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Which of the following were demands of the students of the People's Republic of Hungary leading up to the Hungarian Revolution of 1956?
(1) only.
How long did the Montgomery Bus Boycott last?
381 days.
The immediate outcomes of the Cuban Missile Crisis included ________.
A direct communications link between Moscow and Washington, DC in the event of another such crisis.
Which of the following was NOT characteristic of the years following World War II?
A migration of people from suburbs into cities.
The birth control pill resulted in which of the following?
A sharp increase in college attendance and graduation rates for women avoiding unwanted pregnancy.
Who was Eisenhower's Democratic opponent in the 1952 election?
Adlai Stevenson.
The great success of the heavy bombers during World War II led to improvements in engine design, which led to advances in which industry following the war?
Aerospace.
Activists protested segregation by which of the following nonviolent means?
All of these answers.
At the end of World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union disagreed on:
All of these answers.
Jackie Robinson became the first African American to play major league baseball on an integrated team. In addition to being a talented player in his own right, Robinson used his fame as a vehicle to accomplish which of the following goals?
All of these answers.
Johnson's Great Society program included which of the following?
All of these answers.
Johnson's War on Poverty included which of the following initiatives?
All of these answers.
Kennedy's foreign policy toward the Third World was aimed improving the United States' standing. Which of the following initiatives were designed to advance that goal?
All of these answers.
Rock and roll became a potent symbol of the counterculture because _________.
All of these answers.
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) protested which of the following issues?
All of these answers.
The anti-communist hysteria of the 1950s known as McCarthyism as eventually discredited based on which of the following?
All of these answers.
The passage of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 resulted in which of the following?
All of these answers.
The underground press was an important expression of the counterculture because _______.
All of these answers.
The year 1968 was one of serious upheaval in the United States because of which of the following events?
All of these answers.
Through their writing and lifestyles, the Beat Generation of the 1950s influenced broader cultural attitudes on which of the following subjects?
All of these answers.
Which of the following challenges did the U.S. military forces face in South Vietnam?
All of these answers.
Which of the following factors contributed to the Korean War becoming the first armed conflict of the Cold War?
All of these answers.
Which of the following facts supports the argument that Truman's foreign policy decisions served to intensify conflict with the Soviet Union in the early postwar years?
All of these answers.
Which of the following initiatives was a result of the Soviet launch of Sputnik I?
All of these answers.
Which of the following issues was a focus of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr's activism?
All of these answers.
Which of the following served to establish the Warren Court's reputation for liberal expansion of civil rights, civil liberties, judicial power, and federal power?
All of these answers.
Which of the following statements regarding the baby book is true?
All of these answers.
Which of the following was NOT a focus issue of the 1956 election between Eisenhower and Stevenson?
All of these issues were focused on during the election.
Which of the following best characterizes the "era of prosperity" that occurred in post World War II America?
All these answers.
Billy Graham, who began a trend of national celebrity ministers who broadcast to megachurches via radio and television, was _______.
An American Christian evangelist.
Rachel Carson's Silent Spring is widely credited with helping launch the environmental movement. It most directly lead to ________.
An immediate strengthening of the regulation of chemical pesticides and the eventual banning of DDT.
U.S. involvement in Latin American during the Johnson Administration can best be understood in the context of ________.
Anti-communist attitudes of the Cold War and the installation of Castro in Cuba.
Franklin Roosevelt's Good Neighbor Policy, in effect from 1933 to 1945, meant that the United States protected its interests in Latin America by all of the following strategies EXCEPT:
Armed intervention.
President John Kennedy and Attorney General Robert Kennedy's approach to civil rights can best be summarized by saying that the Kennedys ________.
Believed in equal civil rights, but often intervened only when conflicts threatened to turn violent.
Which of the following was NOT an example of civil defense efforts undertaken in response to the Soviet nuclear threat?
Children were drafted as atomic lookouts tasked with sounding the alarm when they "see the flash."
Truman's presidency can best be characterized as period of ________.
Confrontation with communist forces abroad and Republican lawmakers in Washington.
The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan can be described as part of an American strategy to:
Contain the spread of communism and stabilize unstable regions in postwar Europe.
George F. Kennan's 1946 Long Telegram was the basis for which of the following U.S. policies?
Containment, which used numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad.
The Soviet Union accomplished its postwar security aims by ________.
Creating an eastern block of satellite states featuring command economies and political repression.
The first Americans responded to rising temperatures in the northern part of the continent by:
Developing the Clovis culture, which used mixed foraging strategies
Which individual persuaded which country to build a wall in East Berlin in 1961?
East German president Walter Ulbricht persuaded the Soviet Union.
Which of the following is evidence that Cold War tension impacted the course of Republican Dwight Eisenhower's 1952 presidential campaign against Democrat Adlai Stevenson?
Eisenhower campaigned by attacking "Korea, Communism, and Corruption."
How did President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Congress respond to the Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik in October of 1957?
Eisenhower increased spending on national defense, supported the creation of NASA, and signed the National Defense Education Act to improve science and engineering education for school children.
How did Taft and Eisenhower differ in their policies?
Eisenhower was an interventionist, while Taft supported non-interventionism.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the changes in the farming industry following World War II?
Farm sizes increased, while the number of farms decreased.
What was the ultimate reason for U.S. involvement in the Second Indochina War (more commonly known as the Vietnam War)?
Fear of the spread of communism.
What did the 1975 Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act aim to do?
Increase tribal control over reservations and assist with funding to build schools.
The outcome of the Korean War included which of the following consequences?
It sent a message that the U.S. was prepared to militarily contain the spread of communism.
When did Castro succeed in overthrowing Batista's government?
January 1, 1959.
Which of the following statements BEST describes President Lyndon B. Johnson's response to the deteriorating political and military situation in South Vietnam in 1964?
Johnson used a supposed North Vietnamese attack on two American destroyers as a pretext to send large numbers of American combat troops to South Vietnam to defend the country from the Communists.
The psychedelic drug LSD is most associated with ________.
Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters, Timothy Leary, and musicians such as the Beatles, among others.
The presidency of Lyndon Johnson (LBJ) can best be summarized by which of the following statements?
LBJ accomplished an ambitious domestic agenda, but his popularity was sapped by war in Vietnam.
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) is best remembered for ________.
Leading the organization of the anti-war movement on college campuses during the Vietnam War.
The 1968 presidential election featured all of the following EXCEPT:
Lyndon Johnson's defeat by other Democratic factions at the national convention in Chicago.
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is primarily concerned with ________.
Mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party.
Which of the following greatly influenced the role of the housewife in the 1950s?
New technologies such as the washing machine and vacuum cleaner allowed women to work more efficiently.
The approach of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) toward winning rights for African Americans was one of ________.
Nonviolent protest.
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the Counterculture?
Opposition to third world Communist dictators such as Fidel Castro.
Which of the following factors contributed most dramatically to postwar economic prosperity?
Pent-up consumer demand, released in the transition from a wartime to a peacetime economy.
The Nuremberg Trials were convened in order to _______.
Punish the major war criminals of the European Axis countries.
The practice of denying or increasing the cost of services (such as banking, insurance, and access to jobs and supermarkets) to residents in particular areas is known as _______.
Redlining.
The most lasting legacies of the Black Power movement include:
Respect and attention accorded to black history and culture in both formal and informal settings.
Which of the following is NOT an example of nonviolent civil disobedience that characterized the Civil Rights Movement?
Riots.
A series of "sit-ins" as civil rights protests in 1960 resulted in the formation of the ________.
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
Which of the following communication technology devices had the greatest impact on American society in the 1950s?
Television.
In which Sun Belt states has the oil industry helped propel economic growth?
Texas and Louisiana.
What was a significant difference between the 1944 G.I. Bill and the 1952 Veterans' Adjustment Act?
The 1952 Act no longer paid tuition directly to the chosen institution of higher education.
Which Act made racial discrimination and segregation illegal?
The Civil Rights Act of 1964.
What was the significance of the U.S. Supreme Court's Brown v. Board of Education ruling in 1954?
The Court ruled that racial segregation in public facilities was unconstitutional and later ordered American schools to be desegregated.
What was another name for the Marshall plan?
The European Recovery Program.
What role did the National Guard play in the incident of the nine African American students in Little Rock?
The Governor of Arkansas called them to prevent the students' entry into school.
Which education act increased college funding by creating federally backed scholarships and loans?
The Higher Education Act of 1965.
Despite concerns over historical postwar economic hardships - inflation, rioting, labor disorders - the U.S. experienced a period of economic prosperity following World War II. Which of the following is NOT cited as a contributor to this prosperity?
The Office of Price Administration, which moderated inflation during the war, was abolished in 1947.
The Warren Commission arrived at which of the following conclusions after its ten-month investigation of the Kennedy assassination?
The President was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald acting alone.
President Truman famously struggled with his "Do Nothing Congress." Which of the following laws highlights their partisan differences most clearly by virtue of the fact that Congress overrode the President's veto to ensure its passage?
The Taft-Hartley Act curtailed the power of labor unions, allowing states to prohibit union shops.
All of the following were primary sources of tension between the United States and the Soviet Union EXCEPT:
The U.S. and the Soviets both fought to defeat Nazi Germany during World War II.
Which country was the dominant force in the oil industry in the Middle East in the 1950s?
The United States.
The more militant approaches to civil rights protest adopted by SNCC and the Black Panther Party became more prominent following which of the following events?
The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. in 1968.
One major criticism of the Great Society and the War on Poverty is _______.
The best way to fight poverty is not through government spending but through economic growth.
The American Indian Movement (AIM)'s goals included all of the following EXCEPT:
The complete dissolution of the U.S. and reversion of the North American continent to Native people.
The overall goal of Kennedy's policy toward the Soviet Union can best be summarized as _________.
The containment communism at any cost, seen in his rhetoric and increased involvement in Vietnam.
The Apollo program is perhaps the most famous of President Kennedy's initiatives, but while in office he also worked to achieve all of the following EXCEPT:
The continuation of tight fiscal policies to drive up interest rates and slow economic growth.
The presidential contest of 1964 saw ________.
The defeat of conservative Goldwater, whose views eventually became central to the Republican party.
Despite Truman's heritage as a southerner, his record on civil rights included which of the following accomplishments?
The desegregation of the federal work force and the desegregation of the armed services.
Which of the following statements about the election contest of 1960 is true?
The election featured the first televised presidential debates.
Involvement in the Korean War most closely aligned with which of the following U.S. goals?
The global containment of communism.
Which of the following best supports the idea that the post-war world is dominated by two superpowers?
The global division along U.S. Soviet lines was reflected in the NATO and Warsaw Pact alliances.
Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique took issue with which of the following?
The idealized domesticity of post-war America, which wasted women's talent and potential.
Historians argue whether the world is more or less stable since the end of the Cold War left the United States as the sole remaining superpower. Which of the following ideas supports the argument for increased stability after the end of the Cold War?
The incidence of wars, as well as refugee and crises has declined sharply in post-Cold War years.
What was the significance of the 1985 Voting Rights Act?
The law marked the culmination of President Lyndon B. Johnson's campaign for the Great Society.
The music of the 1960s often represented ________.
The off-beat, psychedelic characteristics of the counterculture itself.
U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War can best be understood in the larger context of ________.
The policy of containment following several prominent U.S. failures to halt the spread of communism.
President Truman's Fair Deal proposal called all of the following EXCEPT:
The racial integration of public schools.
President Nixon's foreign policy of détente focused on ________.
The relaxation of tension through talks with the Soviet Union.
The Chicano Movement sought political empowerment and social inclusion for Mexican-Americans. Its activists achieved all of the following EXCEPT:
The restoration of Mexican lands lost in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
Which of the following is NOT a stated aim of the United Nations?
To establish a "One World Government."
The significance of the presidential election of 1948 was that ________.
Truman scored an upset victory, encouraging the continuation of his anticommunist foreign policy.
Truman felt office with one of the lowest approval ratings of any president. Which of the following statements best supports the argument that his agenda as president was only a mixed success?
Truman's concern with the Cold War hampered his effectiveness at home in face of partisan politics.
The U.S. strategy of containment toward communism is most clearly illustrated by which of the following examples?
Truman's push for a negotiated settlement in Korea, reaffirming the original North-South borders.
The Mattachine Society's attempted to ________.
Unify and educate homosexuals, provide leadership, and assist "sexual deviants" with legal troubles.
