoxical sleep is to slow-wave sleep as ________ sleep is to ________ sleep.

REM; NREM3

The brain's suprachiasmatic nucleus is about the size of: ________. The suprachaistmatic nucleus triggers the brain's pineal gland to ________ its production of melatonin in the morning. See page 177.

a pair of grain-of-rice-sized cell clusters; decrease

Sleep apnea is a disorder involving

cessation of breathing during sleep

After flying from California to New York, Arthur experienced a restless, sleepless night. His problem was most likely caused by a disruption of his normal

circadian rhythm.

With the approach of night, our body temperatures begin to drop. This best illustrates the dynamics of the

circadian rhythm.

Young children who have the __________ Stage _____ sleep, are the most likely to experience both night terrors and sleepwalking. See page 187.

deepest and lengthiest; 4 (NREM3)

When light strikes the retina, it signals the suprachiasmatic nucleus to alter ________ production by the pineal gland.

melatonin

The lack of the neurotransmitter orexin has been linked to which of the following?

narcolepsy

Yawning stretches _______ muscles and ______ heart rate. See page 178.

neck; increases

About three hours after he falls asleep, Bobby often sits up in bed screaming incoherently. His mother tries to awaken him, but with no success. His pulse races and he gasps for breath. The next morning, he remembers nothing. It appears that Bobby suffers from

night terrors.

REM sleep is called paradoxical sleep because

our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move.

Alpha waves are associated with

relaxed but awake state.

Mr. Dayton occasionally stops breathing while sleeping. He wakes up to snort air for a few seconds before falling back to sleep. Mrs. Dayton complains that her husband snores. Clearly, Mr. Dayton suffers from

sleep apnea.

The rhythmic bursts of brain activity that occur during Stage 2 sleep are called

sleep spindles.

The circadian rhythm is influenced by light-sensitive retinal proteins that trigger signals to the

suprachiasmatic nucleus.

Terry has not had a decent night of sleep in over a week. If this sleep deprivation continues, he will become increasingly susceptible to

viral infections.

Layla has difficulty going to sleep and staying asleep. Layla is most likely suffering from

insomnia.