Unit Test -SCIENCE

What is the relationship between Earth's temperature and the number of sunspots that occur?

An increased number of sunspots causes an increase in Earth's temperature.

Why are temperatures more moderate around fall and spring equinoxes?

Because neither end of Earth's axis is tilted toward the sun.

Which situation is an example of a human-induced environmental change affecting a population?

Blue jays no longer live in a forest because the trees in the forest were cut down.

Which statement explains why many scientists believe that carbon dioxide has likely contributed more to global warming than other greenhouse gases?

Carbon dioxide has increased as a result of increased human activities.

Which statements describe global warming? Select two answer choices.

Global warming occurs naturally. Global warming is likely increased by humans.

Which statements describe a human-created mass extinction? Select three correct choices.

It results from the disappearance of entire species in a short time. It is caused by the growth of the human population. It is a type of long-term change.

How does latitude affect climate?

Latitude determines the duration of daylight hours.

During which two months do both the northern and southern hemisphere receive the same amount of energy from the sun.

March and September

Which is one characteristic that temperate marine and temperate continental climates have in common?

Moderate amounts of precipitation.

Which describes how prevailing winds affect precipitation in a region?

Prevailing winds cause huge air masses, both warm and cool, to move.

Which statement best describes how the distance from a large river affects an areas climate in the summer?

Regions near rivers experience winds form the water that prevent extreme temperature changes.

Which statement describes the weather and climate in a tropical region?

The angle of the sun's rays affect daylight hours, creating warm temperatures all year.

Why do plants need to be specialized to survive in arid climates?

The area receives little precipitation

What is a fossil?

The remains of an animal or plant preserved within a layer of rock.

What indicates that an area in the northern hemisphere is experiencing summer?

The sun is directly over Earth's north end.

What happens during the fall in September?

The sun's rays are not as concentrated as in the summer.

What causes the cycle of seasons on Earth?

The tilt of Earth's axis

What effects do wind patterns have on climate?

They change the amount of precipitation in a region.

What season occurs in the northern hemisphere when the sun is at its lowest point in the sky?

WInter

Which of the following are effects of environmental change on populations?

a decrease in resources and loss of habitat

Which definition best describes global warming?

a long-term increase in the Earth's average temperature

Which chemicals are major contributors to ozone layer destruction? Select two answer choices.

bromine chlorine

How do scientists study pollen grains to help them understand climate change?

by analyzing and making inferences about them

Which greenhouse gas has an average lifetime in the atmosphere of a few weeks to thousands of years and is the largest contributor to climate change?

carbon dioxide

In what type of climate do trees produce narrower rings?

cool and dry

Arid and semiarid subcategories are part of which climate?

dry

Which two climates have very low levels of precipitation?

dry and polar

Which of the following are effects of environmental change on an entire species?

extinction and change in species competition

Which characteristic do arid and polar regions share?

few plants

A large power plant burns coal to generate electricity for nearby homes and businesses. This contributes most directly to which short-term human-induced environmental change?

global warming

Which of the following are examples of short-term, human-induced environmental changes? Select three answer choices.

global warming. deforestation. pollution.

According to some scientists, which is a cause of global warming?

increase in carbon dioxide

Which played a major role in altering wind patterns and ocean currents?

movement of continents

What major factors play a role in global warming?

natural factors and human activity

What should scientists consider when studying tree rings to understand the variations in the local climate?

patterns in their width, their density, and their composition

What do scientists study to reconstruct past climate conditions?

pollen grains, tree rings, and fossils

Which is a possible result of higher air temperatures caused by global warming?

rapid evaporation of water in the soil

What do glaciers deposit that helps scientists study ancient climates?

sediment that contains fossils

A student moves from a region that has short, cool summers and very cold winters to a region that has hot and humid summers but short, cold winters. Both regions are located within which climate?

temperate continental

Which main climate features both humid subtropical climates as well as Mediterranean sub climates?

temperate marine

What most likely caused the ice ages?

the tilt of the Earth's axis and the shape of its orbit

Which is one climate that is characterized as having many trees?

tropical rainy

In what type of climate do trees produce wider rings?

warm and wet

During El Niño, what do the unusual wind patterns move east?

warm water

What climate condition occurs during El Niño?

warm water moving toward the coast of South America