Unit 6 Exam Questions
The nurse is obtaining a history of the present illness with a elderly patient. Which of these findings are more consistent with an influenza infection versus a common cold? A - abrupt onset with fever and chills B - sneezing, runny nose, and sore throat for one day C - mild body aches, chest discomfort, but no headache D - gradual onset with fatigue and cough
A
Which oral antiviral drug that is commonly prescribed for influenza A and B works by preventing the release of newly formed virus? A - Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) B - Zanamivir (Relenza) C - Rimantadine (Flumadine) D - Amantadine (Symmetrel)
A
The novel corona virus known as COVID-19 has several classic symptoms. Select the typical presenting symptoms from the list. A - cough with SOB B - loss of sense of taste/smell C - fever/chills D - muscle/body aches E - abdominal pain/cramps F - nausea and vomiting G - constipation
ABCDF
What information should the nurse include when teaching parents of pediatric clients about ways to decrease the spread of influenza? (Select all that apply.) A - "cover your cough" education B - the importance of withholding immunizations for children with compromised immune C - an explanation of appropriate hand hygiene D - where to obtain the influenza vaccine E - methods for safe food preparation and storage
ACD
The clinic nurse is educating a group of new moms on the risk factors and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). What should the nurse stress as the best way to prevent RSV? A - monitoring temperature B - administering antibiotics C - hand washing D - limiting fluid intake
C
The mother of an 8-month-old baby who has developed respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)/bronchiolitis wants to know which factors contribute to the risk of contracting RSV. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? A - "There is a higher risk in children who are being breastfed." B - "It is seen more frequently in children who do not attend daycare." C - "There is a higher risk in children who are exposed to secondary cigarette smoke." D - "There is no way to avoid the illness."
C
The nurse is assessing a client who presents with purulent drainage and crusting of the eye. The nurse should recognize that these findings are most consistent with which type of infection? A - viral conjunctivitis B - fungal conjunctivitis C - bacterial conjunctivitis D - allergic conjunctivitis
C
The nurse is assessing a college student who presents with red, swollen eyes; photophobia; and yellowish drainage from the conjunctiva. Which question should the nurse ask the client first? A - "Did you get sand in your eye recently?" B - "Have you had extra caffeine this week?" C - "Have any of your friends experienced these symptoms?" D - "Have you been exposed to HIV?"
C
The nurse is placing a newborn baby in the nursery crib with the baby's back down. The mother tells the nurse that she doubts the baby will be able to sleep that way, as all the family members sleep on their stomachs. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? A - Suggest the mother place the baby on the stomach when at home. B - Place the baby on the stomach. C - Instruct the mother that placing the baby on the back will reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and it will not interfere with sleep. D - Instruct the mother that babies do not really care in which position they are in but placing on the back is easier to provide care.
C
The nurse is providing parenting teaching regarding reducing the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which teaching point is a priority for the nurse to include? A - Instruct on side-lying and face-down positions when in the crib. B - Ensure adequate nutritional intake for the mother and newborn. C - Instruct on face-up position when in the crib. D - Encourage good hand washing.
C
The nurse is providing supportive care for the parents of an infant who died from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which action by the nurse is appropriate? A - Interviewing the parents to determine the cause of the SIDS incident B - Refraining from recommending support groups until after the investigation C - Offering to contact the family's spiritual leader for support D - Advising the parents that an autopsy is not necessary
C
The nurse is planning care for a child with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. Which interventions should the nurse include in the child's plan of care to address the nursing diagnosis Impaired Gas Exchange? (Select all that apply.) A - Provide frequent rest periods. B - Weigh daily. C - Administer oxygen as prescribed. D - Weigh diapers E - Monitor vital signs and pulse oximetry.
CE
The nurse is caring for a client who is admitted with cellulitis of the foot. Which assessment findings support this diagnosis? A - blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine B - redness, pain, and edema at the site C - blood cultures D - breath sounds
B
The nurse is caring for an older adult client who is hospitalized with a second episode of pneumonia in the past 18 months. The client has expressed frustration to the nurse and states, "I never got sick when I was younger. Why is this happening?" Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A - "As you grow older, your immune system just quits working." B - "As you grow older, there is a decrease in the immune response, which puts you at greater risk for developing an infection." C - "As you grow older, there in an overall increase in the speed and strength of your immune response." D - "As you grow older, there is an increase in the number of B cells in the circulation, which hinders the immune response."
B
The nurse observes a toddler, admitted with possible respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis, grunting with expiration. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? A - Lay the child on his back. B - Suction the airway to relieve the obstruction. C - Limit fluids. D - Assist the child to clear the nasal passages.
B
The primary cells involved in infection by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are the A - smooth muscle cells in the bronchi and bronchioles. B - squamous epithelial cells of the bronchioles and alveoli. C - macrophages and monocytes of the bronchioles and alveoli. D - granular pneumonocytes in the alveoli.
B
What is the primary rationale for maintaining adequate hydration in clients with pneumonia? A - It helps increase blood pressure to maintain perfusion to vital organs. B - It helps keep the airway clear by making secretions easier to expectorate. C - It helps keep the mucus membranes moist to prevent further infection. D - It helps maintain urine output to clear toxins from the blood.
B
A labor and delivery nurse is providing care for a neonate in the first few minutes after birth. One action the nurse will take to promote eye health and prevent conjunctivitis in the infant is administration of A - erythromycin eye ointment. B - parenteral acyclovir. C - oral tetracycline. D - ceftriaxone as an eye drop.
A
A toddler with otitis media is prescribed amoxicillin clavulanate 250 mg/5 mL three times daily by mouth for 10 days. What should the nurse teach the mother about this medication? A - "Give the antibiotic for the full 10 days as prescribed." B - "It is important to measure the prescribed dose in a household teaspoon." C - "Be sure to administer a loading dose of the medication when you get home." D - "It is OK to stop the antibiotic if the child begins to have side effects."
A
An infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is prescribed intubation to maintain an adequate airway. Who will the nurse collaborate with to maintain the endotracheal tube and ventilation? A - a respiratory therapist B - an advanced practice nurse C - a play therapist D - the primary healthcare provider
A
The body structure that provides a route by which infections organisms can enter the middle ear to cause otitis media is the A - eustachian tube. B - nasopharynx. C - tympanic membrane. D - sinus cavity.
A
The mother of a 5-month-old baby, who attends daycare, is concerned because the child has developed a runny nose, cough, and low-grade fever over the last few days. These symptoms are consistent with which condition? A - common cold B - meningitis C - respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis D - bronchitis
A
The nurse is caring for a client who refuses treatment for otitis media. The nurse correctly teaches the client that she is at increased risk for developing which condition? A - meningitis B - pneumonia C - influenza D - otitis externa
A
The nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. Which assessment finding indicates that treatment has been effective? A - client respiratory rate within normal limits for age B - client coughing copious amounts of green sputum and requires occasional suctioning C - client ingesting small amounts of clear fluids when encouraged D - client resting in bed with limited interest in play or activities
A
The nurse is reviewing diagnostic and laboratory studies performed for a client with influenza. Which result should the nurse recognize as being consistent with influenza? A - decreased white blood cell count B - decreased sodium level C - increased BUN D - fluid-filled lungs on chest x-ray
A
The nurse is teaching the mother of an infant with otitis media to manage the associated fever and pain. Which instruction by the nurse is correct? A - Administer acetaminophen. B - Feed the baby solid foods. C - Bathe the baby with cool water. D - Swaddle the baby in blankets.
A
What organism is most commonly responsible for cellulitis? A - staphylococcus aureus B - staphylococcus epidermidis C - streptococcus pneumoniae D - streptococcus viridans
A
Which type of pneumonia rarely occurs in individuals with normal immune function? A - Pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jiroveci B - Pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae C - Pneumonia caused by the influenza virus D - Pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae
A
The nurse is providing care for a pediatric client with bacterial conjunctivitis. Which interventions should the nurse use as part of the collaborative management of the client? (Select all that apply.) A - performing careful hand hygiene B - contacting the client's school nurse C - administering antiviral therapy D - recommending removing contacts at night E - recommending dark sunglasses
ABE
Which interventions should the nurse anticipate carrying out to promote effective breathing in a client with respiratory manifestations of the flu? (Select all that apply.) A - Maintain adequate hydration. B - Prepare the client for the possibility of a tracheostomy tube. C - Administer antitussives during the day. D - Teach the client coughing and deep breathing. E - Keep the head of the bed elevated.
ADE
The nurse assesses fatigue in a toddler with acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for the infant? A - activity Intolerance B - ineffective Tissue Perfusion C - acute Pain D - decreased cardiac output
B
The nurse correctly explains to a young mother that bottle-feeding an infant in the upright position may help to prevent which infectious health problem? A - influenza B - otitis media C - SIDS D - sinus infection
B
Which child has a risk factor for developing otitis media? A - a 14-year-old child who lives on a farm B - an 18-month-old child who attends daycare while his parents work C - a 5-year-old child who stays with her grandmother during summer break D - a 10-year-old child who plays baseball and soccer
B
The nurse is teaching a mother how to administer optical antibiotics to her child who has conjunctivitis. Which statement made by the mother indicates teaching has been effective? A - "I will drop the medication onto the eyeball." B - "I will rub the eye with a cotton ball after I administer the medication." C - "I will wash my hands before instilling the medication." D - "I will wait 10 seconds between different drops."
C
Which intervention should the nurse carry out to manage fever in a client with pneumonia? A - Use ice packs and a tepid bath every 2 hours. B - Increase the temperature of the room environment to prevent shivering. C - Promote frequent rest periods to increase energy reserve. D - Restrict fluids during periods of hyperthermia because of the risk of electrolyte imbalance.
C
The nurse walks into an examination room and sees a fussy young child pulling on their ear. The nurse recognizes this behavior is most characteristic of which health problem? A - common cold B - sore throat C - hunger D - otitis media
D
Which instruction should the nurse provide to an adolescent client with otitis media with regard to pain? A - Report increased pain when moving the outer ear. B - Apply a cold compress to the affected ear. C - Continue plans for air travel. D - Report abrupt relief of pain immediately.
D
The nurse is instructing new parents on ways to decrease the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) with their newborn son. What should be included in these instructions? (Select all that apply.) A - Instruct that it is more common in babies from ages 6 months to 18 months. B - There is nothing that can be done, so requirements for toys and bedding are of no consequence. C - Remind the parents that the syndrome is more common in females than males, and that they have a male child. D - Do not smoke near the child and reduce all exposure to secondhand smoke. E - Avoid placing the baby in the prone or side-lying position for sleep.
DE
The nurse is planning care for a new mother who smoked during the pregnancy and whose sister lost a child to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which interventions are appropriate for the nurse to include in the plan of care for the new mother and baby? (Select all that apply.) A - smoking cessation information B - using bedding that is firm C - ages at which the child should receive immunizations D - reasons why the child should sleep with others E - information on bottle-feeding the infant
AB
The nurse is caring for a client who develops a fever and productive cough after abdominal surgery. Which orders should the nurse expect from the healthcare provider? (Select all that apply.) A - sputum cultures B - antibiotics C - chest physiotherapy D - bronchial washing for culture E - airborne Isolation precautions
ABC
The nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client who has acute conjunctivitis from Staphylococcus. Which should the nurse include when teaching this client? (Select all that apply.) A - "You can soak your eyelids with a warm cloth to soften crusts and exudates that may form." B - "Do not share towels, makeup, or contact lenses with anyone else, as this can spread the infection." C - "Wash your hands before cleansing the eye and administering eye drops." D - "It is OK to share makeup once the infection has resolved." E - "You may go back to sharing towels when the infection is gone."
ABC
The nurse is teaching a group of adolescents at a local high school about skin infections. Which students should the nurse identify as being at increased risk for developing cellulitis? (Select all that apply.) A - a student who plucks her eyebrows B - a student with diabetes C - a student who squeezes pimples D - a student who is a member of the golf team E - a student who applies moisturizer on a daily basis
ABC
The nurse is caring for a client who presents with acute malaise, muscle aches, and fever. Which additional assessment findings should the nurse recognize as consistent with influenza? (Select all that apply.) A - hypotension B - no history of vaccinations within the past 12 months C - nonproductive cough D - difficulty urinating E - dizziness
BC
When providing care to a client with a wound, which evidence-based interventions should the nurse anticipate carrying out? (Select all that apply.) A - only covering the wound if a scab forms B - teaching the client that proper wound management can reduce scarring C - keeping the wound dry D - keeping the wound covered E - ensuring that the wound remains moist
BDE
A client receiving intravenous antibiotics for 3 days as treatment for cellulitis is being prepared for discharge. Which discharge order should the nurse anticipate for this client? A - home healthcare aide for the client B - orders for evaluation by physical therapy C - low-sodium diet prescribed D - oral antibiotics to be continued at home
D
Because of the way the influenza virus is transmitted from person to person, nurses who are working with clients with influenza should implement A - contact precautions. B - airborne precautions. C - reverse isolation precautions. D - droplet precautions.
D
On which region of the body would the nurse most expect to observe erysipelas? A - neck B - back C - abdomen D - face
D
The nurse is caring for a client with pneumonia. Which intervention should the nurse include in this client's plan of care to promote effective airway clearance? A - Limit fluid intake to 1000 mL per day. B - Provide the client with smoking cessation education. C - Administer the pneumococcal vaccine prior to discharge. D - Perform chest percussion every 4 hours and prn.
D