US History Unit 6

7. The first part of the war for Europe involved the battle for the _____ Ocean.

Atlantic

10. How did the struggle with polio influence FDR's view of life?

FDR's struggle with polio gave him a new perspective of optimism and a buoyant spirit. He came to regard solving national issues as easier than overcoming personal setbacks.

5. _____ is govermmental systemn led by a dictator who stresses nationalism rather than individual liberty.

Fascism

1. _____ served as President of the United States for twelve years.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

6. Thousands of Jews tried to leave _____ due to these persecutions, but no country would grant them asylum.

Germany

2. What was the ultimate effect of Allied strategic bombing on Germany?

Germany was unable to replace its airplanes, tanks, and heavy artillery as fast as it was being destroyed.

7. Strategic bombing was carried out against _____ railroads, oil refineries, and factories.

Germany's

4. FDR was a(n) _____ man who believed that action should be taken to try to help suffering Americans.

pragmatic

8. Which group was not instrumental in FDR's reelection in 1936?

small business owners

13. What was Germany's primary weapon in the Battle of the Atlantic?

submarines hunting Allied shipping in wolfpacks

13. Who held the real power in Japan after the assassination of the prime minister in 1932?

the Japanese military

9. More than 7,000 ships crossed the English Channel into northern France on June 6, _____, which has since been called _____.

- 1944 - D Day

4. To defeat the Nazis and liberate Europe, the _____ would have to _____ Europe.

- Allied Powers - invade

6. Check all that apply. By 1940, the war was being fought on three continents : _____, _____, and _____, and on the islands of the Pacific.

- Asia - Europe - Africa

17. Check all that apply. Select the four theaters. The United States government, during the course of the war, divided the war into four theaters.

- European Theater - North Africa Theater - China Burma India Theater - Pacific Theater

9. Check all that apply. Select three positives Roosevelt's leadership provided while the nation recovered from an economic disaster and faced another potential war in Europe.

- FDR's reassurance and willingness to try new things gave people confidence. - Roosevelt was viewed as a courageous, bold, positive, and compassionate leader. - Roosevelt's personal magnetism and inspiring optimism despite a personal battle against polio made hìm popular.

6. Shortly after the Allies landed in Italy, the _____ surrendered. The _____ took over Italy and continued to resist the approaching Allied armies all the way to _____.

- Italians - Germans - Rome

15. Check all that apply. Select the three countries that formed the Axis Powers by signing the Anti Comintern Pact.

- Japan - Germany - Italy

9. The _____ Conference was an extreme example of appeasement. Neville _____ of Great Britain and Édouard _____ of France handed over the country of _____ to Hitler.

- Munich Conference - Neville Chamberlain - Édouard Daladier - Czechoslovakia

4. Churchill made a speech to Parliament recounting the events in France and expressing the determination of the English people _____ to lose the war and _____ to surrender.

- NOT - NEVER

13. Check all that apply. By 1942, America was fighting major wars in both the _____ and _____ Oceans.

- Pacific - Atlantic

12. The fall of the _____ and the capture of American soldiers elevated the importance of the _____ Theater.

- Philippines - Pacific Theater

5. At a conference at Casablanca in 1943, President _____ met with Prime Minister _____ and representatives of Free France, including _____. Out of the conference came an announcement: _____ would be defeated and forced into a(n) _____ surrender.

- President Roosevelt - Prime Minister Winston Churchill - Charles de Gaulle - Germany - conditional surrender

15. Check all that apply. Select the seven groups that were victims of the Holocaust in addition to Jews.

- Romani - Poles - Slavs - religious leaders - Russian prisoners of war - political prisoners - homosexuals

8. President Roosevelt met Soviet Premier _____ for the first time at the _____ Conference. The leaders discussed what to do with control of captured _____ after the war.

- Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin - Tehran Conference - territory

1. Check all that apply. Select the three ways in which World War II differed from World War I.

- There was no possibility that the Axis Powers would agree to a negotiated armistice. The Axis Powers would have to be beaten into submission. - German armies were more powerful. They had better equipment, weapons, and training than their World War I predecessors. - The Germans were able to quickly conquer most of Europe with relative ease. Unlike World War I, the Allies would have to actually invade the continent of Europe.

3. Check all that apply. Select three things that Allied planners considered important to succeed in their landings on the French coast.

- a morning arrival - a low tide to expose the German defenses - a dark night to cover the invasion force until the last possible moment

4. The Nuremberg Laws were based on _____ and social _____ principles.

- eugenics - Darwinist principles

9. At the extermination camps, _____ chambers were built that could kill up to _____ people at a time.

- gas - 2,000

9. Check all that apply. Select the three factors that allowed several new political parties to form in Germany.

- hatred of the Allies for imposing severe restrictions - the worldwide depression - dissatisfaction with the current government

13. The U.S. government would not alter its _____ laws or _____ to help the Jews.

- immigration - quotas

12. The task that remained was to press into Germany's _____ valleys to shut down their ability to supply their war effort, and to capture _____.

- industrial valleys - Berlin

10. The Battle of _____ was Hitler's last stand to stop the Allied advances towards Germany. The Germans attacked through the _____ Forest.

- the Bulge - Ardennes

7. In _____, Roosevelt contracted poliomyelitis, better known as polio.

1921

2. Place the Italian events in chronological order.

3 : Mussolini threatens to lead his party's private army, the Blackshirts, into Rome to overthrow the government to defend the nation from communism. 1 : Benito Mussolini develops belief that a strong leader is needed who can make the people follow. 5 : Mussolini sets himself up as complete dictator of Italy. 2 : Mussolini founds a new political party in Italy, which he called the Fascist Party. 4 : The king makes Mussolini Premier of Italy.

13. Order the early World War II events in chronological order.

5 : More than 800 ships evacuate 338,000 British and French troops from Dunkirk. 3 : Hitler sends his armies through the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Belgium, outflanking the French and British armies. 1 : Germany and Russia sign a secret agreement to partition Poland. 4 : German forces drive into France, pinning French and British troops along the coast. 2 : On September 1, 1939, Germany invades Poland.

18. Order the events in the North Africa and the European Theaters in chronological order.

5 : Mussolini is forced to resign, and Italy surrenders to the Allies. 1 : The British find that they cannot make serious progress against the tanks and troops under Rommel in the North Africa Theater. 7 : Benito Mussolini is captured by a group of Italian partisans. He is executed by being shot. 4 : Liberating North Africa from Axis control, the Allied force turns its attention to the island of Sicily. 2 : President Roosevelt sends General Dwight D. Eisenhower to North Africa to conduct a major campaign against the Axis called Operation Torch. 3 : The Americans fight their first major battle in Africa, the Battle of Kasserine Pass. 6 : A combined force of American and British forces landed in Italy and begin their offensive with the objective of capturing Rome.

7. In 1937, President Roosevelt allowed the sale of weapons and military supplies to the _____ who were fighting a Japanese invasion.

Chinese

10. Hitler demanded _____, a port on the Baltic Sea which had once belonged to Germany, from Poland.

Danzig

12. The French built the _____ Line bunkers and fortifications, along their entire border with Germany.

Maginot

7. Military leaders invaded a northern territory of China, _____, in 1931 and claimed it for Jаpan.

Manchuria

14. The _____ Board was designed to help those fleeing the war zone.

War Refugee

19. Order the events in the Pacific Theater in chronological order.

5 : The Japanese capture the British colonies of Hong Kong, Singapore, and Burma. 2 : After U.S. marines repel their first attempt, more than 1,500 Japanese marines storm ashore and capture Wake Island. 3 : The Japanese capture the U.S. base on Guam located about 1,500 miles east of Manila (Philippines). On the same day, they began their attack on the Philippines. 4 : During the Bataan Death March, nearly 10,000 Americans and Filipinos die from disease, exposure, or cruel treatment by their captors. 1 : Japan attacks China, states in Indochina, and island nations such as the Philippines and small islands of the Pacific.

3. Place the German events in chronological order.

6 : Hitler intimidates voters and secures unlimited authority over the German government. 1 : Germans are bitterly disappointed by their loss in World War I. 5 : Hitler writes Mein Kampf, outlining his beliefs and plans for rebuilding Germany. 3 : Adolph Hitler becomes the head of the Nazi Party. 4 : Hitler is incarcerated for leading an unsuccessful revolt. 7 : Hitler repudiates the Treaty of Versailles and begins to rebuild the nation's military. 2 : Several new political parties form in Germany.

1. Place the Russian events in chronological order.

6 : Stalin institutes policies designed to modernize and industrialize Russia. He orders the death of those who disagree. 1 : Russian Communists, known as Bolsheviks, revolt against Czar Nicholas I. 3 : The Communist government immediately negotiates a separate peace with the German government. Russia drops out of World War I. 4 : Communists change the name of the empire to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. 2 : Bolsheviks, under Vladimir Lenin, seize power. 7 : Governments of other European nations react to Stalin's policies by becoming fiercely determined not to allow communism to take control in their countries. 5 : Vladimir Lenin dies, leaving behind a leadership struggle.

11. By the end of the war, more than _____ Jews had been executed by the Third Reich.

6,000,000

12. _____ gave himself the title "Der Führer."

Adolf Hitler

14. How did the New Deal shift attitudes about the dependence upon the government as a safety net?

Americans accepted government assistance when they were unable to provide for their families.

13. How did the New Deal shift attitudes about the acceptance of deficit spending?

Americans began to accept government deficit spending, as long as the debt did not become too large.

8. The _____ was Austria's forced unification with Germany.

Anschluss

21. The _____ began after Allied forces surrendered in the Philippines. The victorious Japanese force marched the prisoners of war over 80 miles to POW camps. Along the way, many prisoners died from exposure, disease, or acts of cruelty perpetrated by the Japanese.

Bataan Death March

3. Although England sustained heavy damage from the continual bombing during the _____, Hitler was forced to abandon his invasion.

Battle of Britain

Which battle was the longest?

Battle of the Atlantic

10. His nickname was "II Duce."

Benito Mussolini

16. How did economics play an important role in appeasement?

Britain and France did not want to spend money to enforce the Treaty of Versailles. They hoped that appeasement might encourage Italy and Germany to become strong trading partners, benefiting the economies of all involved.

10. When Japanese forces captured Burma, they gained control of the Burma Road, which was the route used by the Allies to supply the _____ armies of Chiang Kai shek.

Chinese

9. President Roosevelt ordered General _____ to leave the Philippines for Australia where he was to form a new army.

Douglas MacArthur

4. Several of the key nations of _____ were, within fifteen years of the end of World War I, under the control of dictators.

Europe

8. Japan announced what they called the _____ Co Prosperity Sphere. This was a statement that all of East Asia, including China, Japan, and other oriental nations, were meant to be one large cooperative entity.

Greater East Asia

8. The emperor of Japan during this time was _____.

Hirohito

11. Most military experts believed _____ would have to be dealt with first.

Hitler

8. _____ created extermination camps exclusively for the purpose of killing an entire race of people.

Hitler

1. In June of 1940, the _____ officially came on board as Germany's allies.

Italians

14. What was the Japanese solution for its lack of natural resources?

Japan began to acquire nearby territories.

14. Fear of spying and sabotage caused the U.S. government to be suspicious of _____ people living in the western United States. Many were interned in War Relocation Camps.

Japanese

7. As the Germans invaded other nations, the _____ were systematically rounded up and executed.

Jews

5. On _____, or the night of broken glass, Nazi storm troopers attacked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues (places of worship), breaking all the glass and destroying furnishings.

Kristallnacht

11. How did the New Deal shift attitudes about the acceptability of industrial labor unions?

Labor unions grew to an unprecedented size because labor needed a way to provide security in their jobs and get a "fair deal" in their hours and pay. The new government labor boards provided a forum for the labor unions and businesses to settle grievances.

1. The _____ was not effective as a negotiating forum and was essentially powerless.

League of Nations

6. Roosevelt was appointed Assistant Secretary of the _____ by President Wilson.

Navy

6. The National Socialist German Worker's Party became known as the _____ party.

Nazi

3. The _____ Act of 1935 made it illegal for arms manufacturers in the United States to sell arms to any foreign power that was at war.

Neutrality

5. Winston Churchill became Prime Minister when _____ resigned. He led Great Britain through the terrible ordeal of World War II.

Neville Chamberlain

3. In September of 1935, the German government passed the _____ Laws, which took away all civil rights from the Jews.

Nuremberg

16. Fighting on D Day was particularly intense on _____ Beach.

Omaha

Which operation took place in the Netherlands?

Operation Market Garden

2. Hitler's plan to take Great Britain was called _____.

Operation Sea Lion

15. The amassing of men, equipment, and supplies for a massive invasion of Europe was codenamed Operation _____.

Overlord

15. Japanese Americans were anxious to fight for the United States. The 442nd Regimental Combat Team was labeled the _____ Battalion because nearly all of them suffered wounds in combat.

Purple Heart

5. In 1935, Germany passed a conscription law and remilitarized the _____.

Rhineland

10. _____ were non Jews who helped Jews during the Holocaust.

Righteous Gentiles

14. On what date did Great Britain and France dedare war on Germany?

September 3, 1939

12. Jews refer to the Holocaust as the _____, which means "the catastrophe."

Shoah

11. Francisco Franco gained control of _____ after a four year civil war.

Spain

14. Hitler's costliest move was doubtless the attempted capture of the Russian cityof _____.Over one half million Germans were casualties during the ill fated campaign.

Stalingrad

17. Why was the "Miracle at Dunkirk" considered miraculous?

The Allied armies were at the mercy of the Germans. The Germans hesitated, allowing time to organize and conduct the rescue. France fell, but the United Kingdom lived to fight another day.

20. How did fighting in multiple theaters affect Allied planning?

The Allies adopted a strategy in which the war in Europe took priority over the Pacific and the other theaters.

12. How did the New Deal shift attitudes about the role and size of government?

The New Deal changed the definition of government's involvement in promoting the general welfare.

2. _____ never became part of the League.

The United States

16. Who said, "Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few." concerning the contribution of pilots during the Battle of Britain?

Winston Churchill

11. The Germans lost the Battle of the Bulge because: a. The Allied lines bent, but they did not _____. b. The Axis armies were running out of _____. c. When the weather cleared, the Allies began bombing the German _____ and destroying roads, railroads, and bridges. d. The _____ armies were being reinforced and gaining strength daily.

a. break b. fuel c. armies d. Allied

1. Hatred for Jews is called _____.

anti-Semitism

4. The policy of allowing Germany to violate the terms of their treaty, but doing nothing to stop it, was called _____.

appeasement

6. The Neutrality Act of 1937 did not lift the ban on the sale of weapons to _____ nations; rather, it reinforced it.

belligerent

11. Germany's invasion of Poland introduced a new type of rapid warfare called a(n) _____ or lightning war.

blitzkrieg

2. The first years of FDR's administration were focused on creating jobs and getting the _____ moving again.

economy

2. In Mein Kampf, Hitler's autobiography, he stated that he intended to _____ the Jews from Germany.

eradicate

5. For his firm and confident _____, FDR will always be fondly remembered and appreciated.

leadership

3. Roosevelt faced a situation of growing _____ in Europe and in the Far East.

militarism