Unit IV: Chapter 16 Bauhaus and the New Typography

Paul Renner

A German type designer who created Futura typeface in 1928 based on geometric shapes; circles, squares and triangles.

pictographs

Characters that stand for objects. The Isotype concept originated by Otto Neurath involves the use of pictographs to convey complex statistical information.

Piet Zwart

Dutch designer Piet Zwart combined the Dada movement's playful vitality and de Stijl's functionalism and formal clarity.

Eric Gill

Eric Gill, was a British type designer who designed Perpetua in 1928 and created a series of typefaces called Gill Sans. Gill Sans is noted to be the Helvetica of England.

Jan Tschichold

He was a type designer from Leipzig, Germany who sought to find a new asymmetrical typography to express the spirit, life, and visual sensibility of the day. He became the spokesperson of the New Typography which was title of his 1928 Book.

László Moholy-Nagy

He worked in the Bauhaus in 1919 and created an essay in 1925 that predicted a great deal of typographic communication to be replaced by sound and film. He pressed that typography needed to be more expressive and powerful. He stressed a functional typeface with "correct proportions" without extraneous decorations.

Herbert Bayer

Herbert Bayer was a former Bauhaus student, teacher of type/graphic design. Typographic design with functional and constructivist lines. Designed universal type. Reduced alphabet. Omitted capital letters.

Herbert Matter

Herbert Matter (1907-1984) a Swiss-born American photographer and graphic designer known for his pioneering use of photomontage in commercial art. The designer's innovative and experimental work helped shape the vocabulary of 20th-century graphic design.

Stanley Morison

Morison was also typographical consultant to The Times newspaper from 1929 to 1960; and in 1931, having publicly criticised the paper for the poor quality of its printing, he was commissioned by the newspaper to produce a new, easy-to-read typeface for the publication and Times New Roman was born.

Rudolph Koch

Rudolph Koch was the most important German type designer of the A&C Movement. Designed the typeface Neuland. Strongly influenced by the Gothic style.

The Bauhaus

The Bauhaus was a school or art and architecture in Germany from 1919 to 1933, whose influence was noticed across the 20th century. It was believed artists could enhance society by bringing the principles of good design to industrial mass production.The Bauhaus closed in 1933 because Nazi harassment made instruction and learning impossible.

Walter Gropius

Walter Gropius, German architect who is considered one of the founders of modern architecture. He was the first director of the Bauhaus School when it opened in 1919.