USAFA Bio 215 Final

Which of the following statements best describes the Theme of Biology; Information Flow, Exchange and Storage? -DNA in your cells is used to code for proteins that control cell processes such as hormone production. -Western honey bees perform a waggle dance upon their return to the hive to communicate the location of sources of food. -Frogs and toads produce a rich variety of sounds, calls, and songs during their courtship

DNA in your cells is used to code for proteins that control cell processes such as hormone production.

Protein deficiency is primarily a lack of what? -Energy packed carbohydrates -Essential amino acids -Enough bone marrow to make blood cells -Omega 3 Fatty Acids

Essential amino acids

Select the appropriate Theme of Biology: All mammals have hair and produce milk through mammary glands. We would expect such similar characteristic in all mammals descended from a common ancestor (first mammal). -Pathways that Transform Energy and Matter -Systems Interactions -Evolution -Relationship of Structure to Function -Information Flow, Exchange and Storage

Evolution

Enzymes are consumed when activating chemical reactions.

False

Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs? -Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs. -Only heterotrophs have mitochondria. -Only autotrophs can live on nutrients that are enitrely inorganic. -Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment.

Only autotrophs can live on nutrients that are enitrely inorganic.

Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs? -Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment. -Only heterotrophs have mitochondria. -Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs. -Only autotrophs can live on nutrients that are enitrely inorganic.

Only autotrophs can live on nutrients that are enitrely inorganic.

Which of the following is a response of our innate defense system? -helper T cell response -adaptive immunity -cytotoxic T cell response -inflammation

inflammation

Herd immunity fails when what percentage of the population is NOT vaccinated? -1% -10% -5% -50%

5%

__________ is the core theme that unifies all of biology. -Pathways that Transform Energy and Matter -Systems Interactions -Evolution -Relationship of Structure to Function -Information Flow, Exchange and Storage

-Evolution

For a species with a Type II curve, less than ____% of individuals survive for 50% of the maximum life span. -0.1 -0.5 -1 -10

10

When the circulatory system cannot deliver oxygen fast enough to support a runner's aerobic metabolism, cells switch to an emergency mode in which ________. -ATP is generated less efficiently by harvesting the heat energy in a cell -ATP is inefficiently produced and lactic acid is generated as a by-product -lactic acid is broken down to produce smaller amounts of ATP -carbon dioxide is joined with water to generate much smaller amounts of ATP

ATP is inefficiently produced and lactic acid is generated as a by-product

_____ are the monomers from which large proteins are constructed. -Polymers -Amino acids -Polypeptides -Peptide bonds

Amino acids

_______ evolved to have more _________ fats because they are more compact. -Plants; unsaturated -Animals; unsaturated -Plants; saturated -Animals; saturated

Animals; saturated

Which of the following best describes an artery? -Arteries carry blood away from the heart. -Arteries have thin walls compared with veins. -Arteries carry oxygenated blood. -Arteries contain valves.

Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

In what ways are the internal structures of lungs and intestines similar? -The organs are extremely large in size allowing a longer area for exchange. -Both have a moist lining of cell surfaces and a surface with many branches or infoldings for high surface area. -Both are isolated from the external environment. -Both have smooth surfaces.

Both have a moist lining of cell surfaces and a surface with many branches or infoldings for high surface area.

System responsible for transporting substances throughout the body -Nervous System -Circulatory System -Digestive System -Reproductive System

Circulatory System

Oils are which type of macromolecule? -Proteins -Lipids -Carbohydrates -Nucleic Acids

Lipids

Which of the following is NOT a key principle for a healthy eating pattern? -Healthy eating patterns should never change -Nutritional needs should primarily be met from foods -An eating pattern represents the totality of all foods and beverages consumed -Healthy eating patterns are adaptable

Healthy eating patterns should never change

Which of the following statements best describes "deoxygenated" blood? -It has gained oxygen after passing through the body's tissues. -It has gained oxygen after passing through the heart. -It has lost some of its oxygen to the body's tissues. -It has lost some of its oxygen after passing through the lungs or gills.

It has lost some of its oxygen to the body's tissues.

Select the appropriate Theme of Biology: Your DNA codes for the creation of insulin (protein) in pancreatic cells used to help regulate blood sugar in the body. You inherited this code from your parents and will pass the code on to your kids. -Pathways that Transform Energy and Matter -Systems Interactions -Evolution -Relationship of Structure to Function -Information Flow, Exchange and Storage

Information Flow, Exchange and Storage

Which of the following statements best describes the function of a human left ventricle? -It pumps oxygenated blood around the body via the systemic circulation. -It collects deoxygenated blood from the lungs. -It collects oxygenated blood from the lungs. -It pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary circulation.

It pumps oxygenated blood around the body via the systemic circulation.

How does mechanical digestion differ from chemical digestion? -Chemical dismantles food primarily in the mouth. -mechanical breaks down food with digestive enzymes -Mechanical breaks food into smaller pieces -They do not differ.

Mechanical breaks food into smaller pieces

Which plant cell organelle converts chemical fuel into packets of chemical energy that can power the cell? -Central vacuole. -Plasma membrane. -Mitochondrion. -Chloroplast. -Golgi apparatus.

Mitochondrion

In 1929, A.V. Hill conducted a series of experiments with frogs that led him to conclude that lactic acid accumulation is the primary cause of failure in muscle tissue. Today, the role of lactic acid in muscle fatigue is still a hotly debated topic. Which of the following arguments pose a credible challenge to A.V. Hill's conclusions about the effect of lactic acid on muscle fatigue? -A student argues that muscle fatigue is not common among athletes. -A student notes that the muscles used in Hill's research were electrically stimulated. -A student quotes an authority in muscle physiology who believes that Hill's measurements do not apply to humans. -More recent experiments demonstrate that the Hill effect does not occur at human body temperatures (37°C).

More recent experiments demonstrate that the Hill effect does not occur at human body temperatures (37°C).

System that moves the body -Digestive System -Muscular System -Skeletal System -Nervous System

Muscular System or Skeletal System

What is the most common nutritional disorder in most industrialized countries? -Malnutrition -Anorexia nervosa -Obesity -Over Eating

Obesity

System the processes sensory information and controls responses -Skeletal System -Nervous System -Respiratory System -Digestive System

Nervous System

Which disease impairs the function of the skeletal system by making bones thinner and more porous? -Osteoporosis -Rheumatoid arthritis -arthritis

Osteoporosis

Select the appropriate Theme of Biology: Fungi are decomposers that breakdown waste and the remains of dead organisms, changing complex molecules into simple nutrients making nutrients available for plants to take up from the soil. -Pathways that Transform Energy and Matter -Systems Interactions -Evolution -Relationship of Structure to Function -Information Flow, Exchange and Storage

Pathways that Transform Energy and Matter

_________ are the major lipids of plasma membranes. -Triglycerides -Phospholipids -Fatty acids -Steroids

Phospholipids

Select the appropriate Theme of Biology: The branched structure in your lungs provides high surface area over which a very high volume of air may pass. -Pathways that Transform Energy and Matter -Systems Interactions -Evolution -Relationship of Structure to Function -Information Flow, Exchange and Storage

Relationship of Structure to Function

Which of the following chambers of the heart, pumps blood to the pulmonary circuit? -Right Ventricle -Left Ventricle -Right Atrium -Left Atrium

Right Ventricle

System that supports body and anchors muscles -Respiratory System -Digestive System -Nervous System -Skeletal System

Skeletal System

At 50% of maximum life span, how does survivorship for a Type I curve compare to survivorship for a Type III curve? -Survivorship is equal for the two curves. -Survivorship for a Type I curve is twice as great as survivorship for a Type III curve. -Survivorship for a Type I curve is nearly 1,000 times as great as survivorship for a Type III curve. -Survivorship for a Type I curve is 100 times as great as survivorship for a Type III curve.

Survivorship for a Type I curve is nearly 1,000 times as great as survivorship for a Type III curve.

Select the appropriate Theme of Biology: As global climate changes, green sea turtles alter many aspects of their behavior. -Pathways that Transform Energy and Matter -Systems Interactions -Evolution -Relationship of Structure to Function -Information Flow, Exchange and Storage

Systems Interactions

Select the appropriate Theme of Biology: Changing weather patterns and water levels has increased the range of several species of disease - causing mosquitos bringing illness to parts of the world not previously affected by the disease. -Pathways that Transform Energy and Matter -Systems Interactions -Evolution -Relationship of Structure to Function -Information Flow, Exchange and Storage

Systems Interactions

How do hypotheses differ from theories? -Theories are more comprehensive and broader than hypotheses. -Theories must be testable; hypotheses do not need to be testable. -A theory must be proven beyond a shadow of a doubt and hypothesis do not. -Hypotheses are derived from experimentation, whereas theories are derived from observation.

Theories are more comprehensive and broader than hypotheses.

What best explains the observation that enzymes are selective in the reactions they catalyze? -Molecules and active sites vary in size; only properly sized molecules can fit. -There is a precise compatibility between an enzyme's active site and the substrate molecule. -The same enzyme can generally bind to many different types of substrate molecules. -Active sites carry slight negative charges, and substrates tend to carry slight positive charges.

There is a precise compatibility between an enzyme's active site and the substrate molecule.

True or false. Hemoglobin is an iron containing protein that binds to oxygen.

True

Which of the following statements about blood circulation in humans is true? -Deoxygenated blood flowing through the pulmonary veins is carried to the right atrium. -Valves prevent the backflow of blood into the atria and ventricles. -As the right ventricle contracts, it sends oxygenated blood through the aorta to all tissues of the body. -During one cardiac cycle, the two ventricles contract first, and then the two atria contract.

Valves prevent the backflow of blood into the atria and ventricles.

_________ is the source of the oxygen gas released as part of photosynthesis. -Water -Carbon dioxide -Chlorophyll a -NADPH

Water

Which of the following best describes a theory? -an experiment that is repeated over and over again -a tentative explanation of natural phenomena -a comprehensive explanation of natural phenomena supported by abundant evidence -a well-known fact

a comprehensive explanation of natural phenomena supported by abundant evidence

Which of these is a biotic component of an environment? a. bacteria on the surface of your skin b. light c. the availability of water d. the mineral supplements you consume e. the temperature where you live

a. bacteria on the surface of your skin

Increased CO2 released into the atmosphere may be caused by any of the following except: a. increased ocean acidity b. increased ocean temperatures c. coal burning power plants d. mass forest fires

a. increased ocean acidity

When astronauts spend time in space, their blood pressure decreases due to lack of gravity. This is an example of a(n) __________________ response. a. physiological b. anatomical c. behavioral d. all of the above

a. physiological

A thin filament is made up of ________. -myofibrils -myosin -actin -sarcomeres

actin

Which of the following statements about respiratory system is true? -lungs are muscular and can contract and relax to force air in and out of the body -air sacs called alveoli provide a higher surface area for the exchange of gases -Oxygen-poor blood is transported from the heart to the lungs, then the lungs pump the blood to the body's cells (in humans) -Gases move into the body from the trachea to the pharynx then to the bronchioles

air sacs called alveoli provide a higher surface area for the exchange of gases

When the immune system improperly turns against the body's own molecules, the result is ________. -an autoimmune disease -an allergy -AIDS -an immunodeficiency disease

an autoimmune disease

A substance that can elicit an immune response from a lymphocyte is called a(n) ________. -pathogen -antibody -defensive protein -antigen

antigen

A nerve impulse moves away from a neuron's cell body along _____. -dendrites -synapses -axons -Nissl bodies

axons

Branches growing only on one side of a tree due to high winds is an example of what type of response to the wind? a. physiological b. anatomical c. behavioral d. environmental

b. anatomical

Which is NOT a sensory receptor? -balancereceptors -photoreceptor -chemoreceptor -thermoreceptor

balancereceptors

What is the major source of CO2 released by human activities? -respiraion from domistated animals -burning fossil fuels -cellular respiration -photosynthesis

burning fossil fuels

__________ is the science that studies the interactions between organisms and their environments. a. Discovery science b. Population genetics c. Ecology d. Natural selection

c. Ecology

Which of the following terms includes all the others in the list? -disaccharide -monosaccaride -polysaccaride -carbohydrate

carbohydrate

The dominant greenhouse gas is _____. -O2 -carbon dioxide -N2 -sulfur oxides

carbon dioxide

A neuron's nucleus is located in its _____. -myelin sheath -cell body -axon -dendrite

cell body

In your body, what process converts the chemical energy found in glucose into the chemical energy found in ATP? -redox -digestion -cellular respiration -potentiation -anabolism

cellular respiration

What are the three organelles that plant cells have but animal cells do not? -chloroplast, central vacuole, lysosome -chloroplast, central vacuole, cell wall -mitochondrion, cell wall, central vacuole -chloroplast, cell wall, lysosome

chloroplast, central vacuole, cell wall

Clogging of which blood vessels is responsible for heart attacks? -coranary arteries -aorta -pulmonary arteries -pulmonary veins

coranary arteries

A(n) ____________ consists of all of the abiotic and biotic factors in an area. a. organism b. population c. community d. ecosystem

d. ecosystem

Horned lizards are desert animals that are active during the day. Their kidneys are efficient at conserving water; when they get hot, they move to the shade so they can cool off. This describes _____ adaptation(s) to the hot and dry desert. a. anatomical b. behavioral c. physiological d. behavioral and physiological e. anatomical, behavioral, and physiological

d. behavioral and physiological

A nerve impulse moves toward a neuron's cell body along _____. -synaptic terminals -axons -dendrites -oligodendrocytes

dendrites

How do oxygen and carbon dioxide cross from the alveoli through the capillary walls and into the blood? -pinocytosis -diffusion -endocytosis -osmosis

diffusion

The plasma membrane forms a pocket that pinches inward, forming a vesicle that contains material from outside the cell. This describes the process of -active transport. -diffusion. -exocytosis. -passive transport. -endocytosis.

endocytosis

Negative feedback is a method of homeostatic control that __________. -promotes decreases rather than increases in metabolic rate -produces a response by lowering some set point of an organism's metabolism -increases the speed and rapidity of the process -ensures that conditions in an organism do not vary too much above or below their set points

ensures that conditions in an organism do not vary too much above or below their set points

Which of the following correctly traces the path of sperm from their site of production to their exit from a man's body? -urethra, vas deferens, epididymis -vas deferens, urethra, epididymis -epididymis, vas deferens, urethra -epididymis, urethra, vas deferens

epididymis, vas deferens, urethra

What is the correct order of the Rats Digestive Organs starting at the mouth? -cecum - esophagus - small intestine - large intestine - stomach -esophagus - stomach - small intestine - large intestine - cecum -stomach - esophagus - small intestine - cecum - large intestine -esophagus - stomach - small intestine - cecum - large intestine

esophagus - stomach - small intestine - cecum - large intestine

A major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that __________. -eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotic cells do not -prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells -prokaryotic cells have cell walls; eukaryotic cells do not -eukaryotic cells are older than prokaryotic cells in an evolutionary sense

eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotic cells do not

A molecule moves down its concentration gradient using a transport protein in the plasma membrane. This is an example of: -active transport. -facilitated diffusion. -exocytosis. -diffusion. -endocytosis.

facilitated diffusion.

What is the name of the process in which pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid? -fermentation -aerobic respiration -aerobic metabolism -glycolysis

fermentation

Most of the ATP production during cellular respiration occurs __________. -during glycolysis -during the citric acid cycle -from activity of the ATP synthase machine -from the reduction of glucose

from activity of the ATP synthase machine

Which hormone signals the breakdown of glycogen in the liver increasing glucose in the blood? -glucose -insulin -glucagon -glycogen

glucagon

A fat molecule is composed of two types of smaller molecules: _______ and fatty acids. -carboxyl group -glycerol -saturated fatty acid -unsaturated fatty acid -phospholipids

glycerol

Which is the correct order of the general steps in digestion? -absorption, digestion, ingestion, elimination -elimination, digestion, ingestion, absorption -ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination -digestion, absorption, ingestion, elimination

ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination

Which hormone signals the uptake of glucose reducing glucose in the blood? -insulin -glucagon -glucose -glycogen

insulin

During cellular respiration, the energy in glucose _________. -is transferred to energy in starch -is used to manufacture ATP molecules -is released all at once as carbon dioxide -is used to produce oxygen

is used to manufacture ATP molecules

How did climate change affect the range of the Diana fritillary butterfly? -it became significantly smaller and divided into two geographically separated groups of populations -it became significantly larger by fusing two geographically separated groups of populations -it became significantly smaller and divided into two separate groups of species -it became significantly larger and divided into two geographically separated groups of populations

it became significantly smaller and divided into two geographically separated groups of populations

What makes the skeleton so versatile in function? -ligaments -bone marrow -bone -joints

joints

Where is the rat diaphragm located? -in the vagina -just above the liver -along the abdominal cavity wall -just below the liver

just above the liver

A set of traits that affects a species' schedule of reproduction and survival is called its __________. -survivorship -age structure -evolutionary adaptations -life history

life history

Which structure holds bones together at joints? -cartilage -ligaments -muscle fiber -tendons

ligaments

If you have a population growth curve that shows a decrease in the growth rate as the population size approaches carrying capacity, you would say that population is exhibiting __________. -a change in age structure -logistic population growth -evolutionary adaptation -exponential population growth

logistic population growth

Homeostasis is the __________. -maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment -idea that all vertebrates are built in a similar way -correlation of structure and function -cooperation of body parts to form tissues, organs, and systems

maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment

What makes a secondary immune response faster than a primary immune response? -helper T cells -cytotoxic cells -memory cells -effector cells

memory cells

Which of the following options lists muscle structures in the correct order from largest to smallest? -muscle, sarcomeres, muscle fibers, myofibrils, thick and thin filaments -muscle, myofibrils, muscle fibers, sarcomeres, thick & thin filaments -muscle, muscle fibers, myofibrils, thick and thin filaments, sarcomeres -muscle, muscle fibers, myofibrils, sarcomeres, thick and thin filaments

muscle, muscle fibers, myofibrils, sarcomeres, thick and thin filaments

A thick filament is made up of ________. -actin -myosin -sarcomeres -myofibrils

myosin

The fundamental cell type that conducts an action potential in the nervous system is a(n) __________. -synapse -axon -cell body -neuron

neuron

Which of the following is one of the body's first lines of defense against infection? -antibodies -obstacles such as skin and mucous membranes -increased production of certain hormones -decreased heart rate

obstacles such as skin and mucous membranes

Evolutionary adaptation may not save long-lived species, such as polar bears, from extinction because __________. -they will be forced to interbreed with brown bears -they are subject to increasing predation -complex organisms do not adapt to climate changes -of rapid habitat loss

of rapid habitat loss

Consists of two or more specialized tissues working to perform a specific function. -organ system -cell -organism -organ

organ

Vitamins are ________. -organic molecules that are required in the diet in very small amounts -carbohydrates that we can synthesize from simpler molecules -important supplements for children, but not adults

organic molecules that are required in the diet in very small amounts

Which of the following levels of structure encompasses all the others? -tissue -organ -organism -cell

organism

Which of the following parts of the female anatomy is responsible for gamete production? -ovary -oviduct (fallopian tube) -vagina -endometrium

ovary

Which structure has the function of transferring the egg from the ovary to the uterus? -vagina -vas deferens -cervix -oviduct

oviduct

The final electron acceptor of aerobic respiration is _________. -ATP -oxygen -carbon dioxide -lactic acid

oxygen

Which organ makes digestive enzymes for use in the small intestine? -pancreas -liver -gall bladder -stomach

pancreas

Which structure transfers sperm from male to the female during sexual intercourse? -scrotum -vagina -penis -testes

penis

What kinds of cells engulf whatever foreign cells and molecules they encounter and recognize? -natural killer cells -phagocytic cells -B cells -red blood cells

phagocytic cells

Energy that ATP transfers to other molecules is stored in ________. -adenosines -heat units -ADPs -phosphate groups

phosphate groups

___________ are a major component of cell membranes. They form a bilayer with their hydrophobic tails mingling together and their hydrophilic heads facing the watery environment on both sides of the membrane. -carboxyl group -glycerol -saturated fatty acid -unsaturated fatty acid -phospholipids

phospholipids

Starch is a ___________ and its function is ___________. -monomer; energy storage in animals -monomer; structure for plant cells -polymer; energy storage in plants -polymer; cell energy and the building block of several monomers

polymer; energy storage in plants

Chemical energy is a form of _____ energy. -kinetic -heat -entropic -motion -potential

potential

A nerve poison that blocked neurotransmitter receptors on the dendrites would __________. -cause continued stimulation of the membrane of the receiving neuron -inhibit the regeneration of neurotransmitter for use by the synaptic terminals -reverse the flow of information -prevent transmission across the synaptic cleft

prevent transmission across the synaptic cleft

Species X are monogamous mammals which begin mating after 30% of their lifespan has lapsed, and they live for an average of 40 years. The species' gestation period is 13 months and they give birth to one offspring at a time. This example illustrates which of the following population survival strategies? -produce many offspring and devote large amounts of energy to their survival -produce many offspring and devote small amounts of energy to their survival -produce few offspring and devote small amounts of energy to their survival -produce few offspring and devote large amounts of energy to their survival

produce few offspring and devote large amounts of energy to their survival

Most enzymes are _____. -lipids -nucleic acids -carbohydrates -minerals -proteins

proteins

What is the primary function of simple sugars such as fructose, glucose, sucrose? -quick energy -information transfer -energy storage -protection

quick energy

Enzymes work by _____. -increasing the potential energy difference between reactant and product -adding a phosphate group to a reactant -decreasing the potential energy difference between reactant and product -adding energy to a reaction -reducing activation energy

reducing activation energy

A(n) _____ is the contractile unit of skeletal muscle. -thin filament -thick filament -sarcomere -actin filament

sarcomere

The hydrocarbon chains of ___________ are not kinked, and thus pack closely together, making animal fats solid at room temperature. -carboxyl group -glycerol -saturated fatty acid -unsaturated fatty acid -phospholipids

saturated fatty acid

Each different protein is unique due to its _________. -arrangement of monosaccharides -number of nucleotides -saturation -sequence of amino acids

sequence of amino acids

Which organ is the primary location for nutrient absorption? -liver -stomach -small intestine -large intestine

small intestine

What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction? -reactors -substrate -products -active sites

substrate

Ecologists represent life table data graphically in a __________. -survivorship curve -pyramid -pie chart -Punnett square

survivorship curve

Which part of the peripheral nervous system involuntarily prepares your body for intense energy consuming activities? -parasympathetic -motor systems -central -sympathetic

sympathetic

What part of a neuron relays signals from one neuron to another neuron or to an effector? -axon hillock -axon -synaptic terminal -dendrite

synaptic terminal

A hypothesis is a(n)____________. -random guess -tentative answer to a question -observation -well-known fact

tentative answer to a question

Cellular respiration accomplishes two major processes: (1) it breaks glucose down into smaller molecules, and (2) it harvests the chemical energy released and stores it in ATP molecules. By the end of _____, the breakdown of glucose is complete; most ATP molecules are produced during _____. -glycolysis ... the Citric Acid cycle -the Citric Acid cycle ... glycolysis -the Citric Acid cycle ... electron transport -electron transport ... glycolysis

the Citric Acid cycle ... electron transport

The immune system is capable of mounting specific responses to particular microorganisms because ________. -lymphocytes are able to change their antigen specificity as required to fight infection -the body is able to make different antigen receptors depending on the invading microorganism -the body contains an enormous diversity of B and T cells, each with a specific kind of antigen receptor -the body is able to determine which type of B and T cells to make

the body contains an enormous diversity of B and T cells, each with a specific kind of antigen receptor

According to the logistic growth model, the fastest growth rate of a population occurs when __________. -density-independent factors are involved -the population size is at roughly half the carrying capacity of the habitat -hunting is allowed on a large scale -species are threatened

the population size is at roughly half the carrying capacity of the habitat

Which of the following is/are a part of the pulmonary circuit? -capillaries in the legs -arteries in the arm -capillaries surrounding the brain -the pulmonary artery carrying blood to the lungs

the pulmonary artery carrying blood to the lungs

Which of the following options correctly describes the sliding filament model of muscle contraction? -muscle fibers slide past each other, shortening the muscle -thick and thin filaments slide past each other and shorten in length -sarcomeres slide past each other, but do not change in length -thick and thin filaments slide past each other without changing length

thick and thin filaments slide past each other without changing length

The plasma membrane regulates which of the following? -traffic of chemicals in and out of the cell -production of lipids in the cell -production of DNA in and out of the nucleus -production of proteins in the cell

traffic of chemicals in and out of the cell

Sea turtles lay hundreds of eggs with the hope that a few of their offspring will survive to adulthood. This is an example of which type of survivorship curve? -type I -type II -type III -type IV

type III

Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor affecting the distribution of life in the bioshpere? -Temperature -Energy Source -Water -vegetation

vegetation

Which of the following is NOT a macromolecule? -water -lipid -protein -carbohydrate

water

How have bark beetles benefited from global warming? -increased water availability makes trees healthier and better able to support beetle larvae growth -with a longer warm season, beetles can reproduce twice in a year -the beetle's predators are dying due to longer warm seasons -drought-stressed trees taste better to the beetles

with a longer warm season, beetles can reproduce twice in a year