Unit 6: Individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Inattention is the primary deficit for all students with ADHD. True False

False Inattention is the primary deficit for some students with ADHD. Others students may have hyperactive-impulsive disorder or a combination of the two.

Medical evaluations and academic achievement assessments are given to children to diagnose ADHD. True False

False Medical evaluations, rating scales, and child behavior checklists are used to diagnose ADHD.

True or false? The process of assessing students with ADHD is multifaceted. True False

True

Symptoms that meet the criteria for inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity were present for the past 6 months. May be hyperactive but focused in some settings and inattentive and withdrawn in other settings. 1. Combined type 2. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type 3. Predominantly inattentive type

1. Combined type

Responding to his teacher's cue to listen to the directions for a task 1. Coming to attention 2. Selective attention 3. Maintaining attention

1. Coming to attention

Ms. Sanchez, a middle school special education teacher, is adapting her classroom learning activities for her student Randall, who has serious attention and behavioral problems. She realizes that she must observe Randall to determine what occurs just before and after the problematic behaviors. What is the approach called that Ms. Sanchez has realized she needs to take? 1. Functional behavioral assessment 2. Functional curricula 3. Behavioral contracting 4. Behavioral self-recording

1. Functional behavioral assessment

How does medication for ADHD work? 1. It activates the executive functioning capabilities of the brain. 2. It suppresses the central nervous system (CNS). 3. It reduces anxiety.

1. It activates the executive functioning capabilities of the brain.

Which exceptionalities most frequently co-occur with ADHD? (Choose all that apply.) 1. Learning disabilities 2. Cerebral palsy 3. Hearing or vision loss 4. Emotional and mental health disorders

1. Learning disabilities 4. Emotional and mental health disorders

Which of the following is not a type of assistive technology to support organization and study skills 1. Noise cancelling earphones 2. Software programs that create graphic organizers 3. Auditory and vibrating alarms to schedule study time 4. Electronic calendar with reminders

1. Noise cancelling earphones

attending to important stimuli and ignoring irrelevant stimuli 1. Selective attention 2. Behavioral inhibition 3. Working memory

1. Selective attention

Theresa's possibly being diagnosed with ADHD is part of a trend. That is, the gender gap in the identification of ADHD is narrowing. What is the most likely reason for this change? 1. There is more awareness now of how ADHD looks in girls. 2. The definition of ADHD has changed. 3. There has been a decrease in the identification of boys.

1. There is more awareness now of how ADHD looks in girls.

When is ADHD medication most effective? 1. When combined with behavioral interventions and environmental and instructional accommodations 2. When it is used by adolescents over 18 years of age 3. When no side effects are experienced 4. When it is started before other interventions are tried

1. When combined with behavioral interventions and environmental and instructional accommodations

Inattentive-type ADHD manifests itself in the classroom as________________. 1. seemingly careless mistakes in schoolwork 2. being first to raise hand even if the student doesn't have an answer 3. restlessness after 30 minutes of sitting

1. seemingly careless mistakes in schoolwork

Medication works for approximately _____________ of children with ADHD. 1. 90-95% 2. 70-80% 3. 25-30% 4. 10-20%

2. 70-80%

How does the American Psychiatric Association classify ADHD? 1. As an obsessive compulsive disorder 2. As a neurodevelopmental disorder 3. As a mild psychotic disorder 4. As a type of anxiety disorder

2. As a neurodevelopmental disorder

ability to delay a response 1. Selective attention 2. Behavioral inhibition 3. Working memory

2. Behavioral inhibition

Often blurts out an answer before a question has been completed is an example of a behavior associated with which of the following subtypes of ADHD? 1. Predominantly inattentive type 2. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type 3. Combined type

2. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type

Often blurts out an answer before a question has been completed. Gets up frequently to walk or run around 1. Combined type 2. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type 3. Predominantly inattentive type

2. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type

Which of the following subtypes of ADHD are associated with the characteristics of; often fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, at work, or with other activities and often has trouble organizing tasks and activities? 1. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type 2. Predominantly inattentive type 3. Combined type

2. Predominantly inattentive type

Listening and looking at his teacher during the lesson 1. Coming to attention 2. Selective attention 3. Maintaining attention

2. Selective attention

Which of these statements is correct about assistive technology (AT) and students with ADHD? 1. Students with ADHD are always eligible for special education, but are not always entitled to AT. 2. Students with ADHD who are not eligible for special education may still be entitled to AT. 3. Students with ADHD must be eligible for special education in order to be entitled to AT. 4. Students with ADHD are never eligible for special education, but are always entitled to AT.

2. Students with ADHD who are not eligible for special education may still be entitled to AT.

An example of inattentive type ADHD is __________. 1. constantly moving around the classroom 2. does not seem to listen when spoken to by teachers or parents 3. blurts out answers before questions have been finished 4. adolescents and adults often feel restless

2. does not seem to listen when spoken to by teachers or parents

Which of the following is an example of inattentive type ADHD? 1. Feels restless after taking an assessment 2. Constantly moves around the classroom 3. Does not seem to listen when spoken to by teachers or parents 4. Blurts out answers before questions have been finished

3. Does not seem to listen when spoken to by teachers or parents

How is ADHD recognized, according to the American Psychiatric Association? 1. It used to have subtypes, but researchers now agree that there is only one type. 2. It has two subtypes - a predominantly inattentive type and a predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type. 3. It has three subtypes.

3. It has three subtypes.

Persisting and problem-solving when a task is difficult 1. Coming to attention 2. Selective attention 3. Maintaining attention

3. Maintaining attention

Which of the circumstances below is an example of how impulsivity might affect social development? 1. The child misses school frequently. 2. The child is very quiet and doesn't want to talk to other children. 3. Other children might be nervous around the child who is unpredictable.

3. Other children might be nervous around the child who is unpredictable.

Often fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, at work, or with other activities. Often has trouble organizing tasks and activities. 1. Combined type 2. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type 3. Predominantly inattentive type

3. Predominantly inattentive type

Eva, a 12-year-old student who has received support for her attention challenges since first grade, is learning to identify and control her own behaviors. What strategy should Eva's teacher teach her? 1. Self-esteem training 2. Self-identification 3. Self-monitoring

3. Self-monitoring

What type of learning environment do most children with ADHD best respond to? 1. Unstructured and unpredictable 2. Structured with some unpredictability 3. Structured and predictable 4. Equal parts structured and unstructured

3. Structured and predictable

Eight-year-old Ricardo was recently diagnosed with ADHD, and his doctor has recommended that he take a psychostimulant medication to assist him with controlling his hyperactivity. His parents are questioning how a stimulant medication can lower their son's activity level. What should the doctor say to explain how these medications could help their child? 1. They will stimulate his senses so that he can hear and see better. 2. They will choose only one medication and try it for one year, giving the brain time to adjust. 3. They increase the production of chemical neurotransmitters that control executive functions.

3. They increase the production of chemical neurotransmitters that control executive functions.

How could problems with behavioral inhibition contribute to the difficulty Michael has had making friends? 1. Remembering the rules of a game while he's playing it. 2. Staying in his seat when required. 3. Waiting his turn in the lunch line.

3. Waiting his turn in the lunch line.

remembering information for a brief period of time while new information is simultaneously coming in 1. Selective attention 2. Behavioral inhibition 3. Working memory

3. Working memory

How common are learning disabilities among students with ADHD? 1. somewhat common 2. very uncommon 3. very common 4. uncommon

3. very common

Which of the following is true about the ADHD Rating Scale-IV as an assessment measure? 1. It is somewhat reliable and valid. 2. It is not reliable or valid. 3. It's reliability and validity have been debated. 4. It is reliable and valid.

4. It is reliable and valid.

Which of the following is often used as part of the process of diagnosing children with ADHD? 1. an interview with the child's school principal 2. neuroimaging 3. an evaluation by a physical therapist 4. teacher-and parent-rating scales

4. teacher-and parent-rating scales

What is the most common type of medication used to treat individuals with ADHD? 1. Antipsychotics 2. Ibuprofen 3. Activity suppressants 4. Antihistamines 5. Psychostimulants

5. Psychostimulants

_________ of students with ADHD also have learning disabilities

50%

How long must ADHD symptoms be present?

6 months

________________ involve a number of self-directed behaviors, and problems with this are considered a core characteristic of ADHD.

Executive functions

higher order thinking processes that include planning, organizing, inhibition, and decision-making

Executive functions

Both inattentive-type ADHD and hyperactive/impulsive-type ADHD co-occur with learning disabilities. True False

True

Lack of emotional control is one characteristic of students with ADHD. True False

True

Persisting and problem-solving when a task is difficult or boring is called "maintaining attention." True False

True

Ritalin is one of the more popular stimulant medications prescribed. True False

True