VTNE Dentistry (practice)

Which correctly describes the lagomorph dental formula?

2 x {I 2/1:C 0/0:P 3/2:M 3/3}

Which of the following correctly describes the puppy dental formula?

2 x {I 3/3:C 1/1:P 3/3}

When using motorized equipment for an equine prophylaxis, speeds should range from ___________ to prevent thermal damage.

2000-3000 rpm

Using the Triadan system, the proper way to describe a dog's first maxillary left permanent premolar is:

205

How many deciduous teeth do horses have?

24

How many maxillary and mandibular premolars does the cat have in one half of the mouth?

3 in the maxilla & 2 in the mandible

The carnassial teeth in dogs are:

4P4 and 1M1

At what age do premolars erupt in foals?

5-7 days after birth

What is the minimum age for a cat to have all of its permanent teeth?

6 months

Which patient would benefit from prophylactic antibiotics?

A 10-year-old King Charles Spaniel with cardiomyopathy

Prognathism is a normal condition in brachycephalic breeds but is considered a genetic defect in other breeds. It is best characterized as:

A mandible that is longer than the maxilla

For what is crown reduction and restoration used?

A palatal trauma caused by a lingually displaced mandibular canine

Which statement is false?

A sulcus depth <_ 3 mm is normal in a cat

An oronasal fistula can often occur secondary to:

Abscess of the maxillary canine tooth

Hypodontia is defined as:

Absence of only a few teeth

In patients with severe, chronic periodontal disease, medication can be administered before a dental cleaning is performed. What is the most common type of medication chosen for these animals?

Antimicrobials

Perioceutics refers to what?

Application of time-released abx directly within the oral cavity

Where do tooth resorption lesions first appear clinically in the cat?

At the cementoenamel junction

Luxation of a tooth cannot be termed as:

Attrition

The flap side of the dental film should face:

Away from the tube head

A malocclusion in which the canines erupt in an overly upright position, or the mandible is narrowed, is known as:

Base-barrow mandibular canines

The pulp canal of a tooth contains:

Blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues

Chlorhexidine contributes to dental prophylaxis by:

Bonding to the cell membrane and inhibiting bacterial growth

Which of the following statements is true regarding the teeth of equine patients?

Brachydont teeth fully erupt before maturity & are normally long & hard enough to survive for the life of the individual

Which breed is prone to lip fold dermatitis?

Bulldogs

After plaque bacteria have formed on the tooth, the bacteria will absorb calcium from the saliva to form what substance?

Calculus

Which term identifies the hard, mineralized substance on the tooth surface?

Calculus

Medium- and large-breed dogs are most commonly affected by dental decay, which is also known as:

Caries

Dentin is covered by:

Cementum and enamel

Which options are best suited for rinsing a mouth before a dental prophy?

Chlorhexidine gluconate

Which of the following statements about canine toy breeds is true?

Chronic impaction of incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in a chronic osteomyelitis

Oligodontia is defined as:

Congenital absence of many, but not all, teeth

The pulp of the tooth has which functions?

Contains blood vessels and nerves that provide nutrition and sensation to the tooth

What inheritable oral condition, causing a neoplastic bone formation, is primarily seen in West Highland white terriers?

Cranial mandibular osteodystrophy

What is the main purpose of premolar teeth?

Cutting and breaking

Periodontal disease is the result of the inflammatory process to:

Dental plaque

As part of normal tooth development, what part of the tooth widens?

Dentin

What is the correct dental term/definition describing a tooth surface?

Distal-farthest from the midline

If a tooth is fractured and there is a black spot in the center of the cut surface, into which you can place a dental explorer, the best treatment would be:

Either a root canal or an extraction

Teeth that grow throughout an equine patient's life are termed:

Elodont

A dog exposed to distemper as a puppy may develop which oral condition?

Enamel hypoplasia

All of the following are common non-neoplastic conditions seen in the oral cavity of horses, EXCEPT:

Epulis

What is the most common clinical sign of feline stomatitis?

Erythematous, ulcerative, proliferative lesions affecting the gingiva, glossopalatine arches, tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, and/or hard palate

Another term for neck lesions often seen on feline teeth is:

Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions

Feline cervical line lesions/feline neck lesions/feline resorptive lesions are of great concern to veterinarians. Which of the following statements regarding these lesions is false?

Feline resorptive lesions are effectively managed with steroid administration

All of the following instruments may be used to remove deciduous cheek tooth remnants, EXCEPT:

Gelpi retractors

The term for a tooth that has one root but two crowns is:

Gemini

The shrinkage of free gingiva in the presence of bacteria, plaque, and/or dental calculus is termed:

Gingival recession

Equine check teeth are primarily used for:

Grinding & mastication

What material is used to fill the pulp chamber inside the tooth during a root canal therapy?

Gutta percha

In veterinary dentistry, chlorhexidine solutions are used because they:

Have antibacterial properties

When grading tooth mobility, which of the following corresponds to Grade 1?

Horizontal movement <1 mm

The bisecting angle principle states that the plane of an x-ray beam should be 90° to the:

Imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the tooth's long axis and the film plane

The most common mistake made in treating periodontal disease is:

Inadequate root planning

Local antibiotic therapy is provided:

Into the periodontal pocket

Applying fluoride and rinsing with diluted chlorhexidine at the same time:

Is less effective, because the binding of one product may inactive the other

A biopsy report confirms that an oral mass is an acanthomatous epulis; what can be said about this growth?

It is a nonmalignant tumor

Which statement is true regarding enamel?

It is relatively nonporous & impervious

The surface of the tooth toward the tongue is:

Lingual

Canine teeth are always present in which patients?

Male horses

The most common dental problem found in rodents is:

Malocclusion

What is a cause of pain/discomfort and severe oral pathology in dental patients?

Malocclusion

When assessing and quantifying gingivitis, the modified Löe and Silness index is often referred to. According to this index, a gingival index 2 indicates:

Moderate gingivitis, with gentle probing resulting in bleeding

Which statement is false regarding common oral conditions?

Most epulides are neoplastic

All are soft-tissue neoplasms seen in horses, EXCEPT:

Osteoma

Parrot mouth in foals are also known as an:

Overbite

The dental formula for the permanent teeth in the dog is 2 (I 3/3 and C 1/1), in addition to:

P 4/4 & M 2/3 = 42

The inflammatory reactions in periodontitis result in the destruction of which of the following structures?

Periodontal ligament & alveolar bone

The instrument used to measure pocket depth is a periodontal _______________.

Probe

What is epinephrine's role in local anesthesia in relation to a dental procedure?

Prolongs the anesthetic through vasoconstriction

The nerves and blood vessels of a tooth are located in the:

Pulp cavity

In dental radiographs, periapical disease appears as a:

Radiolucent area around the apex of the tooth

When scaling a tooth that has a large amount of calculus, the process should occur in which order?

Remove gross dental deposits with ronguers or extraction forceps; remove residual supragingival deposits with hand instruments; use power scaler to remove remaining deposits

An older dog with dental disease is presented to the clinic with a draining tract below his right eye. What is the most likely cause?

Right-sided maxillary carnassial tooth root abscess

Malocclusion in which one or more of the upper incisor teeth are caudal to the lower incisors, is known as:

Rostral crossbite

Which dental radiograph projection images 301-304 and 401-404?

Rostral mandibular view

Which dental radiographic projection images 101, 103, 201, 202, 203?

Rostral maxillary

What instrument is used for the removal of supragingival calculus?

Scaler

What breed would be associated with a doliocephalic head shape?

Seal point Siamese

What instrument is used to reduce the crown of sharp canine teeth?

Small files

The term polydontia refers to:

Supernumerary teeth

The bisecting angle technique is a method for radiographing the oral cavity. The description that adequately describes this technique is:

The central radiation beam is directed perpendicular to the line that bisects the angle formed by the film and the long axis of the tooth

In horses, the term coronal refers to which portion of the tooth?

The crown

Which statement is false regarding patient safety during dentistry?

The endotrach tube should be uncuffed so that the tube can be easily manipulated when performing dentistry

When grading furcation involvement, which of the following descriptions is termed Grade 1?

The furcation can be felt with the probe/explorer, but horizontal tissue destruction is <1/3 of the horizontal width

When grading furcation involvement, which of the following descriptions is termed Grade 3?

The probe can be passed through the furcation from buccal to palatal/lingual

Which of the following statements about ultrasonic cleaners is true?

The purpose of the water spray on an ultrasonic cleaners is to cool the tip of the instrument and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage

The furcation is best described as:

The space between two roots where they meet the crown

What is the general appearance of a Class 5 resorptive lesion?

The tooth is not visible, only gum tissue

Which statement is false when performing an ultrasonic scaling during routine dental prophylaxis?

The ultrasonic scaler can be used for supragingival scaling only

What is true about deciduous incisors?

They have roots that are long, thin and fragile

You are looking at your dental radiograph and notice that the tooth is elongated. This happened because the beam was perpendicular to the:

Tooth

You have an instrument in your hand that has two sharp sides, a rounded back, and a rounded point. You are holding a:

Universal curette

Dental film should be placed in the mouth with the dimple facing:

Up and pointing rostrally

When inspecting the mucous membranes during an oral assessment, one would look at:

Vesicle formation & ulceration

A malocclusion, where one side of the mandible or maxilla is disproportionate to its other side, is known as:

Wry mouth

An elongation of one side of the animals head results in:

Wry mouth

Removal of calculus and necrotic cementum from the tooth roots is called:

curettage

The periodontium includes the periodontal ligament and all of the following, EXCEPT:

enamel

What instrument is used to detect subgingival calculus?

explorer