Unit 6 Quiz 4
The violent union strikes in the 1890's helped reinforce the belief that labor union members were a) Anarchists b) Capitalists c) Democrats d) Republicans
a) Anarchists The union members were often accused of being anarchists. United States citizens feared anarchism, and this was a way for big business to villianize the unions.
In the late 1800s farmers demanded an increase in the money supply through the influx of silver. What law tried to meet the demands of the farmer? a) Bland-Allison Act b) Gold Standard Act c) Dawes Severalty Act d) Sherman Anti-Trust Act
a) Bland-Allison Act The Bland-Allison Act called for the government to increase the amount of silver each year and mint it into coins. Farmers believed the increased money supply would alleviate the debt farmers faced in the West.
https://www.usatestprep.com/modules/gallery/files/233/23310/23310.jpg -Flier for the Haymarket Square Rally in Chicago (1886) What can be inferred from the design of this flier? a) Immigrants were important to the Chicago workforce b) The organizers of this rally expected acts of violence c) Rally leaders had not established an organizational structure d) Company owners had little interest in the wellbeing of workers
a) Immigrants were important to the Chicago workforce This flier is designed with an English message on top and a German translation below. This indicates that immigrants were important to the Chicago workforce.
Which statement BEST describes the situation between laborers and industrialists, with regards to salaries, during the late-1800s? a) Laborers wages rose but so did expenses and the cost of living in industrial areas b) Industrialists were limited by Federal law as to the amount of money they could earn c) Most captains of industry kept workers happy by improving their pay and giving them more holidays d) Laborers were able to lead a success string of strikes and force factory owners to pay them better wages
a) Laborers wages rose but so did expenses and the cost of living in industrial areas In the late 1900s laborers wages rose but so did expenses and the cost of living in industrial areas. Industrialists like Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller were not affect by increased costs of living, but their unskilled laborers often found it impossible just to make ends meet. In some cases such a worker might earn $400 a year but needed over $500 just to pay rent and put food on the table for the entire family. Such discontent led to labor protests in the late-1800s and early-1900s.
https://www.usatestprep.com/modules/gallery/files/85/8562/8562.jpg Who won the election of 1896 on a platform of increased industrialization, higher wages, and the "gold standard"? a) William McKinley b) Grover Cleveland c) Theodore Roosevelt d) William Jennings Bryan
a) William McKinley The presidential election of 1896 was one of the most hotly contested races in American history. In it, William McKinley defeated William Jennings Bryan on a platform of increased industrialization, higher wages, and the "gold standard." Economic concerns like the currency question and building U.S. industrial strength through protective tariffs were key issues in the election.
The Populist Party was chiefly composed of a) individual farmers b) Eastern businessmen c) Northern abolitionists d) Northern factory owners
a) individual farmers The Populist Party was chiefly composed of individual farmers. The party was an off-shoot of The Grangers, which lobbied Congress for increased rights and opportunities for farmers.
Supporters of the Tariff of 1890, also called the "McKinley Tariff," argued that such measures would protect domestic industries from foreign competition by a) making imported goods more expensive to buy b) providing subsidies to American manufacturers c) allowing greater exports of American goods overseas d) raising taxes on the wealthiest ten percent of America's population
a) making imported goods more expensive to buy Supporters of the Tariff of 1890, also called the "McKinley Tariff," argued that such measures would protect domestic industries from foreign competition by making imported goods more expensive to buy. None of the other answer choices are realistic outcomes from the use of a tariff.
https://www.usatestprep.com/modules/gallery/files/44/4410/4410.jpg This poster of Thomas E. Watson is from the 1904 Presidential race. Which group of people would have been MOST LIKELY to support Watson and the Populist Party? a) poor farmers b) urban professionals c) rich industrialists d) suburban middle class
a) poor farmers The Populists drew support not just from poor farmers but from the poor in general. Watson was unique in that he campaigned for support from all races of poor, openly urging people to disregard their racial differences and focus on bettering themselves economically. Watson received over 100,000 votes nationally, finishing a very distant 5th to Theodore Roosevelt.
Which financial policy would a wealthy, northern industrialist have been MOST LIKELY to support in the late 1800s? a) the Gold Standard b) the Monroe Doctrine c) the Redeemer movement d) the Free Silver movement
a) the Gold Standard A wealthy, northern industrialist would have been MOST LIKELY to support the Gold Standard in the late 1800s. The Gold Standard favored large banks, big businesses, and corporations because it reduced inflation. The Free Silver movement appealed to poor, rural farmers who sought better prices for their crops. The Redeemer movement and the Monroe Doctrine were not related to financial issues.
https://www.usatestprep.com/modules/gallery/files/44/4406/4406.jpg According to this map, the Populists would have been LEAST likely to have found support in which of these cities? a) Boise b) Dallas c) Denver d) Las Vegas
b) Dallas Of the choices, Dallas would be the LEAST likely to have had supporters of the Populist Party in the election of 1896. Dallas is in Texas, and according the map that state supported the Democratic Party's candidate Grover Cleveland. Idaho (Boise), Colorado (Denver), and Nevada (Las Vegas) all supported the Populist Party.
What term BEST describes the U.S. government's policies towards businesses in the late 19th century? a) Imperialist b) Laissez-faire c) Mercantilist d) Protectionist
b) Laissez-faire The U.S. government's policies towards business in the late 19th century can BEST be described as laissez-faire. In the late 1800s, the government played a very minimal role in the functions of the overall economy. This resulted, in part, to a growing disparity of wealth between the industrialists and those who labored in factories and mines. This "hands-off" approach would begin to change by the turn of the century.
Which organization would have developed as a result of the passage of the Homestead Act of 1862? a) Populists b) The Grange c) Free Soilers d) Abolitionists
b) The Grange The Grange would have most likely developed after the passage of the Homestead Act. The Grange sought to protect farmer's rights and protect them from big business manipulation.
"You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns, you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold." ~William Jennings Bryan, 1896 According to this excerpt, which idea did William Jennings Bryan promote? a) socialism b) bimetallism c) Granger laws d) isolationism
b) bimetallism As a Populist orator, one of the many things William Jennings Bryan advocated was bimetallism. This was the belief that both silver and gold should be included in the money supply in order to expand the supply of money in the country. This would help the poor farmers who Bryan supported.
The debate between William McKinley and William Jennings Bryan in the election of 1896 centered around a) differences between imperialist and anti-imperialist desires b) economic concerns like the gold standard and protective tariffs c) foreign policy issues regarding U.S. imperialist policies in the Pacific d) civil rights issues related to segregation and discrimination in the South
b) economic concerns like the gold standard and protective tariffs The debate between William McKinley and William Jennings Bryan in the election of 1896 centered around economic concerns like the gold standard and protective tariffs. McKinley and the Republicans wanted the United States to stay on the "gold standard," while Bryan and the Populists supported the "free silver" movement to help the poor farmers of the South and West and to help pull America out of the depression that it had been in since 1893.
In order to improve the lives of their members, labor unions engage in collective bargaining with factory owners and management. Which of these is the BEST definition of the underlined word, "collective bargaining"? a) fighting b) meetings c) strikes d) walkouts
b) meetings "Collective bargaining" refers to meetings between labor leaders and the management of a business. This is the way that most disagreements or disputes are settled.
This controversial event in Chicago (1886) resulted in seven police and four protester fatalities, as well greatly discrediting the union movement. a) Wrigley Riot b) Pullman Strike c) Haymarket Riot d) Homestead Strike
c) Haymarket Riot The Haymarket Riot started out as a solidarity protest to the crushing of the protests at the McCormick harvester plant. While the details remain sketchy, many people died at Haymarket Square, with the Knights of Labor, anarchists, and German immigrants receiving blame for starting the ruckus. Some theorize that it was started by informants hired by the very union being protested against.
What Supreme Court decision was a direct result of the Pullman Strike? a) Roe v Wade b) Harris v Quinn c) In re Debs 1895 d) McCulloch v Maryland
c) In re Debs 1895 In re Debs 1895 was a Supreme Court decision against the labor unions that slowed down the power of the unions. Debs' petition for a writ of habeas corpus was also denied.
The growing societal and economic unrest of the late-1800s was MOST influenced by a) the much-disputed result of the Presidential election in 1877 b) popular resistance to the idea of going to war with Spain over Cuba c) a widening income gap between industrial laborers and factory bosses d) the Federal government's decision to end its use of the Gold Standard
c) a widening income gap between industrial laborers and factory bosses The final decades of the 19th century saw a widening income gap between industrial laborers and factory bosses.. The poor never really got a chance to better their condition, despite working many hours at often life-threatening jobs. However, industrial bosses, especially factory owners, often became incredibly wealthy at the same time their laborers were practically starving to death.
The Populist Party sought to increase the power of a) textile workers b) industrial unions c) agricultural workers d) immigrant populations
c) agricultural workers The Populist Party started as a party dedicated to securing more rights for agricultural workers (farmers). Of particular concern was the issue of what they perceived as unfair shipping rates imposed on farmers by the railroad industry and supported by politicians. Their base eventually widened to include workers who considered themselves disaffected by the political climate.
Which of these was an effect of the Industrial Revolution at the end of the nineteenth century in the United States? a) women's suffrage b) rural population growth c) an economic boom in the Northeast d) laws guaranteeing rights for labor unions
c) an economic boom in the Northeast Urban population growth led to an economic boom in the Northeast. This was the source of many of the resources needed to power and operate large factories. Labor unions were mostly suppressed during this time, as were any laws that would make the industrial workplace a safer environment.
Which of these occurred as a direct result of the U.S.'s late-nineteenth century industrialization? a) prison reform b) women's suffrage c) dangerous working conditions d) movement of affluent whites from urban to rural areas
c) dangerous working conditions As a result of industrialization, the US suffered urban overcrowding, political corruption, and dangerous working conditions. This situation would remain largely unaddressed until the early-20th century.
The ending of the Pullman Strike is significant because it a) demonstrated unions' superiority and solidarity b) demonstrated the US government's support of worker's rights c) demonstrated the US government's pro-business alliances d) showed that the US government was unwilling to get involved in business matters
c) demonstrated the US government's pro-business alliances The end of the Pullman Strike of 1894 demonstrated the US government's pro-business alliances. Government and media outlets joined together to criticize the workers who were asking for an end to pay cuts at a time when the Pullman company was making steady profits.
Which was a major source of debate between William McKinley and William Jennings Bryan in the Election of 1896? a) foreign policy issues regarding colonial land holdings b) domestic issues regarding segregation and civil rights c) economic issues like bi-metalism, the Gold Standard, and Free Silver d) foreign policy issues involving the acquisition of the Hawaiian islands
c) economic issues like bi-metalism, the Gold Standard, and Free Silver The major source of debate between William McKinley and William Jennings Bryan in the Election of 1896 centered around economic issues like bi-metalism, the Gold Standard, and Free Silver. McKinley, a supporter of the Gold Standard, carried the election over Bryan's "Silverite" Democrat party.
Which political party emerged in the 1870s seeking to assist farmers by making debts easier to pay and reducing the financial power of large banks and corporations? a) the Free Soilers b) the Know-Nothings c) the Greenback Party d) the Bull-Moose Party
c) the Greenback Party The Greenback Party was founded in 1874 and sought to assist farmers by making debts easier to pay and reducing the financial power of large banks and corporations. It was established as a political party whose members were primarily farmers financially hurt by the Panic of 1873.
-Formation of the National Farmers' Alliance, 1875 -United Mine Workers Strike, 1894 -Pullman Strike, 1894 All of these issues and conflicts were made possible -- and worse -- by a) the increasing likelihood of war with Spain b) the enormous power of national labor unions c) the growing disparity in income in the United States d) the government's refusal to allow immigrants to work
c) the growing disparity in income in the United States The period after the Civil War and before 1900 saw a great increase in American industrialization. While the owners of the industries got very wealthy, the workers tended to never see any of the profits filter down their way. Many conflicts, such as factory strikes and farmer protests, were caused by the growing disparity in income in the United States. In other words, the rich got richer...
The following all contributed to the Populist "revolt" EXCEPT a) protective tariffs made the items farmers needed more expensive b) maintaining the gold standard for our currency resulted in low farm prices c) the inability to get Homestead acts passed to provide cheap land in the west d) the farmers could not get any real aid from either the Democratic or Republican parties
c) the inability to get Homestead acts passed to provide cheap land in the west The inability to get Homestead acts passed to provide cheap land in the west did not contribute to the Populist revolt. In fact, a number of acts had been passed to help distribute land in the West.
The "Social Gospel" of late 19th century America held that a) only the most holy of people become rich b) the United States is God's "chosen country" c) the poor are wicked and are lesser in God's sight d) Christian principles should be applied to society's problems
d) Christian principles should be applied to society's problems Led by minister Josiah Strong, this movement addressed the most pressing social concerns of the country, believing that Christian principles should be applied to society's problems. The movement continued throughout the early 20th century and has actually seen a revival of sorts in the past decade.
This law was passed by Congress in 1890 to prevent the formation of monopolies and any other contracts or agreements that resulted in a "restraint of trade." a) Homestead Act b) Pendleton Act c) Executive Order 9066 d) Sherman Anti-Trust Act
d) Sherman Anti-Trust Act Originally designed to reinforce the American ideals of "free trade," the Sherman Anti-Trust Act sought to bust up monopolies like those formed by John D. Rockefeller. Unfortunately, its vague language, including the phrase "restraint of trade," left it open to interpretation, usually benefiting corporations instead of the working classes as originally intended.
Which situation BEST describes collective bargaining? a) Right-to-work laws are passed to prevent the formation of unions b) The company decides to relocate overseas to avoid a wage increase c) Union representatives go on strike to prevent a decrease in benefits d) Union and management officials meet to discuss terms of a new contract
d) Union and management officials meet to discuss terms of a new contract Collective bargaining occurs when union and management officials meet to discuss terms of a new contract. Both sides have tools they can use to pressure the other side to agree to their position. For example, unions can strike.
https://www.usatestprep.com/modules/gallery/files/233/23310/23310.jpg -Flier for the Haymarket Square Rally in Chicago (1886) What resulted from the event described in this flier? a) the establishment of the Knights of Labor b) the decline of industrial activity in Chicago c) an increase in union representation for women d) a bombing and riot resulting in multiple deaths
d) a bombing and riot resulting in multiple deaths This flier advertises a rally at Haymarket Square that became one of the bloodiest incidents in early labor history. After a large crowd of dissatisfied workers gathered and police were dispatched to break up the assembly, a bombing and riot resulting in multiple deaths.
"You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns, you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold." -William Jennings Bryan "Cross of Gold" Speech, 1898 In this excerpt, the speaker is supporting a) a switch to the gold monetary b) a repeal of federal and state death penalties c) greater religious and spiritual freedom for all d) a monetary policy that favors those who are not rich
d) a monetary policy that favors those who are not rich Bryan, a former Populist, hoped to see an end to the policy of linking the money supply to the amount of gold held in reserve by the Federal Government (the ' Gold Standard'). To give the working class more access to currency, he advocated basing the money supply on both gold and silver (bimetallism).
One of the ways in which labor unions achieve their goals is by negotiating on behalf of all their members. What is the term for this? a) parity b) benefits package c) workforce mobility d) collective bargaining
d) collective bargaining Through collective bargaining unions negotiate on behalf of all their members. Management thus faces group action if they fail to meet the union demands.
The majority of the reforms advocated by the Populist Party were a) forgotten as the party declined b) opposed by the Progressive party c) undesirable in a democratic country d) incorporated into laws by either the state or federal government
d) incorporated into laws by either the state or federal government The majority of the reforms advocated by the Populist Party were incorporated into laws by either the state or federal government. Their goals were definitely NOT forgotten, for the Progressive politicians (both Democrats and Republicans) were able to get done what the Populists could not (electoral reform and and poor/urban issues).
The Populist Party was established in the 1890's to a) support the candidacy of William McKinley b) ensure that the US stayed on the gold standard c) reduce the tax burden on the wealthy industrialist class d) protect the political and economic interests of farmers and laborers
d) protect the political and economic interests of farmers and laborers The Populist Party was established in the 1890's to protect the political and economic interests of farmers and laborers. While it was ultimately not successful, their goals were taken up by Progressive Polticians in the first two decades of the 20th Century.
Which financial policy would a rural southern farmer have been MOST LIKELY to support in the late 1800s? a) the Gold Standard b) the Monroe Doctrine c) the Redeemer movement d) the Free Silver movement
d) the Free Silver movement A rural southern farmer would have been MOST LIKELY to support The Free Silver movement in the late 1800s. The Gold Standard favored large banks, big businesses, and corporations while the Redeemer movement and the Monroe Doctrine were not related to financial issues.
