unit 7 biology test study

What is the amino acid sequence for the following strand of mRNA? 'AUAACAGACGGC'? Use the abbreviations on the amino acid chart. Capitalize the first letter in each abbreviation and place a dash in between each abbreviation. E.G. Phe-Ser-Tyr-Cys * 2/2

Ile-Thr-Asp-Gly

What is the amino acid sequence for the following gene? 'TACAAGGCTACT' - Use the abbreviations on the amino acid chart. Capitalize the first letter in each abbreviation as seen on the chart and place a dash in between each abbreviation. Note - stop is all lower case. E.G. Phe-Ser-Tyr-Cys-stop

Met-Phe-Arg-Stop

Which of the following statements is true regarding mutations in body cells and germ cells?

Mutations in germ cells may be passed off to offspring of the organism and mutations in body cells may not.

The enzyme that assembles mRNA

RNA polymerase

Assume that the portion of DNA below is a gene for the development/formation of fingers on the hand. What type of mutation is taking place and will it affect the structure of the protein. Original DNA: TACAAGCTAACT Mutated DNA: TACAAGCTGACT

This is a point mutation and it will not affect the organism.

Each of the following is a type of RNA except for ________________

carrier RNA

Each nucleotide triplet in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid is called a _________.

codon

Identify the type of mutation that has occurred in the DNA strand below. Original DNA: TACAAGCTAACT Mutated DNA: TACAAGCCTAACT

frameshift mutation from insertion

the bond that takes place between paired bases is a __________________

hydrogen bond

Carries the DNA message from the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis.

mRNA

Molecule that composes the ribosome.

mRNA

Which of the following types of RNA carries instructions for making proteins?

mRNA

What type of mutation has taken place in the karyotype below?

nondisjunction trisomy

DNA, RNA, and ATP are polymers that are ______________________

nucleic acids

The monomer of nucleic acids

nucleotide

The structure labeled "X" in the figure below represents a_________________.

nucleotide

the entire molecule shown in the diagram below is called a/an

nucleotide

Molecules of DNA are composed of long chains of __________________.

nucleotides

The bond that takes place between amino acids in the formation of proteins is a __________

peptide bond

A mutation in which one nucleotide is substituted for another is a ____________________.

point mutation

identify the type of mutation that has occured in the DNA strand below: Original DNA- TACAAGCTAACT mutated DNA- TACAAGCTTACT

point mutation

Which of the following is not part of a DNA molecule?

ribose

Site of Protein synthesis

ribosome

Molecule that transfers amino acids to the ribosome.

tRNA

Process in which the DNA code is converted to mRNA.

transcription

Process in which the mRNA code is converted into a protein (polypeptide)

translation

the type of mutation depicted in the image below in which chromosome 17 has crossed over with chromosome one is

translocation

In RNA molecules, adenine is complementary to

uracil

The molecule in figure 1 is composed of ______ strands.

2

the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the exposed dna template bases to form new dna strands are

DNA polymerase

The entire figure below shows the structure a(an

DNa molecule

________ and ________ make up the backbone of a DNA strand.

Deoxyribose, phosphate

During DNA replication, a complementary strand of DNA is made for each original DNA strand. Thus, if a portion of the original strand is CCTAGCT, then the new strand will be

GGATCGA

______________________discovered a "transforming principle" which contained genetic information that changed harmless R bacteria into lethal S bacteria. This "transforming principle" was later defined as DNA.

Griffith

Match the letter on the diagram with the correct description.

A (monomer)= nucleotide B=nucleus C=amino acid D=mRNA E=tRNA F=anticodon G=ribosome H=mRNA I=codon

Give the codon for Methionine

AUG

which of the following is not found in DNA?

Uracil

the scientists credited with designing the model that establishes the structure of DNA are

Watson and Crick

he base-pairing rules state that the following are base pairs in DNA:

adenine—thymine; guanine—cytosine.

RNA differs from DNA in that RNA ______________________.

all of the above

the monomer of proteins

amino acids