Unit 7
The _____ was the systematic mass slaughter of Jews and other groups judged inferior by the Nazis.
Holocaust
What was the difference between the home fronts of the United States and other Allied countries like the Soviet Union and Great Britain?
Home fronts endured great hardships
Based on the audio commentary and the pictures, where were school classes held for the evacuated children?
In local schools sometimes church halls or public buildings
How did some Jews escape the horrors of the death camps with help from non-Jewish people?
Non-Jewish people hid them in their house, non-Jewish people helped them escape to neutral countries.
The Nazis made the targeting of Jews a government policy through ______ which deprived Jews of their rights to German citizenship and forbade marriages between Jews and non-Jews.
Nuremberg Laws
Why was Egypt's Suez Canal important?
It was key to reaching the oil fields of the middle east
What happened to Mussolini on April 27, 1945?
Italian resistance fighters found Mussolini in some German trucks near Milan, disguised as a German soldier, shot him to death, and hung his body in downtown Milan
I. under his command, 16 B-25 bombers to bomb Tokyo and several other Japanese cities
James Doolittle
Kamikaze
Japanese suicide pilots
Why did getting other countries to continue admitting Germany's Jews become an issue?
Jewish hatred across Europe was widespread. So when the Jews left Germany for another home they were still met with hatred.
H. Japanese suicide pilots who would sink Allied ships by crash-diving their bomb-filled planes into them
Kamikaze
The night that Nazi storm troopers attacked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues across Germany and murdered close to 100 Jews became known as ______, or "Night of Broken Glass."
Kristallnacht
What environmental problem might have been encountered by 1st Army soldiers landing at Utah Beach?
Many of the fields were flooded, forcing troops on roads which were more easily regulated.
Describe the way the Allies dealt with the Holocaust.
Many people didn't want to stay in the same place. So many people relocated or took to the roads.
Blitzkrieg
"Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939
Describe the "Phony War."
'Phony War' is the name given to the period of time in World War Two from September 1939 to April 1940 when, after the blitzkrieg attack on Poland in September 1939, seemingly nothing happened.
After their victories in Southeast Asia, how much area did Japan control?
1 million square miles of Asian land.
Identify two technological advances that helped turn the ride in Royal Air Force's favor?
1. electronic tracking system (radar); could detect incoming war planes 2. German code-making machine named Enigma; allowed British to decode German messages
Describe ways U.S. occupation changed Japan.
1.) Demilitarization 2.) Democratization 3.) Change in traditions (new constitution)
Describe the ways war affected the land and people of Europe
1.) Fighting severely damaged Europe's countryside and agriculture. 2.) Few people remained to work in the fields after war 3.) Famine and disease spread through the bombed out cities
Describe political problems postwar governments faced
1.) Italy and Germany needed a new government and didn't want to go back to their old wars 2.) communism issues 3.) Nuremberg Trials
Describe effects of Allied bombing raids on Japan.
1.) mass casualties, around 2 million deaths 2.) Cities were completely destroyed
Describe provisions in Japan's new constitution.
1.) real political political power rested on the people 2.) people elected a 2 house parliament 3.) Japanese could no longer wage war.
What happened to France after the French surrendered to Germany in 1940?
A puppet government for France's southern region was set up in Vichy under Marshal Henri Petain.
Who was Herschel Grynszpan?
A young Jewish boy Shoots German diplomat living in Paris
Battle of the Coral Sea
A. Airplanes flying from aircraft carriers attacked ships, rather than ships doing the firing B. Made new type of Naval warfare
Battle of Midway
A. American carrier planes defeated Japanese fleet B. Reversed the tide of the war in the Pacific
Doolittle's raid on Japan
A. Doolittle bombed Tokyo and several Japanese cities B. First airstrike to strike Japanese forces in central pacific
Fall of Southeast Asian colonies
A. Japan invaded more than 1 million square miles of Asian land B. Japan gaining wanted or needed resources
Bombing of Pearl Harbor
A. The Japanese dropped a bomb in Hawaii that sunk or damaged 19 ships and left 2,300 dead B. This was one of the main reasons the U.S. went into war
Battle of Guadalcanal
A. U.S. marines, with Australian support, seized Japanese fleet B. Fought on both land and sea for the island of Guadalcanal
What duties did Alan perform at the house he stayed at in the countryside?
Alan Miles performs many duties at the house he stays at. These include performing farm work and cooking meals.
D-Day
Allied invasion of France on June 6, 1944
Dwight D. Eisenhower
American General who began in North Africa and became the Commander of Allied forces in Europe.
What examples does Gordon give to show Japanese cruelty towards prisoners of war?
An example Gordon gives to show the Japanese cruelty towards prisoners of the war was how the majority of prisoners were put to work in mines, fields, shipyards and factories on a diet of about 600 calories a day. They were pretty much starved and just given minimal food to survive.
B. Germanic peoples who were considered by the Nazi to be the master race
Aryan
The Nazis proposed a new racial order, in which the Germanic peoples, or ____, were considered a "master race."
Aryan
Where did the German Luftwaffe focus their bombings in Great Britain?
At the british airfields, aircraft factories, and then on British cities to break british morale.
Why did Truman's advisers want to use the atomic bomb on Japan?
Attempting to bring the war to the fastest possible end.
Battle of Britain
Battle of British and German air forces fought over Britain during 1940-1941
Winston Churchill
British Prime Minister
G. a French general who set up a government-in-exile London; went on to organize Free French military forces that battled the Nazis until France was liberated in 1944
Charles do Gaulle
How did Allied governments inspire people to greater efforts?
Conducted highly effective propaganda campaigns.
Atlantic Charter
Declaration of principles issued by Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt in August 1941
A. the commander of the Allied land forces in the Pacific
Douglas MacArthur
Why did a wave of prejudice arise against Japanese Americans in the United States?
Due to the bombing of Pearl Harbor.
D. an American general who led Allied forces into Morocco and Algeria during Operation Torch
Dwight Eisenhower
F. known as the "Desert Fox," this German general commanded the Afrika Korps, an elite German tank force, to assist the Italians in Africa
Erwin Rommel
In what ways was the Soviet Union not prepared for the German invasion?
Even though it had the largest army in the world , its troops were neither well equipped nor well trained.
How did the United States mobilize for war?
Factories converted peace time to war time operations, from building machine guns, to military boots
Hitler's plan to take more direct action to rid Germany of "the Jewish problem" was known as the _____.
Final Solution
What are some of the things Jews did after being placed in ghettos, even under horrible conditions?
Formed resistance groups, joined theater and produced plays, taught secret lessons
Charles De Gaulle
French General who fled to England and set up a government in exile
Hitler's plan was actually a program of ____, the systematic killing of an entire people.
Genocide
What did the Germans do after they successfully invaded Denmark and Norway?
Germans built bases along the border so they could attack France.
Hitler ordered Jews in all countries under German control to be moved to dismal, overcrowded _____, or segregated Jewish areas.
Ghettos
Why were children evacuated from large cities?
Government decided towns and cities aren't safe for living
What happened to Hitler as the Soviet and Allied forces moved in on Berlin?
He cowered in his bunker for most of the time, made an appearance on his birthday, 20 April the last time he was seen outside the bunker, and committed suicide as the Russians took the city
What did Alan Miles say he was carrying with him when he evacuated?
He said he was carrying dirt from France
What was General MacArthur's plan regarding the hundreds of islands in the Pacific?
He wanted to "island-hop" past Japanese strongholds. He would then then seize less defended islands close to japan
Why were the Balkan countries key to Hitler's invasion plan of the USSR?
He wanted to build bases in Southeastern Europe for the attack on the soviet union. He also wanted to make sure the British didn't interfere.
E. a Jewish youth from Germany who shot a German diplomat living in Paris out of revenge for his father's deportation to Poland
Herschel Grynszpan
Erwin Rommel
The 'Dessert Fox', Field Marshal; Germany's best General during WWII
How did the Allies deal with the Nazi war criminals after the war was over?
The Nuremberg Trials, 22 Nazi leaders were charged with waging a war of aggression and were accused of crimes against humanity- the murder of 11 million people.
What was the role of the SS during the "Final Solution"?
The SS hunted down Jews and rounded them up and put them in rows and shot their bodies into pits.
Why did Stalin want the Allies to open a second front in the west?
The Soviet Union had become the main focus of Germany's attacks.
What did the US feel could happen if Japan conquered European colonies in Southeast Asia?
The US felt that if Japan conquered Euro colonies there, it could also threaten the American-controlled Philippines and Guam
Battle of Leyte Gulf
The largest naval battle in history
What are the similarities in what both de Gaulle and Churchill said to their country?
They both said "Fight the Nazis." But one of the said it in French and the other didn't.
Who did the Nazis consider "subhuman"?
They considered other races, nationalities, or groups they viewed as inferior, like Jews, Roma, Gypsies, Poles, Russians, homosexuals, insane, disabled, or incurably ill.
What did Japan do, almost at the same time of the Pearl Harbor attack?
They launches bombing raids on the British colony of Hong Kong, Guam, Wake Island, and Thailand
Describe how the British rescued the Allied army at Dunkirk.
They sent 850 ships across the ocean. They sailed back and forth with 338,000 soldiers.
How did the US try to stop Japanese advancement in Southeast Asia?
They sent aid to strengthen Chinese Resistance & Roosevelt cutting off oil shipments to Japan
How did the Japanese treat the people in their new colonies?
They treated them with extreme cruelty
What happened to those Jews not reached by the killing squads?
They were put in the ghettos and transferred.
What happened to those that were labeled weak in the concentration camps?
Those labeled weak would die that day after undressing and entering a shower, containing cyanide gas
What did Germany and the Soviet Union agree to with the nonaggression pact?
To divide Poland between them
What might have been the Allied strategy behind parachuting troops into France?
To take out the big guns that could shoot at the beach landings.
Battle of the Bulge
WWII battle in which German forces launched a final counterattack in the west
C. British Prime Minister who declared that British would never give on to the Axis Powers
Winston Churchill
Lend-Lease Act
allowed the United States to lend weapons to allies
Battle of Stalingrad
key battle in which Soviets stopped German advance in winter of 1942-1943.