Vision

1. The part of the eye referred to as the blind spot lacks ________________. rods and cones 2. Another name for the blind spot is the ____________________. optic disc 3. When performing the blind spot demonstration in lab, what happens to part of the image as you move the card closer to the test subject's face? it disappears

.

Color blindness involves inherited defects of _________________. red/green sensitive cones 2. The alleles that may cause color blindness are located on the ________________. X chromosomes 3. Color blindness is more prevalent in females than in males. False 4. Color blindness is a sex-linked disorder. True 5. Individuals with protanopia are less sensitive to red light. True 6. Individuals with deuteranopia are less sensitive to red light. False

.

Contraction and relaxation of the muscle fibers of the ______ cause changes to the size of the pupil. iris 2. The iris is made of what type of muscle fibers? smooth 3. The photopupillary reflex is _________________. involuntary 4. What is the purpose of the photopupillary reflex? to protect the retina 5. What happens when a bright light is shone into one eye? both pupils constrict

.

Visual acuity is measured using _________________. a Snellen eye chart 2. When performing an acuity examination, the test subject stands _____ feet away. 20 3. A person with 20/20 vision has _________ vision. normal 4. A person with 20/70 vision has ________ vision. less than normal 5. A person with 20/15 vision has _______ vision. better than normal

.

What causes astigmatism? Abnormal curvature of the eye 2. What is used to determine whether or not someone has an astigmatism? an astigmatism chart 3. An astigmatism will cause an image to appear ___________. blurred

.

When the eye accommodates for near vision, the lens becomes more ___________. convex 2. The average near point of accommodation for a 20 year old is _______. 10 cm 3. The older we get the ______ the near point of accommodation moves. farther 4. The decreased ability to accommodate for near vision is called _________. presbyopia

.

What is the general principle of the retinal implant?

Converting images into electrical impulses that can stimulate any remaining healthy cells in the retina.

Four-year-old Bindi loves to go to the nearby park to run around. One of her favorite activities is spinning in circles until she feels dizzy and falls down. Which cells in the inner ear are responsible for sensing the movement Bindi feels when she is spinning?

Hair cells in the crista ampullaris

Does the elasticity of the lens increase, decrease, or stay the same with age?

It decreases

A buildup of perilymph in the membranous labyrinth is called ___________.

Meniere's disease

Visual acuity is measured using a

Snellen eye chart.

What is the function of rod cells?

They are photoreceptor cells that detect the amount of light but not colors.

Which of the following can cause sensorineural hearing loss?

all

Astigmatism is assessed using a

astigmatism chart.

Which of the following is not part of the middle eye layer?

conjunctiva

To view close objects, the ciliary muscle will _____, the suspensory ligament will _____, and the lens will become more _______.

contract, loosen, rounded

Astigmatism is a result from a defect in the

curvature of the cornea or lens.

Sound waves are funneled through the __________ toward the __________.

external auditory canal; tympanic membrane

The first nerve cells light will encounter when it reaches the retina are called

ganglion cells

The near point of accommodation

increases with age.

This structure of the eye is flexible and it's width determines the amount of light entering the eyeball and degree of sharp depth perception

iris

Which of the following are parts that make up the posterior portion of the eyeball? (check all that apply)

lens

Which of the following structures is not considered an accessory structure of the eye

lens

Which of the following lists the auditory ossicles in the order in which vibrations from the tympanic membrane are transmitted?

malleus -> incus -> stapes

The blind spot is located at the _________ of the eye.

optic disk

The cornea and the sclera compose the ___________ eye layer.

outer

Where is light that is passed through the lens focused?

retina

The retina is comprised of specialized cells called ____.

rods and cones

Which of the following anatomical structures is not considered part of the cochlea?

stapes

Which eye structure supplies all others with oxygen and nutrients?

the vitreous humor

Dilation and constriction of the pupil is controlled by what muscle? iris 2. An adjustment made by the eye that reduces the amount of peripheral light entering the eye is called: the accommodation pupillary reflex 3. The pupil dilates in the accommodation pupillary reflex. False 4. The accommodation pupillary reflex results in a clearer image. True

.

April is listening to quiet music on her head phones when she accidentally hits the volume button. The music becomes very loud and April pulls out her headphones as quickly as possible. In addition to her quick reflexes pulling out the headphones, structures within April's middle ear helped protect her from the loud noise. Which of the following helped to dampen the sound waves prior to their entrance to the cochlea?

Stapedius and tensor tympani muscles restricted movement of the auditory ossicles.

Glen wakes up and looks at the clock across the room from his bed. The clock says 9:15 AM! To verify that he overslept, he grabs his phone to check the time. How did the lens of Glen's eyes change shape when he looked at the clock across his room, and then when he checked his phone?

The lens was flattened to look at the clock and spherical to look at the phone