US History I Unit 1

Which Native American tribe was known for their architectural cities that were carved into sandstone cliffs?

Anasazi

Which Native American civilizations thrived as an agricultural society until the Spanish led by Cortez invaded in the 16th century?

Aztecs

The primary theory is that the Native Americans came to America across the____________.

Bering Strait

The four major Native American tribes in Alabama

Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw

Which term is used to describe a transatlantic trade of crops, technology, and culture between the Americas and Europe, Africa, and Asia?

Columbian Exchange

The largest Native American tribe in Alabama

Creek

Which Spanish explorer was the first to circumnavigate the globe?

Ferdinand Magellan

Describe Spanish exploration of the New World?

God, gold, and glory were the main reasons for Spanish exploration, Spanish explorers who conquered new lands and people in the New World were called conquistadors, the Spanish conquered and claimed much of South America.

What was Juan Ponce de Leon looking for?

He sailed for Spain and explored Florida searching for a fountain of youth.

What did Spanish conquistadors do in Central and South America?

Hernando Cortes conquered the Aztec Empire in 1519, Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire in 1535, Native populations were devastated by disease brought by the Spanish conquistadors.

During the Crusades, the Roman Catholic Church encouraged its members to retake the Holy Land from what group?

Muslims

Describe plantations in the Americas

Plantations were large farms that produced cash crops or crops for sale, Plantations required large numbers of workers who labored long hours, Slaves brought from Africa were used as labor on plantations.

Describe the Treaty of Tordesillas

Pope Alexander VI divided all non-Christian lands between Spain and Portugal, Spain was to control the Western Hemisphere, Portugal was to control territories in the Eastern Hemisphere including Brazil and the African Coast.

Which term is used to describe the movement led by Martin Luther against abuses in the Catholic Church in 1517?

Reformation

Which term is used to describe the period of rebirth of European thought and art that began in Italy during the 1300s?

Renaissance

Which settlement was the first permanent European settlement in America?

St. Augustine

Describe French exploration in the New World

The French explored the Great Lakes and Mississippi River Regions, The French were looking for a Northwest Passage or water route to the Pacific Ocean

Describe the first Americans.

They migrated from Asia across the Bering Strait by way of a land bridge. The land bridge was exposed during the ice age and connected Siberia to Alaska. They migrated south, populating areas throughout North, Central, and South America.

What effects did the Columbian Exchange have on the following groups: Native Americans, Africans, Europeans?

This is a short answer question on the test. Use your knowledge of the Columbian Exchange to write your answer.

What was Columbus's reason for exploration?

To discover a new route to the Far East by traveling west

What was the journey for slaves taken from Africa to the Americas called?

middle passage

What was associated with Johann Gutenberg during the Renaissance?

printing press

What was brought to the Americas from Africa in the triangular trade?

slaves

What was brought to Europe from the Americas in the triangular trade?

sugar, tobacco, and cotton

Which crops went from Europe, Africa, and Asia to the Americas?

wheat and grapes