VCU MGMT 310 - Chapter 18 Assignment

If a manager uses positive reinforcers, such as money and gift certificates, to shape the behavior of his or her employees, what can the manager then expect?

- To see a temporary increase in the rewarded behaviors -To satisfy the employees' lower-level needs

Which of the following are drives associated with the four-drive theory of motivation? Check all that apply.

1. Drive to acquire 2. Drive to defend 3. Drive to comprehend 4. Drive to bond

Proposed by Clayton Alderfer, the ______ suggests that when people are frustrated trying to achieve a higher-level need such as personal development, they will turn their attention to meeting lower-level needs such as connection with others or basic physical needs.

ERG Theory

Because students set their own goals in this experiment, they are likely to have a higher level _______ than students whose goals were set for them by professors

Goal acceptance

According to __________ a manager who works with employees to develop performance expectations that are specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time bound will see performance improve.

Goal setting theory

Gina, your manager, wants everyone to like her, so she brings lunch for everyone in the office on Fridays.

High in need for AFFILIATION

They could increase Marco's motivation by:

Reviewing fitness data on Marco's clients that show his work has been improving their health

Rewards such as bonuses, thank-yous, and gift cards are all forms of ______ that increase the probability that the behavior they follow will occur again.

positive reinforcement

Examples of Extrinsic Rewards:

• Pay • Health benefits • Life insurance • Contributions to a retirement plan • Promotions • Job titles • Job security • Employee discounts

When pay is made public, people evaluate how equitable their pay is in light of the pay other people are receiving. The problem in this case is that Dwight and Guillermo have found out that others are getting paid more than they do for the same work. What are they likely to do under these circumstances?

- Attend fewer practices - Quit the team - Try to convince coach to give them more money

Which of the following actions would be most likely to help your employees fulfill this drive? Check all that apply.

- Creating organizational policies that appear fair to everyone who looks at them -Making sure that all organizational processes are transparent

If the purpose of meeting with an employee is to motivate that individual, which of the following are appropriate topics? Check all that apply.

- How the employee's job could include more variety and be more meaningful - What the employee's strengths are - What rewards the employee value

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

1. physiological 2. safety 3. belongingness 4. esteem 5. self-actualization

Employee Engagement: Knowledge of the results of the work

Feedback

After a few months working as a professional organizing consultant, Kurumi was passionate about her job because every day brought a client with a closet, an office, or a garage that was a bigger challenge.

Intrinsic

Employee Engagement: Meaningfulness of work

Job Characteristic: Variety, identity, and significance

Oscar Lorenza, a _______ manager, believes that his employees are highly motivated and skilled. He gives them considerable autonomy in their work and seeks team consensus in decision making.

Theory Y

n Herzberg's two-factor theory, increases in recognition are considered ________?

Motivators

Which of the following are true about a strengths-based approach to motivation? Check all that apply.

- When using this approach, the manager should ask, "What triggers activate this employee's strengths?" - When constructive criticism about poor performance is offered, the employee should have a realistic opportunity to respond and improve.

Employee Engagement: Responsibility for outcomes

Autonomy

Venus joked that in her small company of five employees, she was everything from the janitor to the chief financial officer, but she did enjoy having the title "Innovation Guru" on her business card.

Extrinsic

Do you think some kind of reward would be appropriate to motivate Juliet? If so, what should it be?

A personal meeting with CEO

According to the _________ people differ in how much they want power, achievement, and affiliation. In order to motivate employees, the organization needs to offer them the relationships, accomplishments, or influence they want most.

Acquired needs theory

You are a new manager, and your boss just told you that your team is concerned because the company is undergoing a restructuring; they fear that layoffs might be coming soon. It sounds to you like your team has a high drive to ____ ?

Defend

Vonda is frustrated with her manager, Glenda. Last week, when Vonda asked about Glenda's expectations, Glenda said, "Just do your best." But Vonda doesn't know exactly what to do, and as a result, she isn't very motivated.

Goal Specifity

Which of the following sentences should I use to increase Juliet's E→P expectancy?

I'll be sharing some special sales tips with you tomorrow that will make your job easier

One day, Marco says, "I'm working hard with my clients and I know what I'm doing. However, I'm not sure the workouts are making a difference in their lives, and that's what really makes me feel good about coming to work." In response, Mike and Bob should address

Performance to outcome expectance (P>O)

______ says that behavior that is rewarded will increase, while behavior that is punished will decrease.

Reinforcement theory

A problem? It's more than a problem, buddy. Why does everybody else on the team have a guaranteed salary of at least $30,000 more than their base pay? And you're giving us a measly $2,500? I'll say we have a problem! Our _______ are just as high as anybody else's on the team, and you know it!

Inputs

Alejandra enjoyed her work as a journalist because she got to ask questions of a wide variety of people and was always learning new things.

Intrinsic

Ruby Harper is the grants and services director for the Greater Columbus Arts Council. Recently, she posted to her blog that she loves her job because it is something she's good at, it changes often, and "the possibilities feel immense." These _____ are intangible but provide personal satisfaction of great value to her.

Intrinsic rewards (INTANGIBLE)

Rebus Rumpus makes games that help children learn. In which of the following situations is the organization's reward system misaligned with its objectives?

Rebus Rumpus wants its game developers to stay abreast of education science. When Esther sees her employees developing a game, she compliments them on how hard they're working, but if she sees them reading, she asks them pointedly whether they will meet their deadlines.

Developed by Frederick Herzberg, _______ suggests that hygiene factors must be present to avoid dissatisfaction, while motivators must be present to create satisfaction.

The two-factor theory

Use ERG Theory: "Because this is a new business, I can't guarantee my employees a certain number of hours each week. If I hold weekly meetings and solicit their ideas, will that be motivational?"

Yes, because employees want to meet their relatedness needs

Which of the following sentences should I use to increase Juliet's P→O expectancy?

Your goal for this month is to sell 10% more lattes, and you will receive a reward if you reach it.

At a nonprofit that provides counseling and support services to ex-convicts , the most effective type of managers are likely to be _______ because they seek to establish relationships and participate in group activities. They will need to be careful of a tendency to ______________.

affiliation oriented; prioritize people's feelings over performance and smooth over problems instead of solving them

If Bob and Mike were analyzing how they motivate their employees in terms of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following would be true?

Attending seminars could meet an employee's need for self-actualization, but this would be motivating only if pay, job security, inclusion, and recognition needs were also met.

Lelani really likes her new boss. During a meeting last month, the boss outlined specific goals for Lelani to meet, which excited Lelani. But now Lelani isn't sure how well she is doing in terms of meeting the goals, so she is not very motivated.

Feedback

Donald Trump has to be in charge. When his assistant Carolyn started doing interviews and even writing a book about management, he fired her.

High in need for POWER

"I've set a goal to carry work by artists that customers can't find anywhere else, and I want the store to carry work that is avant-garde and unexpected. However, one of my buyers has been purchasing the ugliest vases in the world and other things our customers are highly unlikely to purchase. He says he really wants to put the store on the map, and that's what I want too, but he's taking too great a risk. What should I do?"

Tell the buyer that 90% of merchandise must move within three months, and if the work he buys doesn't meet that criterion, his budget will be reduced until he shows better judgment.

I'm sorry the league pay seems ______ to you. I compared the salaries in our club with the salaries in several other clubs, and overall, the players on our team have higher________ than the players on the other teams.

inequitable; outcomes

Your roommate, Patty, has not washed her dishes for several weeks, and it's driving you crazy. Today, you saw Patty put a spoon into the dishwasher, so you smiled at her and offered to cook dinner tonight. In this case, your expression and offer to cook serves ______ for Patty's behavior.

positive reinforcers

Examples of Intrinsic Rewards:

• Interesting and challenging work • Self-direction and responsibility • Variety in the work • Opportunities to use skills and abilities • Sufficient feedback regarding employees' efforts • Opportunities to learn and grow • Opportunities to make a difference in the world