Vocabulary of typical PC

Based on the number base 2, how many actual bites are there in one kilobyte?

1,024

Give three examples of computer data.

1. Text - abc or 123 2. Graphics - pictures 3. Sounds - music or voices

What is the decimal equivalent of the letter F?

15

Expansion Card

A board that can be easily installed in a computer to enhance or expand its capabilities.

Cooling Fan

A fan that supplies a constant stream of air across the computer components.

What represents computer character codes?

ASCII

The first standardized computer symbol code is called the ________ _______ ____ for ________ _________ and is represented by the acronym _____.

American Standard Code for Information Interchange, ASCII.

PCIe is an example of what?

An expansion slot.

What are the two categories of electronic components?

Analog and digital.

A dimmer switch represents which category of electronic device?

Analog.

A(n) _____ electronic system uses varied voltage signals.

Analog.

The switch in illustration B best represents a(n) ______ electronics system. * Illustration B shows two dimmer switches; one is off, one has 1/3 power.*

Analog.

Strap, typically worn around the wrist, which connects the technical to the ground and bleeds off any electrostatic charge.

Anti-static wrist strap.

The terms ____, ________, and CMOS are used interchangeably. *Note however these terms do different things.

BIOS, Firmware.

A(n) _______ is used to retain data in the CMOS after the computer's electrical power is switched off.

Battery.

Which system has the number base 2?

Binary.

Label the following unit of data: 1

Bit

A single binary unit is a ___, and a collection of eight binary digits are called a ____.

Bit, Byte.

When writing down memory usage ____ are represented by the letter b, and _____ are represented using the letter B.

Bits, Bytes

1011 0011

Binary.

1,099,511,627,776 bytes of RAM is approximately equal to one ________.

Terabyte.

What number system uses sixteen characters, 0-9 and A-F?

The Hexidecimal system.

What number system is composed of only one and zero?

The binary system.

The switch in illustration A bet represents a(n) _______ electronics syster. *Illustration A shows a switch with two positions - off=0 and on=1.*

Digital.

What is the technical term for a ''chip''?

Hard Drive

Computer data and programs are generally stored on the PC's ________ ________.

Hard drive.

1F represents 31 in which number system?

Hexidecimal.

Which number system has the base 16?

Hexidecimal.

Choose the word to match the definition: To plug or unplug a device while the PC is running.

Hot Swap.

A(n) ______ electronic system uses signals of full voltage or no voltage.

Digital.

Data transferred to an ATA hard drive.

Parallel.

Optional equipment used to display data or input data.

Peripheral.

Label the following unit of data: 10110100

Byte

What two numbers are used to represent data in a computer system or storage device?

0 and 1.

A simple on/off switch best represents which category of electronic device?

Digital.

The BIOS stores information about the hardware in the ___.

CMOS.

The brain of a computer is called the________ _____ _____ or CPU.

Central Processing Unit

Assembly of electronic modules that interact with software to create, modify, transmit, store, and display data.

Computer.

The power supply converts ac to what?

DC.

How is data represented inside the computer?

Data is represented electronically as high and low voltages.

Drive bay designed to accommodate the easy hot swap of devices such as hard drives, tape drives, and optical drives.

Device bay.

What is a common source of IC damage?

ESD or Static.

Transfer of static electrical energy from one object to another.

Electrostatic Discharge(ESD)

1,152,921,504,606,846,976 bytes equals one. . .

Exabyte.

What generally produces static?

Friction.

1,073,741,824 bytes equals one . . .

Gigabyte

Collection of transistors, resistors, and other electronic components reduced to an unbelievable small size. (IC) >OvO<

Integrated Circuit (IC).

1024 bytes of RAM is approximately equal to one ________.

Kilobyte.

Data is represented as electrical pulses are changed to ____ patterns when stored on a hard drive.

Magnetic.

1,048,576 bytes equals one . . .

Megabyte

The BIOS supports communication between the _____ and the computer's ______. *Note that BIOS is Firmware*

OS, Hardware

What is the name and acronym of the test preformed by BIOS when a computer is turned on?

POST, Power On Self Test

Identify the following as serial or parallel: More than one bit sent side by side.

Parallel

The volatile memory system inside a PC is referred to as ______ _____ _____ and is represented by the three letter acronym ___.

Random Access Memory, RAM

A permanent form of memory is called ____ ____ _____ and is represented by the three letter acronym ___.

Read only memory, ROM.

Expansion Card Slot

Receptacle for the expansion cards which allow them to connect to the motherboard's circuitry.

Data transferred through modems.

Serial

The acronym SATA represents _____ ________ and the acronym PATA represents ________ _______.

Serial ATA Parallel ATA

_____ transfer sends one bit at a time while ________ transfer sends data in many bits simultaneously.

Serial, Parallel

One bit at a time in successive order.

Serial.

What is the name of the number system used to represent digital electronics?

The binary system.

Which number system has a pattern of ones and zeros?

The binary system.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The brain of a computer.

(CMOS) Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor

The chip that stores the Setup utility data.

Define the following: Battery

The component that supplies voltage to the CMOS chip.

How is the morse code similar to computer technology?

The morse code consist of only two sounds - a short and long beep, also referred to as a dot and a dash. These are combined to represent the alphabet and numbers 1 - 9. Similarly, computers use the numbers 0 and 1 to represent data on the disk and memory chips.

How can ESD be prevented?

Use an anti-static mat and wrist strap, don't wear jewelery or dangling/loose fitting clothing, make sure the device is not plugged in, and keep spare parts in an anti-static bag when not in use.

Label the following unit of data: 00101110 010011 { The whole unit not the type of unit }

Word

A(n) ____ is the total amount of data (in bits or bytes) that a computer can process at one time.

Word.