Veneil AP CH 17
Which of the following drugs is sympathomimetic?
beta1 adrenergic agonist
Milliliters/beat x beats/minute defines
cardiac output
Which term refers to the amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute?
cardiac output
Sympathetic nerve stimulation of the myocardium
causes a (+) inotropic effect
An ejection fraction of 30% is
characteristic of a failing heart
Activation of the muscarinic receptors by acetylcholine
slows heart rate
Vagal stimulation on the heart
slows the heart rate
Cardiac output is determined by heart rate and
stroke volume
What terms refers to the amount of blood pumped by the ventricle in one boat?
stroke volume
Which of the following is descriptive of a drug that causes a (+) inotropic effect, a (+) dromotropic effect, and a (+) chronotropic effect?
sympathomimetic
What happens during ventricular diastole?
the ventricles are filling with blood
During atrial systole, the
ventricles are relaxed
Which of the following refers to a positive inotropic effect?
an increased myocardial contractile force
Decreased blood flow through the coronary arteries is most likely to cause
angina pectoris
What is the term for the sequence of events that occur during one heartbeat?
cardiac cycle
Heart rate and stroke volume determine
cardiac output
Furosemide (Lasix), a potent diuretic, is administered in acute ventricular failure in order to
excrete excess water and relieve the edema
Cardiac output
is determined by heart rate and stroke volume
Systole and diastole describe the function of the
myocardium
Which of the following is descriptive of the vagus nerve?
parasympathetic
Which of the following most accurately describes the vagus nerve?
parasympathetic
Which of the following is the same as end dialostic volume?
preload
Which of the following is the most likely consequence of acute left ventricular failure?
pulmonary edema
Digoxin, a drug used in the treatment of heart failure, increases contractile force and is therefore called a
(+) inotropic agent
An increase in venous return causes an increase in cardiac output. This is accomplished by
Starling's law of the heart
What is the term that refers to an increase in stroke volume in response to the stretching of the heart?
Starling's law of the heart
Which of the following is most likely to increase stroke volume?
a (+) inotrpic drug
Which of the following is most likely to increase ejection fraction?
activation of beta1 adrenergic receptors
Which of the following contains 70ml?
an average stroke volume
Which of the following is most likely to relieve an anxiety-induced tachycardia?
beta1 adrenergic blocker
Excess vagal stimulation to the SA node is most likely to cause
bradycardia
This term refers to a heart rate of fewer that 60 beats/min
bradycardia
Which of the following is the most likely consequence of a very rapid heart rate?
decreased ventricular filling (with blood)
Which of the following is an example of forward failure?
diminished renal blood flow stimulates the kidney to decrease urinary output and to retain Na+ and water
Which of the following does not happen to a ventricle?
discharge of the vagal nerve
Which of the following is responsible for the Starling effect?
end diastolic volume (EDV)
Vagal stimulation to the heart causes
heart rate to slow
A stenotic aortic valve
increases afterload, thereby increasing the work of the left ventricle
Sympathetic stimulation to the heart
increases heart rate
An increased preload
increases stroke volume
A drug (i.e., atropine) that blocks the vagus nerve
increases the heart rate
An increased afterload (e.g., hypertension)
increases the work of the heart
Increased return of the blood to the heart stretches the muscle, thereby
increasing stroke volume
Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist and is therefore used to
relieve bradycardia
Most of the symptoms of acute left-sided heart failure are
respiratory in nature (e.g., dyspnea, orthopnea)