Unit 6 Test Review

Which slogan best reflects the point of view of Cecil Rhodes as shown in this cartoon?

"Imperialism is a Glorious Pursuit."

Which title best describes the message of this cartoon?

"Temptations of the Imperialist Menu"

In early 20th-century Russia, which group may have gained support by circulating this poster?

Bolsheviks

In which of the following ways was the Mandate System SIMILAR to the Berlin Conference?

Both were used by Europeans to divide up different parts of the world along geographic, not ethnic lines

What was a principal reason for the success of European colonialism in Asia in the late 1800s?

Europe was able to dominate military and commercial relations with Asia

How did Henry Ford revolutionize the auto industry?

He saw workers as potential customers, paid them the unheard of wage of $5 / day, and introduced a more efficient assembly line for mass production

In an address to Congress in 1823, President James Monroe said that the Western Hemisphere was closed to further European colonization and interference in political affairs. The ideas expressed in this speech became known as the Monroe Doctrine and influenced American foreign policy up until the early 20th century. Which action is an example of a U.S. intervention in foreign affairs that the U.S. claimed was justified by the principles set forth in the Monroe Doctrine?

In 1895, Secretary of State Richard Olney sent a letter to Great Britain asking them to use arbitration to settle the boundary dispute between Venezuela and British Guiana

"It was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery and tall chimneys, out of which interminable serpents of smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever, and never got uncoiled. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with illsmelling dye. . . ." — Charles Dickens, Hard Times The author of this passage is describing conditions caused by the

Industrial Revolution

Statement A: We worked in a place that was noisy and dangerous. We did the same work over and over again. Many workers, often children, lost fingers, limbs, and even their lives. Statement B: Government should not interfere in business. To do so would disrupt the balance of supply and demand. Statement C: Government has a duty to interfere in order to best provide its people with a happy and safe life. Statement D: Advances in agricultural techniques and practices resulted in an increased supply of food and raw materials, causing a movement of the farmers from the countryside to the city. All of these statements describe events or viewpoints that relate to the

Industrial Revolution

What was the effect on the United States of the sinking of the ship Lusitania by a German submarine in 1915?

It aroused public anger against Germany and led President Wilson to demand that Germany respect the rights of travelers from neutral countries

Which of the following statements is true about the 1920s?

It was an era of extreme economic growth, big social changes, and political conservatism

Which action in Japanese history occurred during the Meiji Restoration?

Japan modernized its economy

Which statement describes the role played by the U.S. journalists during the Spanish-‐American war?

Journalists exaggerated events to build support for the war, giving the president and Congress little chance to resolve the conflict diplomatically

"Chronic wrongdoing may ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and adherence to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States to the exercise of an international police power." -Theodore Roosevelt, 1904 Which world region was the focus of the foreign policy expressed in this statement?

Latin America

The Enlightenment and the American Revolution were both major influences on 19th-century uprisings in

Latin America

Why was the Sacco and Vanzetti trial, in which two anarchists were convicted of murder, controversial when it occurred in 1921?

Many believed the two Italians did not receive a fair trial because of the anti-immigrant and anti-radical ideals of the era

On June 2, 1919, an anarchist's bomb exploded in front of the house of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. Other bombs had been set that day against different government officials. Palmer and the Department of Justice responded in January of 1920 with raids that arrested thousands of people who were suspected anarchists. It was soon questioned whether these "Palmer Raids" were constitutional, however, as a lack of communications and planning resulted in many innocent people being taken from their homes. In which way were the Palmer Raids possibly unconstitutional?

Many people were arrested without evidence

Based on a comparison of these maps of South America, which conclusion is accurate?

Many regions of South America gained their independence between 1790 and 1828

"Radical Immigrants Deported" "Bombs Explode on Wall Street" "Palmer Raids Criticized by Congress" These post-World War I headlines are most closely associated with the

Red Scare

Why does this cartoon depict Roosevelt carrying his "big stick" through the Caribbean?

Roosevelt believed that an aggressive foreign policy was needed to prevent Caribbean nations from incurring major debts with European nations

The best title for this map would be

Scramble for Africa

Which sentence provides information needed to complete BOTH the cause and effect portions of this diagram?

The 1898 Spanish-American War led to world power status for the United States

Why was it difficult for the US to stay neutral during the first part of World War I?

The U.S. had a close relationship with Great Britain, and the war interfered with trade

Which of the following helps to explain the reason for American expansionism in the mid-1800s and early 1900s?

The United States sought new markets for agricultural and industrial products.

"Harding Rejects Wilson's Foreign Policy—Wants Return to 'Normalcy'" "Coolidge Declares: 'The Chief Business of the American People Is Business'" "Hoover Calls for 'Rugged Individualism'; Rejects Paternalism and Socialism" Which policy of Republican presidents in the 1920s is most consistent with the positions stated in these headlines?

The federal government should assist business and limit foreign commitments

During World War I, the War Industries Board was established to shift the United States to a wartime economy. To accomplish this, they fixed prices and wages, set industrial priorities, and converted factories to producing war materials. Over 20 percent of the nation's production shifted to meet wartime goals. It was a defining moment of federal power; during this time, the government assumed many functions that it continues to have today. Which of these best demonstrates that the U.S. government grew during World War I?

The government gained responsibilities that it would keep after the war

Which conclusion about Great Britain's population between 1701 and 1850 is best supported by this map?

The population of some cities and towns increased dramatically

Which action completes this diagram?

The use of machine guns resulted in massive casualties

Which of the following is a true statement that created the most controversy in the United States at the end of the Spanish-American War?

There was a tremendous battle in the American press over acquisition of the Philippines

Which conclusion is most clearly supported by the information on the map?

United States military action was used to protect American interests

"Hawaiian Planters Urge American Annexation" "U.S. and Germany Negotiate for Control of the Samoan Islands" "U.S. Gains Control of Wake Island and Guam" Which conclusion can best be drawn from these headlines?

United States territorial expansion increased in the Pacific Ocean

PHILIPPINES: "What yer got?" CUBA: "Pie." THE PHILIPPINES: "Where'd yer git it?" CUBA: "Mah Uncle Sam gin it to me; an maybe if you was half way decent he' gin you some." Considering the cartoon and caption above, which of the following foreign policies best suits how Americans felt about Cubans and Filipinos?

White Man's Burden

This cartoon refers to events immediately after which war?

World War I

"I took the Canal and let Congress debate." -Theodore Roosevelt This quotation best demonstrates

a Presidential action that achieved a foreign policy objective

Which of these describes the image of the flapper?

a fashionable woman with a bobbed haircut, make-up, and clothes considered to be revealing

A long-term result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe was

a general rise in the standard of living

The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s can best be described as

a period of great achievement by African- American writers, artists, and performers

". . . Whether they will or no, Americans must now begin to look outward. The growing production of the country demands it. An increasing volume of public sentiment demands it. . . ." — Alfred T. Mahan, The Atlantic Monthly, December 1890 Supporters of Mahan's ideas most likely favored a foreign policy that would

acquire foreign markets

A major result of the Spanish-American War (1898) was that the United States

assumed a more prominent role in world affairs

President George Washington in his Farewell Address, President James Monroe in the Monroe Doctrine, and the opponents of the League of Nations all wanted the US to

avoid European conflicts

Which area of Europe was known as the "Powder Keg" of Europe prior to the outbreak of World War I?

b

The Senate rejection of the Treaty of Versailles represents which US political principle?

checks and balances

The White Man's Burden. "Take up the White Man's burden— Send forth the best ye breed— Go, bind your sons to exile To serve your captives' need; To wait, in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild— Your new-caught sullen peoples, Half devil and half child. . . ." — Rudyard Kipling, 1899 This stanza from Kipling's poem is most closely associated with the belief that it was the duty of Western colonial powers to

civilize the people they controlled

Which two major ideas are contained in the writings of Karl Marx?

class struggle and revolutionary change

This Thomas Nast cartoon shows the

competition between European nations for overseas territories after the Berlin Conference

"Public Ignores Prohibition Restrictions" "Evolution and Creation Debated in Scopes Trial" "Women Bring Change to the Industrial Workforce" What do headlines such as these from the 1920s illustrate?

conflict between traditional and modern values

The cartoonist is expressing concerns about the ability of the United States to

control territories spread out over vast distances

Shortly after World War I ended, some complained that the Versailles Treaty did nothing more than declare a truce for twenty years. Their assumptions proved correct when the unstable peace agreements and cooperation that had been established at the Paris Peace Conference were broken. Although U.S. President Woodrow Wilson had declared that the Great War was "the war to end all wars," in less than twenty years after it began in 1914, many nations had entered a second, devastating conflict. Due to the greater number of casualties, physical destruction, and tragedies, World War II often eclipses the memory of the First World War. According to this excerpt, the Treaty of Versailles

created a short-lived, unstable peace

The primary purpose of both the Suez and the Panama canals was to

decrease the distance of trade routes

The economic prosperity of the 1920s was mainly the result of the

development of new industries for consumer goods

One common theme in many of the writings of Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Langston Hughes was

dissatisfaction with the American culture of the 1920s

A goal of the Sepoy Rebellion in India and of the Zulu Resistance in South Africa was to

end foreign control

"We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine warfare. We shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the United States of America neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, we make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona. The settlement in detail is left to you. ..." — Telegram of January 19, 1917 This telegram was part of an effort to

enlist Mexican support for Germany if the United States declared war

One of the main purposes of the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) was to

establish a balance of power in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon

After World War I, one way in which the Red Scare, the passing of the Quota Acts, and the growth of the Ku Klux Klan were similar is that they all

exploited fears about people who were considered un-American

The establishment of the Open Door policy (1899-1900) and the response to the Boxer Rebellion (1900) showed that the United States wanted to

gain access to Chinese markets

The conclusion that can best be supported by the information on this map is that construction of the Panama Canal was motivated by the desire of the United States to

increase naval mobility and expand overseas markets

World War I was vastly different from previous wars because

it used modern weaponry, such as tanks and machine guns

Speaker A: There was nothing left for us to do but to take the Philippines, to educate the Filipinos, and to uplift, civilize, and Christianize them. Speaker B: If we wish to compete with other nations for foreign possessions, we must have navies and armies like theirs. Happily, the United States has no need to drain its resources in this way. Speaker C: We must insure that a canal across Central America is built. The United States needs an efficient shipping route between the east and west coasts. Speaker D: The principles of the Declaration of Independence should guide United States policy toward other nations. When did this discussion most likely take place?

just after Spanish-American War

". . . we shall fight for the things which have always been nearest our hearts, — for democracy, for the right of those who submit to authority to have a voice in their own governments, for the rights and liberties of small nations, for a universal domination of rights by such a concert of free peoples as shall bring peace and safety to all nations and make the world itself at last free. . . ." — President Woodrow Wilson This statement by President Wilson is directly advocating the idea of

national self-determination

Which concept is represented in these World War I recruiting posters?

nationalism

"I object in the strongest possible way to having the United States agree, directly or indirectly, to be controlled by a league [of nations] which may at any time ..., be drawn in to deal with internal conflicts in other countries. . . . We should never allow the United States to be involved in any internal conflict in another country." -Senator Henry Cabot Lodge Senator Lodge was raising objections to the

ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, which ended World War I

In the view of this cartoonist, Russia under Lenin's rule was characterized by

rejection of the czarist system

"Give Venezuela such an executive power in the person of a president chosen by the people or their representatives, and you will have taken a great step toward national happiness. No matter what citizen occupies this office, he will be aided by the Constitution, and therein being authorized to do good, he can do no harm, because his ministers will cooperate with him only insofar as he abides by the law. If he attempts to infringe upon the law, his own ministers will desert him, thereby isolating him from the Republic, and they will even bring charges against him in the Senate. The ministers, being responsible for any transgressions committed, will actually govern, since they must account for their actions." — Simón Bolívar, 1819 In this passage, which type of government is Simón Bolívar proposing for Venezuela?

republic

"Congress Passes Alien and Sedition Acts'' "Lincoln Suspends Habeas Corpus'' "Wilson Signs 1918 Sedition Act" These headlines show that the federal government can

restrict citizens' rights in times of crisis

The cartoon illustrates the actions of President Theodore Roosevelt in

securing the land to build the Panama Canal

The idea expressed in this cartoon is most closely associated with the

spheres of influence established in China by foreigners

Which technological innovation of World War I is most closely associated with this German notice?

submarines

This 1912 cartoon depicts

tensions in pre-World War I Europe

What do the dark-gray areas on this map represent?

the British Empire

"The business of America is business." In this 1924 statement, President Calvin Coolidge was expressing the idea that

the economy functions best if government allows business to operate freely

President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points were based on the belief that

the principle of self-determination should be applied to people of all nations

One of President Theodore Roosevelt's favorite phrases was an African proverb which was "Speak softly, and carry a big stick, you will go far." Roosevelt's foreign policy became known as big stick diplomacy. Which statement best describes big stick diplomacy?

the threat of using military force in foreign policy

What was the main purpose of this poster?

to generate financial support for the war

Which factor was the most significant force in causing the changes between 1914 and 1919 as shown on the two maps?

treaties signed at the end of World War I

One political objective of both Otto von Bismarck and Giuseppe Garibaldi was to

unify their nations

Propaganda created during WWI was primarily concerned with

uniting a diverse population against the common enemy

Which concept is most closely associated with the pattern of population distribution in England shown on this map?

urbanization

The cartoon illustrates the tension that led to which war?

world war 1

The headlines in this newspaper are an example of

yellow journalism