Week 12: MyLab Chapters 35 and 36, ATI Infection
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who has been taking penicillin V three times daily and reports abdominal cramping with bloody diarrhea for several days. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client? "Bring in a stool sample for testing." "Take the drug only twice daily." "Use an over-the-counter anti-diarrheal medication." "Return to the clinic for blood work."
"Bring in a stool sample for testing."
A nurse is teaching a client about maraviroc. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? "It is important to report any noticeable rash immediately as it might indicate an issue with your liver." "Make sure you take this medication without any other medications first thing in the morning." "You might experience flu-like symptoms for which you can take any over-the-counter medication." "The side effects of this medication are minimal, so you can continue to work and drive as normal."
"It is important to report any noticeable rash immediately as it might indicate an issue with your liver."
A nurse is teaching a client about immunizations. Which of the following information should the nurse include about the teaching? "You should receive a tetanus booster every 10 years." "You should not receive the influenza immunization if you have a common cold." "You do not have to receive the shingles vaccine if you have received two doses of the varicella virus vaccine." "As long as you don't have risk factors, you will start receiving the pneumococcal vaccine when you are 50 years old."
"You should receive a tetanus booster every 10 years."
A nurse is teaching a guardian of a child about the recommended age range to receive the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Which of the following age ranges should the nurse include? 11 to 12 years old 7 to 9 years old 13 to 15 years old 15 to 17 years old
11 to 12 years old
The nurse plans to teach the client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) about bacterial infections. Which information should the nurse include in this teaching? Select all that apply. A."If just a few bacteria make you sick, this is virulence." B."Most bacteria have developed antibiotic resistance." C."Pathogens are divided into two classes, bacteria and viruses." D."Pathogenicity means the bacteria can cause an infection." E."Actually, most bacteria will not harm us."
A."If just a few bacteria make you sick, this is virulence." D."Pathogenicity means the bacteria can cause an infection." E."Actually, most bacteria will not harm us."
Which individual should receive a hepatitis B vaccine? Select all that apply. A.All newborn infants B.Clients with HIV C.International travelers D.People who are incarcerated E.People with alcoholism
A.All newborn infants B.Clients with HIV D.People who are incarcerated
Which laboratory test is used to evaluate the degree of damage to the immune system caused by HIV? A.CD4 T-cell count B.Complete blood count C.Platelets D.Liver function studies
A.CD4 T-cell count
The nurse is caring for a client suspected of an overdose of amphotericin B (Fungizone). Which condition should the nurse observe the client for? A.Cardiorespiratory arrest B.Acute renal failure C.Stevens-Johnson Syndrome D.Hepatotoxicity
A.Cardiorespiratory arrest
Which describes the primary purpose of the use of pharmacotherapy to treat herpes viruses? Select all that apply. A.Decreases the frequency of herpes episodes. B.Decreases the risk of secondary infections. C.Inactivates the herpes virus. D.Diminishes the intensity of the acute disease. E.Decreases the risk of spreading the infection.
A.Decreases the frequency of herpes episodes. D.Diminishes the intensity of the acute disease.
Which should the nurse monitor a client for that is prescribed cefotaxime (Claforan)? A.Diarrhea B.Fever C.Tachycardia D.Headache
A.Diarrhea
Which findings indicate the prescription used to treat a client's tuberculosis is therapeutic? Select all that apply. A.Diminished cough B.Diminished nausea C.Diminished fever D.Diminished pain E.Diminished sputum
A.Diminished cough C.Diminished fever D.Diminished pain E.Diminished sputum
Which information should the nurse include in the education for a client prescribed metronidazole (Flagyl)? Select all that apply. A.Do not drink alcohol with this medication. B.Do not take this medication with milk or milk products. C.Drink at least 3000 mL of fluid per day with this medication. D.Do not become pregnant while taking this medication. E.You may experience a metallic taste while on this medication.
A.Do not drink alcohol with this medication. D.Do not become pregnant while taking this medication. E.You may experience a metallic taste while on this medication.
Which information should the nurse include in the education for a client prescribed mebendazole (Vermox)? Select all that apply. A.Effectively treats adult parasites B.High concentrations of the drug remain in the intestine C.Generally requires a few days of therapy D.Treatment of the larva will require a different prescription E.The prescription should be taken with a high-fat meal
A.Effectively treats adult parasites B.High concentrations of the drug remain in the intestine C.Generally requires a few days of therapy E.The prescription should be taken with a high-fat meal
For a client receiving zidovudine (Retrovir), for which adverse reactions should the nurse increase surveillance? Select all that apply. A.Fatigue and generalized weakness B.New onset headache C.Constipation D.Edema E.Liver palpable on physical examination
A.Fatigue and generalized weakness B.New onset headache E.Liver palpable on physical examination
Which symptoms should the nurse instruct a client receiving amphotericin B (Fungizone) to report? Select all that apply. A.Fever B.Hearing loss C.Dizziness D.Constipation E.Heart palpitations
A.Fever B.Hearing loss C.Dizziness E.Heart palpitations
For which should the nurse monitor the older adult receiving chemotherapy? Select all that apply. A.Hypotension B.Incontinence C.Peripheral neuropathy D.Urinary retention E.Reduced deep tendon reflexes
A.Hypotension C.Peripheral neuropathy E.Reduced deep tendon reflexes
Which adverse effects should the nurse monitor for in a client receiving acyclovir (Zovirax)? A.Increased serum creatinine B.Auditory and visual hallucinations C.Respiratory distress D.Thrombocytopenia
A.Increased serum creatinine
Which intervention should the nurse integrate into the plan of care for a client receiving cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) experiencing oral irritation? A.Instruct the client to avoid extreme temperatures of food selections. B.Instruct the client to drink cold beverages. C.Instruct the client to use an antiseptic mouthwash. D.Instruct the client to rinse her mouth with normal saline.
A.Instruct the client to avoid extreme temperatures of food selections.
Which describes a major characteristic of viruses? A.Intracellular parasites B.Intracellular bacterial in nature C.Extracellular parasites D.Extracellular bacterial in nature
A.Intracellular parasites
Which should the nurse assess the client for that is receiving intravenous gentamicin (Garamycin)? Select all that apply. A.Neuromuscular toxicity B.Nephrotoxicity C.Cardiotoxicity D.Neurotoxicity E.Acute toxicity
A.Neuromuscular toxicity B.Nephrotoxicity D.Neurotoxicity
Which should the nurse recognize is the safest classification of antibiotics that is commonly prescribed? A.Penicillin B.Sulfonamides C.Macrolides D.Aminoglycosides
A.Penicillin
Which treatment plan should the nurse anticipate for the client with a sore throat, with white patches on the tonsils and swollen cervical lymph nodes? A.Prescription for a throat culture. B.Prescription of a broad-spectrum antibiotic. C.Prescription for blood cultures. D.Prescription of a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.
A.Prescription for a throat culture.
Which information should the nurse include in the education for a client prescribed isoniazid (INH) for tuberculosis? Select all that apply. A.Return to the clinic in 1 month for laboratory work. B.Report any numbness in your hands or feet. C.Take your prescription with food. D.Avoid the use of alcohol. E.Avoid aged cheeses and smoked meats.
A.Return to the clinic in 1 month for laboratory work. B.Report any numbness in your hands or feet. D.Avoid the use of alcohol. E.Avoid aged cheeses and smoked meats.
Which physical areas does a superficial fungal infection affect? Select all that apply. A.Skin B.Lungs C.Nails D.GI tract E.Vagina
A.Skin C.Nails E.Vagina
Which therapeutic interventions should the nurse include when teaching a client about the primary treatments for cancer? Select all that apply. A.Surgery B.Chemotherapy C.Nutrition therapy D.Alternative medicine E.Radiation therapy
A.Surgery B.Chemotherapy E.Radiation therapy
A client has just been prescribed highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of AIDS. Which teaching point is a priority for this client? A.Taking medications as scheduled is vital to successful treatment. B.Medications must be taken for 3 years after viral load is not measurable. C.The goal of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is to reduce plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ribonucleic acid (RNA) to the lowest possible level. D.Know which medications target which phases of the HIV replication cycle.
A.Taking medications as scheduled is vital to successful treatment.
Which should the nurse identify as pharmacotherapy with natural products that have antineoplastic activity? Select all that apply. A.Taxanes B.Antimetabolites C.Vinca alkaloids D.Topoisomerase inhibitors E.Alkylating agents
A.Taxanes C.Vinca alkaloids D.Topoisomerase inhibitors
Which information should the nurse provide when educating a client about the reduction of the development of antibiotic resistance? Select all that apply. A.The best way to prevent antibiotic resistance is to prevent infections from occurring. B.Antibiotic prescriptions are not used for the treatment of colds and influenza. C.Take the full amount of any prescribed medication. D.See your healthcare provider as soon as you feel ill. E.Use good infection control measures.
A.The best way to prevent antibiotic resistance is to prevent infections from occurring. B.Antibiotic prescriptions are not used for the treatment of colds and influenza. C.Take the full amount of any prescribed medication. E.Use good infection control measures.
Which clinical finding indicates the nurse should hold the dose of methotrexate (MTX)? A.Ulcerative stomatitis B.Elevated serum uric acid level C.Deep vein thrombosis D.Elevated white blood cell count
A.Ulcerative stomatitis
Which topics should the nurse include in the education of the client prescribed testosterone treatment for cancer? Select all that apply. A.Weight gain B.Sweating C.Hair loss D.Constipation E.Nervousness
A.Weight gain B.Sweating E.Nervousness
Which question should the nurse ask the client that is prescribed cefepime (Maxipime)? A."Are you allergic to penicillin?" B."Are you allergic to tetracycline?" C."Are you breastfeeding?" D."Are you pregnant?"
A."Are you allergic to penicillin?"
A client with a benign tumor on his arm asks the nurse why he is not being treated with anything. Which response should the nurse provide? Select all that apply. A."Benign tumors do not metastasize." B."Many of the tumors are resistant to treatment." C."Treatment will only be required if the tumor continues to grow." D."Your tumor is slow growing." E."Benign tumors rarely require treatment."
A."Benign tumors do not metastasize." D."Your tumor is slow growing." E."Benign tumors rarely require treatment."
A client asks the nurse why there aren't better drugs for HIV infection when so much money is spent on research. Which response should the nurse provide? A."Developing new drugs is difficult because the virus mutates so readily." B."Developing new drugs is difficult because of the perception that AIDS is no longer a problem." C."Developing new drugs is difficult because we still do not understand the virus." D."Antiviral drugs are difficult to create."
A."Developing new drugs is difficult because the virus mutates so readily."
The nurse reviewing a client's records notes the client has been receiving nitazoxanide (Alinia). Which question should the nurse ask the client? A."Do you have access to clean water?" B."Are you still cleaning the cat litter box?" C."Do you still have mosquito bites?" D."Has your partner been treated?"
A."Do you have access to clean water?"
Which question should the nurse ask the client who has been receiving dolutegravir (DTG)? A."How have you been sleeping?" B."Are you experiencing any dizziness in the morning?" C."Are you having any trouble with constipation?" D."Have you had any difficulty urinating?"
A."How have you been sleeping?"
The nurse has provided education about cancer prevention to a community group. Which statements made by the participants indicate an understanding of the information? Select all that apply. A."I've been thinking about trying a vegetarian diet. Now may be a good time." B."I am going to call my doctor and schedule a pap smear." C."I think I will start taking vitamin A and selenium." D."I've never been a drinker, but I am going to start drinking a glass of wine with dinner." E."I am going to read the label on that new bottle of sunscreen I bought."
A."I've been thinking about trying a vegetarian diet. Now may be a good time." B."I am going to call my doctor and schedule a pap smear." E."I am going to read the label on that new bottle of sunscreen I bought."
A client asks the nurse why lung cancers are less sensitive to antineoplastic agents. Which response should the nurse provide the client? A."Lung cancer cells have a low growth fraction, which means there isn't much difference between the number of replicating and resting cells." B."Lung cancer cells have been growing for a long time before detection, so they are less sensitive to antineoplastic agents." C."Lung cancer cells have a very erratic cell cycle, and this is why there isn't much difference between the number of replicating and resting cells." D."Lung cancer cells grow in a high-oxygen environment, so they are not very sensitive to antineoplastic agents."
A."Lung cancer cells have a low growth fraction, which means there isn't much difference between the number of replicating and resting cells."
Which statement should the nurse include when discussing antibiotic resistance with a client? A."Resistance to antibiotics can occur by the common use for nosocomial infections." B."Resistance to antibiotics most often occurs when prescribed to treat the wrong organism." C."Resistance to antibiotics most often occurs when a client has a suppressed immune system." D."Resistance to antibiotics can occur anytime they are prophylactic prescribed."
A."Resistance to antibiotics can occur by the common use for nosocomial infections."
A client tells the nurse they do not understand why their prescribed antibiotic did not kill the bacteria that caused their infection. Which response should then nurse provide the client? A."Some antibiotics work with your body's ability to help kill the infection." B."Your healthcare provider will want additional blood work to identify type of bacteria." C."Your healthcare provider will most likely prescribe a different type of antibiotic." D."Your infection is not a serious one and overtime your body should be able to kill the bacteria."
A."Some antibiotics work with your body's ability to help kill the infection."
Which should the nurse include as the causes of cancer when providing client education? Select all that apply. A."Some cancers have a strong genetic component." B."Cancer can result from tissue trauma." C."Cancers have a very strong environmental component." D."Cancer can result from increased levels of stress." E."Cancer can result from damaged tumor suppressor genes."
A."Some cancers have a strong genetic component." C."Cancers have a very strong environmental component." E."Cancer can result from damaged tumor suppressor genes."
Which information should the nurse include in the client teaching for amebiasis? Select all that apply. A."The primary symptom is diarrhea." B."Severe muscle cramping is a common symptom." C."Amebiasis may damage the liver." D."Brain abscesses are the typical fatal event." E."Amebiasis is contracted through contact with contaminated water."
A."The primary symptom is diarrhea." C."Amebiasis may damage the liver." E."Amebiasis is contracted through contact with contaminated water."
A client with Hodgkin's disease asks the nurse why he is receiving corticosteroids for chemotherapy. Which response should the nurse include in the discussion? A."They suppress cell division in lymphocytes." B."The prescription causes bone marrow suppression." C."The red blood cells are destroyed." D."The prescription blocks substances for tumor growth."
A."They suppress cell division in lymphocytes."
Which information should the nurse include in the teaching for the client prescribed ganciclovir (Cytovene)? A."This drug will need to be applied multiple times a day." B."You can expect some burning and stinging after the instillation of the prescription." C."You may notice your eyes becoming swollen with the use of this prescription." D."You may experience sensitivity to light after the use of the prescription."
A."This drug will need to be applied multiple times a day."
A client asks the nurse why he is receiving several chemotherapeutic agents as treatment for cancer. Which response should the nurse provide the client? A."Using multiple drugs will help kill more of the cancer." B."Using multiple drugs means a shorter treatment time." C."Using multiple drugs decreases the incidence of side effects." D."Using multiple drugs is more cost effective in treating cancer."
A."Using multiple drugs will help kill more of the cancer."
A parent of a child diagnosed with pinworms tells the nurse they are concerned about administering the prescription because it may be toxic. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A."Very little of the drug is absorbed into the system." B."Severe infestations can result in malabsorption." C."It is critical that you give this medication." D."Many types of pinworms are resistant to treatment." E."The child may be at an increased risk for immunosuppression."
A."Very little of the drug is absorbed into the system." B."Severe infestations can result in malabsorption." E."The child may be at an increased risk for immunosuppression."
The nurse provides client education about viruses. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the information? Select all that apply. A."Viruses are nonliving particles." B."The structure of viruses is complex." C."Viruses can infect plants as well as animals." D."A virion is a mature virus." E."Viruses are intracellular parasites."
A."Viruses are nonliving particles." C."Viruses can infect plants as well as animals." D."A virion is a mature virus." E."Viruses are intracellular parasites."
A client who has had malaria for many years asks the nurse why the prescriptions might not cure his or her illness when there are several drugs available. Which is the best response by the nurse? A."When cysts occur late in the disease, the parasite is too resistant for the prescriptions to be effective." B."Late in the illness, the immune system is too overwhelmed for prescriptions to be effective." C."When erythrocytes rupture, the parasites are too numerous for prescriptions to be effective." D."Once the parasite starts multiplying in your liver, prescriptions are usually ineffective."
A."When cysts occur late in the disease, the parasite is too resistant for the prescriptions to be effective."
Which statements should the supervisor use to respond to a newly employed nurse who states, "I am not certain I want to get a hepatitis shot"? Select all that apply. A."Working in a hospital puts you at a higher risk for being exposed to hepatitis B." B."You can be protected from hepatitis B with one immunization." C."This immunization is administered to children before they are 2 years old." D."If you don't get this vaccine, you must wear gloves at all times." E."The vaccine is 90% effective in preventing hepatitis B."
A."Working in a hospital puts you at a higher risk for being exposed to hepatitis B." C."This immunization is administered to children before they are 2 years old." E."The vaccine is 90% effective in preventing hepatitis B."
A client recovering from hepatitis B asks the nurse if he is immune to hepatitis B. Which information should the nurse provide the client? Select all that apply. A."You are now immune to getting hepatitis B again." B."Chronic hepatitis B may take years to develop." C."If your immune system weakens, you can acquire a new case of hepatitis B." D."Annual hepatitis immunoglobulin will prevent you from acquiring the illness again." E."One dose of interferon will boost your immunity to hepatitis B."
A."You are now immune to getting hepatitis B again." B."Chronic hepatitis B may take years to develop."
A nurse should recognize that enfuvirtide can be prescribed to clients who have which of the following conditions? Advanced prostate cancer Primary brain tumors Advanced HIV Metastatic ovarian cancer
Advanced HIV
A nurse is preparing to administer the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine to a child. The nurse should recognize that the MMR vaccine provides which of the following types of immunity? Artificial active immunity Active Passive Artificial passive immunity
Artificial active immunity
A nurse is caring for a client who has a streptococcal pharyngitis and an allergy to penicillin. The nurse should recognize that which of the following drugs can be safely administered to this client? Nafcillin Azithromycin Cephalexin Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
Azithromycin
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a patient who is taking tetracycline orally to treat a chlamydia infection and reports severe blood-tinged diarrhea. The nurse should suspect the client is experiencing which of the following? A. Hemorrhoids B. C. diff-associated diarrhea C. Diverticular disease D. Small bowel obstruction
B. C. diff-associated diarrhea
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a new dx of bacterial meningitis. The nurse should expect the provider to prescribe a drug from which of the following classifications of antibiotics? A. First gen cephalosporins B. Third gen cephalosporins C. Monobactams D. Macrolides
B. Third gen cephalosporins
Which finding should the nurse instruct the client receiving tamoxifen to immediately report to the healthcare provider? A.Size increase of the tumor B.A temperature of 101.1F C.Nausea and vomiting D.Weight gain of 3 pounds in 1 week
B.A temperature of 101.1F
Which describes pathogenicity? A.Ability to kill pathogens. B.Ability of organisms to cause infection. C.Ability to disrupt the DNA of the pathogen. D.Ability disease to occur when pathogens are present.
B.Ability of organisms to cause infection.
Which should the nurse recognize is a broad-spectrum penicillin? Select all that apply. A.Oxacillin B.Ampicillin C.Piperacillin D.Amoxicillin E.Dicloxacillin
B.Ampicillin D.Amoxicillin
Which information should the nurse include in the client teaching about pharmacotherapy for influenza? A.Antiviral prescriptions can increase resistance to other strains of the flu. B.Antiviral prescriptions can be used to treat active influenza infections. C.Antiviral prescriptions should be administered within 72 hours of flu symptoms occurring. D.Antiviral prescriptions decrease the risk of transmission of the flu.
B.Antiviral prescriptions can be used to treat active influenza infections.
Which action should the nurse take after discontinuing an intravenous infusion of doxorubicin (Adriamycin) that has extravasated? A.A warm, wet compress should be placed on the site. B.Apply ice packs to the area immediately. C.Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water. D.Inspect the area for irritation.
B.Apply ice packs to the area immediately.
Which laboratory test should the nurse anticipate prescribed to help identify the correct antibiotic to be used for the treatment of a client with a fever of 104F? A.Complete blood count (CBC) B.Blood for culture and sensitivity C.Liver function tests D.Urinalysis
B.Blood for culture and sensitivity
Which should the nurse understand can be used to minimize bone marrow toxicity? Select all that apply. A.Alkylating agents B.Bone marrow transplantation C.Hormone antagonists D.Platelet administration E.Growth factor therapy
B.Bone marrow transplantation D.Platelet administration E.Growth factor therapy
Which is the most common type of opportunistic fungal infection? A.Microsporum species B.Candida albicans C.Pneumocystis jiroveci D.Cryptococcus neoformans
B.Candida albicans
Which information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching for a client prescribed tetracycline? Select all that apply. A.Take the medication with antacids. B.Do not take the prescription with iron supplements. C.Do not take the prescription with milk. D.Do not take the prescription with vitamins. E.Take the prescription with food.
B.Do not take the prescription with iron supplements. C.Do not take the prescription with milk. E.Take the prescription with food.
Prior to administering a prescribed dose of gentamicin (Garamycin), the nurse notes a client's serum level of gentamicin (Garamycin) is 12 mcg/mL? Which action should the nurse take? A.Request a new culture and sensitivity B.Hold the dose of gentamicin C.Request a new serum level D.Administer the dose of gentamicin
B.Hold the dose of gentamicin
Which priority nursing actions should the nurse take prior to administering penicillin G benzathine (Bicillin LA) to a client? Select all that apply. A.Have the client lie down and assess vital signs. B.Inquire about a history of allergies to penicillin. C.Inform the client that they will need to be observed for 30 minutes after the injection. D.Inform the client that they will need someone to drive them home. E.Advise the client to rest for the remainder of the day.
B.Inquire about a history of allergies to penicillin. C.Inform the client that they will need to be observed for 30 minutes after the injection.
Which describes the action of bactericidal drugs? A.Slow the growth of the bacteria. B.Kill the bacteria. C.High potency. D.Disrupt normal cell function.
B.Kill the bacteria.
Which information should the nurse include in the teaching for a client prescribed an antiretroviral agent? A.Weigh yourself daily. B.Practice good handwashing. C.Monitor your blood pressure daily. D.Use barrier protection when genital lesions are present.
B.Practice good handwashing.
Which information should the nurse include in the teaching for a client prescribed hepatitis A immunoglobulin after being exposed to hepatitis A? A.You will need another booster in 6 months. B.This injection may keep you from contracting hepatitis A. C.You will not need to worry about contracting hepatitis A for the next 5 to 8 years. D.If you plan on traveling out of the country, you will need another injection.
B.This injection may keep you from contracting hepatitis A.
Which information should the nurse provide the client prescribed oseltamivir (Tamiflu)? Select all that apply. A.This prescription is administered via inhalation. B.This prescription should be taken immediately. C.This prescription will keep you from getting the flu. D.This is an expensive prescription. E.This prescription will be helpful if you have influenza or a cold.
B.This prescription should be taken immediately. D.This is an expensive prescription.
Which priority question should the nurse ask the female client that has been prescribed penicillin G? A."Are you breastfeeding?" B."Are you taking birth control pills?" C."Are you pregnant?" D."Do you plan to become pregnant?"
B."Are you taking birth control pills?"
Which information should the nurse include in the education for a parent of a child diagnosed with ascariasis? Select all that apply. A."Your child has pinworms." B."Children get worms from playing in infected soil." C."Treatment will consist of medication for 3 days." D."No treatment will be necessary after I give this one pill."
B."Children get worms from playing in infected soil." C."Treatment will consist of medication for 3 days."
The nurse notifies the supervisor after accidentally sticking herself with a needle while starting an intravenous (IV) line on a client with AIDS. Which response should the supervisor provide the nurse to decrease her anxiety? A."Workers' compensation will cover the cost of your illness and medications." B."Fortunately, the chances of you contracting HIV after the stick are very small." C."Did you use the hospital protocols for starting IV lines on a client with AIDS?" D."If you are started on medications soon, it will decrease the severity of the disease."
B."Fortunately, the chances of you contracting HIV after the stick are very small."
A client suspected of having hepatitis C asks the nurse why cultures are being obtained when hepatitis is a virus. Which response should the nurse provide the client? A."Obtaining a culture will rule out a bacterial infection." B."Hepatitis C viruses can be cultured." C."There is a strain of hepatitis C that is a combination of a bacteria and virus. D."Cultures are needed to rule out a bacterial infection."
B."Hepatitis C viruses can be cultured."
The nurse has provided education for a client prescribed an antifungal. Which statement made by the client indicates further teaching is required? A."I will avoid drinking carbonated beverages." B."I will get up slowly to avoid feeling dizzy." C."I will increase my fluid intake to 2 L per day." D."I will take my prescription with milk."
B."I will get up slowly to avoid feeling dizzy."
Which statement made by a client prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Septra) should the nurse be concerned about? A."I forgot to take iron today." B."I will not take my warfarin at the same time." C."If I go out I will make sure to use a strong sunscreen." D."I will take this prescription with water."
B."I will not take my warfarin at the same time."
The nurse has provided education for a client prescribed a topical antifungal. Which statement made by the client indicates further teaching is needed? A."I will not scrub the area where the prescription will be applied." B."I will protect the area with an occlusive dressing." C."I will make sure my clothing is loose over the area." D."I will allow the area to dry after applying the prescription."
B."I will protect the area with an occlusive dressing."
The nurse has provided education for a client with AIDS prescribed antiviral treatment. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the information? A."I will need to limit my travel to avoid people with other infections." B."I will still need to take precautions to avoid spreading the virus to others." C."I will need to be on a high-calorie diet to enhance the effect of the medication." D."I will not be able to continue working at my high-stress job anymore."
B."I will still need to take precautions to avoid spreading the virus to others."
A client with tuberculosis asks why they are prescribed multiple drugs. Which information should the nurse include in the education? A."Current research indicates that the most effective way to treat tuberculosis is with multiple drugs." B."Multiple drugs are necessary because the bacteria are likely to develop resistance to just one drug." C."Treatment for tuberculosis is complex, and multiple drugs must be continued for as long as you are contagious." D."Multiple drug treatment is necessary to help develop an immunity to tuberculosis."
B."Multiple drugs are necessary because the bacteria are likely to develop resistance to just one drug."
The nursing educator reviews the subject of fungal infections with a nurse. Which statements made by the nurse indicate an understanding of the information? Select all that apply. A."Superficial infections are more difficult to treat than systemic infections." B."Newer medications can be used for superficial as well as systemic infections." C."Systemic infections are much more common than superficial infections." D."Superficial infections are considered more benign than systemic infections." E."Systemic infections require oral medications that have serious adverse effects."
B."Newer medications can be used for superficial as well as systemic infections." D."Superficial infections are considered more benign than systemic infections." E."Systemic infections require oral medications that have serious adverse effects."
A client with cancer that has not responded to treatment asks the nurse why he is being offered palliative chemotherapy. Which information should the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply. A."Palliative chemotherapy can continue to help slow the growth of the cancer." B."Sometimes the chemotherapy can reduce the size of the tumor." C."The cancer may still respond to treatment." D."Chemotherapy can sometimes reduce the pain." E."Chemotherapy may well improve your quality of life."
B."Sometimes the chemotherapy can reduce the size of the tumor." D."Chemotherapy can sometimes reduce the pain." E."Chemotherapy may well improve your quality of life."
A client asks why tamoxifen is so effective for the treatment of breast cancer. Which response should the nurse provide the client? A."Tamoxifen works by inhibiting the metabolism of breast cancer cells." B."Tamoxifen works by blocking estrogen receptors on breast tissue." C."Tamoxifen works by binding to the DNA of breast cancer cells." D."Tamoxifen works by inhibiting the cellular mitosis of breast cancer."
B."Tamoxifen works by blocking estrogen receptors on breast tissue."
A client with AIDS asks the nurse why he must take so many prescriptions. Which response should the nurse provide the client? A."To provide you with the most effective treatment for your illness." B."To decrease the possibility of the virus developing resistance to the medications." C."Research has shown single medications to be ineffective." D."Because the earlier we start multiple medications, the better the outcome."
B."To decrease the possibility of the virus developing resistance to the medications."
A client asks the nurse when she should start having Pap tests to help detect cervical cancer? A."You should start testing by age 21 or if you begin using alcohol." B."You should start the testing by age 21." C."By age 21, but earlier if you have a family history of cancer." D."By age 21 or earlier if you are smoking."
B."You should start the testing by age 21."
Which information should the nurse include in the education for a client prescribed rifampin (Rifadin)? A."Your stools may turn black." B."Your urine may turn reddish orange." C."Your sweat may turn yellow." D."Your skin may turn yellowish orange."
B."Your urine may turn reddish orange."
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin and has a new rx for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole to treat a UTI. The nurse should clarify the prescriptions w/the provider b/c taking these two drugs concurrently can increase the client's risk for which of the following? Bleeding Thrombosis ECG changes Ototoxicity
Bleeding
A nurse is preparing to administer amphotericin B IV to a patient who has a systemic fungal infection. Which of the following drugs should the healthcare professional administer prior to the infusion to prevent or minimize adverse reactions during amphotericin B administration? (Select all that apply.) A. Aspirin B. Hydrocortisone C. Acetaminophen D. Diphenhydramine E. Ibuprofen
C. Acetaminophen D. Diphenhydramine
A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) to treat a urinary tract infection. The health care professional should tell the patient to report which of the following adverse effects of the drug? A. Constipation B. Dark brown urine C. Cough D. Tremors
C. Cough
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin gentamicin therapy to treat an infection. The nurse should monitor the client for an alteration in which of the following:? A. Bowel function B. Peripheral pulses C. Urine output D. LOC
C. Urine output
Which prophylactic treatment should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed for a client prior traveling to Africa? A.Antibiotics B.Immunizations for malaria C.Antimalarial drugs D.Protease inhibitors
C.Antimalarial drugs
Which class of antifungals is the largest and most versatile group? A.Polyene B.Anthelmintic C.Azole D.Mycolic acid inhibitor
C.Azole
Which describes the action of aromatase inhibitors? A.Block the estrogen receptors that stimulate the growth of ER-positive tumors B.Suppress the ovary and adrenal gland from producing estrogen C.Block an enzyme that catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of estrogen D.Weaken the effect of estrogen on ER-positive tumors
C.Block an enzyme that catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of estrogen
Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor the client receiving doxorubicin (Adriamycin) for? A.Hepatotoxicity B.Nephrotoxicity C.Cardiotoxicity D.Neurotoxicity
C.Cardiotoxicity
The nurse notes a client has a gram-negative urinary tract infection. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate? A.Tetracycline (Sumycin) B.Vancomycin (Vancocin) C.Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) D.Gentamicin (Garamycin)
C.Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Which information should the nurse include in the teaching about bacteria with a client? Select all that apply. A.Bacteria are either aerobic or anaerobic. B.Bacteria are multicellular organisms. C.E. coli are gram-negative bacteria. D.Gram staining is one way to identify bacteria. E.Spherical-shaped bacteria are called cocci.
C.E. coli are gram-negative bacteria. D.Gram staining is one way to identify bacteria. E.Spherical-shaped bacteria are called cocci.
Which prescription should the nurse anticipate prescribed for a client with trichomoniasis? A.Chloroquine (Aralen) B.Nitazoxanide (Alinia) C.Metronidazole (Flagyl) D.Praziquantel (Biltricide)
C.Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Which prescription should the nurse anticipate for a client requiring an extended spectrum penicillin? A.Penicillin V B.Ampicillin C.Piperacillin D.Oxacillin
C.Piperacillin
Which data should the nurse review prior to administering nystatin to a female client? A.Type of contraception used B.Last menstrual period C.Positive pregnancy D.Height and weight
C.Positive pregnancy
For which adverse effect should the nurse assess a client prescribed efavirenz (Sustiva)? A.Bone marrow suppression B.Seizures C.Rash D.Cardiac arrest
C.Rash
Which describes the primary purpose of general pharmacotherapy for the treatment of HIV/AIDS? A.Eliminate viral load B.Stop the virus from replicating C.Relieve symptoms for a longer period of time D.Decrease general transmission
C.Relieve symptoms for a longer period of time
Which should the nurse recognize as the primary factor for nonadherence to the prescribed treatment for clients with AIDS? A.The weight gain associated with the medications B.A lack of understanding of the reason for taking the medications C.The necessity of having to take multiple medications throughout the day D.The difficulty with availability of medications to treat AIDS
C.The necessity of having to take multiple medications throughout the day
Which describes the growth fraction ratio? A.The number of replicating cells to the number of active cells. B.The number of nonreplicating cells to the number of resting cells. C.The number of replicating cells to the number of resting cells. D.The number of non replicating cells to the number of active cells.
C.The number of replicating cells to the number of resting cells.
Which describes the action of urinary antiseptics? Select all that apply. A.They can be administered intravenously. B.They are used as first-line treatment of urinary tract infections. C.Therapeutic levels of the drug are reached in the kidney. D.They treat local infections in the urinary tract. E.The anti-infective action is specific to the urinary system.
C.Therapeutic levels of the drug are reached in the kidney. D.They treat local infections in the urinary tract. E.The anti-infective action is specific to the urinary system.
Which describes the main mechanism of action of alkylating agents? A.They either directly or indirectly bind to cancer cells causing an activation of the immune response which results in the destruction of the cancer cells. B.The agents can become incorporated into the structures of DNA and RNA, resulting in a disruption of nucleic acid function. C.They change the shape of the DNA double helix and prevent nucleic acid from completing normal cell division. D.When cancer cells attempt to synthesize proteins, RNA, or DNA metabolic pathways are disrupted and the cancer cells die or their growth is slowed.
C.They change the shape of the DNA double helix and prevent nucleic acid from completing normal cell division.
Which laboratory test should the nurse use to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment with antiviral prescriptions? A.Viral cultures B.T4 lymphocyte count C.Viral load D.CD4 T-cell count
C.Viral load
A client with cancer asks the nurse how cancer occurs. Which response should the nurse provide the client? A."Cigarette smoking and second-hand smoke are the primary causes of cancer." B."Cancer is caused primarily by viruses in the environment." C."Cancer cells are the body's cells that have lost the ability to control their growth." D."Cancer is genetic; you inherited the predisposition for cancer."
C."Cancer cells are the body's cells that have lost the ability to control their growth."
A pregnant client with AIDS asks the nurse if her baby will die of AIDS. Which response should the nurse provide? A."There are special tests that we can do to see if your unborn baby is positive." B."Acquired immune deficiency can be unpredictable in the newborn." C."Drug therapy can help prevent your child from contracting the virus." D."There are drugs that can be given after birth to reverse the disease process."
C."Drug therapy can help prevent your child from contracting the virus."
A client prescribed amoxicillin (Amoxil) for 10 days to treat strep throat tells the nurse that they are going to stop the prescription when they feel better. Which initial response should the nurse provide the client? A."Stopping the prescription early could result in resistance to the antibiotic." B."You should get another throat culture if your symptoms return." C."If you stop the prescription early, you may have not effectively killed the bacteria." D."If you do stop your prescription early, make sure you get another throat culture."
C."If you stop the prescription early, you may have not effectively killed the bacteria."
A pregnant client with HIV receiving zidovudine asks the nurse why they will not test the newborn for HIV immediately after birth. Which response should the nurse provide? A."Testing will continue until your baby is 1 year old." B."The most sensitive test is the one done at 6 months of age." C."Since you are taking zidovudine, a test at birth will not be accurate." D."The tests are much more accurate when your baby gets to be 1 week old."
C."Since you are taking zidovudine, a test at birth will not be accurate."
A client with a fungal infection of the toenails prescribed oral terbinafine (Lamisil) asks the nurse how a pill will heal the nail infection. What should be the nurse's response? A."The prescription will be combined with a topical agent to increase effectiveness." B."The prescription works by destroying circulating fungi in your blood." C."The prescription accumulates in the nail beds and remains there for many months." D."The prescription works by destroying toxins excreted by the fungi in your nails."
C."The prescription accumulates in the nail beds and remains there for many months."
The nurse has completed the teaching for a client with HIV prescribed zidovudine (Retrovir). Which statement made by the client indicates further teaching is required? A."Zidovudine (Retrovir) will slow the disease, but not cure it." B."Zidovudine (Retrovir) will need to be stopped if bone marrow depression occurs." C."Zidovudine (Retrovir) prevents spread of the virus through sexual contact." D."Zidovudine (Retrovir) therapy frequently results in the development of anemia."
C."Zidovudine (Retrovir) prevents spread of the virus through sexual contact."
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who is taking amoxicillin to treat a respiratory infection and reports a rash and wheezing. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client? Wait 1 hr and contact the provider if there is no improvement. Skip today's dose of amoxicillin and resume taking the drug tomorrow. Call emergency services immediately. Take an NSAID to reduce skin and airway inflammation.
Call emergency services immediately.
When administering oral erythromycin to a client who has acute diphtheria, a nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects? Hypothermia Blurred vision Constipation Cardiac dysrhythmias
Cardiac dysrhythmias
A nurse should recognize that maraviroc is used in the treatment of which of the following conditions? Diabetes mellitus Meningeal infection Pancreatitis Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)-tropic HIV-1
Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)-tropic HIV-1
Which is a priority nursing assessment for the client receiving multiple antibiotics? A.Assessing renal and liver function tests B.Assessing blood cultures for the presence of bacteria C.Assessing whether or not the client has adequate food and fluid intake D.Assessing changes in stool, white patches in the mouth, and urogenital itching or rash
D.Assessing changes in stool, white patches in the mouth, and urogenital itching or rash
A client with leukemia asks the nurse where the cancer in her body is located. Which response should the nurse provide the client? A.Lymphoid tissue B.Connective tissue C.Epithelial tissue D.Bone marrow
D.Bone marrow
Which is the most important nursing consideration for clients receiving alkylating agents? A.Nutritional intake B.Nausea and vomiting C.Skin integrity D.CBC with differential
D.CBC with differential
The nurse notes a client that has received intravenous vancomycin (Vancocin) develops an upper body rash and has a decreased urine output. In addition to notifying the healthcare provider, which is the nurse's priority action? A.Administer an antihistamine B.Obtain a sterile urine specimen C.Obtain a stat x-ray D.Hold the next dose of vancomycin (Vancocin)
D.Hold the next dose of vancomycin (Vancocin)
Which is a nursing priority action for the client receiving gentamicin (Garamycin) intravenously? A.Decrease the fluids for the client during therapy. B.Draw daily blood chemistries. C.Place the client on isolation precautions. D.Monitor the client for hearing loss.
D.Monitor the client for hearing loss.
Which adverse effects should the nurse monitor the client receiving vincristine (Oncovin) for? A.Hepatotoxicity B.Nephrotoxicity C.Cardiotoxicity D.Neurotoxicity
D.Neurotoxicity
Which outcome should the nurse anticipate for a client with herpes receiving acyclovir (Zovirax)? A.Absence of a recurrence of infection in the affected area. B.Identification of the names of the client's sexual contacts in the past month. C.Report of a decrease in the number of lesions in the affected area. D.Report of decreased pain using the approved pain scale.
D.Report of decreased pain using the approved pain scale.
Which client should the nurse recognize has the highest risk for developing cancer? A.The client who is 25 pounds overweight but exercises regularly B.The client who frequently forgets self breast exams but has routine mammograms C.The client who usually applies sunscreen when going outdoors D.The client who consumes excessive alcohol
D.The client who consumes excessive alcohol
Which client is at the greatest risk for acquiring a fungal infection? A.The client with severe burns over 20% of the body B.The adolescent client with a fractured femur C.The client with anemia pregnant with triplets D.The client with malignant melanoma who is receiving chemotherapy
D.The client with malignant melanoma who is receiving chemotherapy
Which describes a characteristic of the class of carbapenems? A.They have one of the lowest resistance rates. B.They have some of the narrowest antimicrobial spectrums. C.They have one of the longest half-lives. D.They have some of the broadest antimicrobial spectrums.
D.They have some of the broadest antimicrobial spectrums.
For which adverse effect should the nurse monitor the client prescribed tamoxifen? A.Signs of dehydration B.Fatigue C.Cough D.Vaginal discharge
D.Vaginal discharge
A client with hepatitis C asks the nurse what his chance is of developing chronic hepatitis C. Which information should the nurse provide? A."The risk of you developing chronic hepatitis C is about 40%." B."The risk of you developing chronic hepatitis C is based on your compliance with the initial treatment." C."The risk of you developing chronic hepatitis C is based on your immunity." D."The risk of you developing chronic hepatitis C is about 70%."
D."The risk of you developing chronic hepatitis C is about 70%."
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of breast cancer about the drug tamoxifen. The nurse should tell the client that which of the following conditions is a contraindication for taking tamoxifen? Deep-vein thrombosis COPD Diabetes mellitus Alcohol use disorder
Deep-vein thrombosis
A nurse is reviewing a client's prescriptions prior to administering gentamicin to the client to treat a systemic infection. The nurse should clarify the use of gentamicin with the provider if the client is taking which of the following drugs? Ethacrynic acid Diphenhydramine Acetaminophen Levothyroxine
Ethacrynic acid
A nurse is teaching the guardian of a 4- month- old infant about recommended immunizations for the infant. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse include? Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine (Hib) Varicella vaccine Meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) Tetanus-diphtheria-acelluar pertussis vaccine (Tdap)
Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine (Hib)
A nurse is teaching a client about recommended immunizations. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse recommend the client receive starting at 50 years of age? Herpes zoster vaccine Human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) Pneumococcal vaccine Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine (Hib)
Herpes zoster vaccine
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for rifampin to treat TB. The nurse should expect the provider to prescribe which of the following drugs to the client to prevent possible resistance to rifampin? Gentamicin Vancomycin Isoniazid Metronidazole
Isoniazid
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking isoniazid to treat tuberculosis. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects of the drug? Select all that apply. Jaundice Numbness of the hands Dizziness Hearing loss Oral ulcers
Jaundice Numbness of the hands Dizziness
A nurse is preparing a client who has a new prescription for maraviroc therapy. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects. (Select all that apply). Paresthesia Cough Tinnitus Jaundice Fever
Paresthesia Cough Jaundice Fever
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for cisplatin to treat testicular cancer. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects? (Select all that apply). Paresthesia Sore throat Flank pain Tinnitus Conjunctivitis
Paresthesia Sore throat Flank pain Tinnitus
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for delavirdine therapy to treat HIV-1. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse reactions to this drug? Rash Insomnia Rhinitis Alopecia
Rash
A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking metronidazole (Flagyl) to treat an anaerobic intra-abdominal bacterial infection. The health care professional should recognize that cautious use of the drug is indicated if the patient also has which of the following? Seizure disorder Hearing loss Asthma Anemia
Seizure disorder
A nurse is administering cefotetan IV to a client to treat an intra-abdominal infection. The nurse notes that the IV insertion site is warm, edematous, and painful to the touch. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Decrease the rate of the cefotetan infusion. Administer diphenhydramine to the client. Request a prescription for another antibiotic. Stop the cefotetan infusion.
Stop the cefotetan infusion.
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who was recently hospitalized and treated with imipenem IV for a bacterial infection and reports an inability to eat due to mouth pain. The nurse should identify that the client might be experiencing which of the following as an adverse effect of this drug? Malabsorption Superinfection Anorexia Dental caries
Superinfection
A nurse in a provider's office receives a call from a client who is taking ciprofloxacin to treat a respiratory tract infection and reports dyspepsia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client? Take an antacid at least 2 hr after taking the drug. Take the drug with a cup of coffee. Take an iron supplement with the drug. Take the drug with 240 mL (8 oz) of milk.
Take an antacid at least 2 hr after taking the drug.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin to treat a urinary tract infection. The client also takes prednisolone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Recognizing the adverse effects of ciprofloxacin, the nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects? Tachycardia Hair loss Insomnia Tendon pain
Tendon pain
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for ritonavir and zidovudine therapy to treat HIV-1. The nurse should inform the client that zidovudine is prescribed with ritonavir for which of the following reasons? To prevent an infusion reaction To increase platelet production To protect healthy cells from the toxic effects of ritonavir To prevent drug resistance
To prevent drug resistance
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who takes an oral contraceptive and is about to begin rifampin therapy to treat TB. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Increase rifampin dose Increase oral contraceptive dose Allow two-hours between taking the two drugs Use a non-hormonal form of contraception
Use a non-hormonal form of contraception
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for mercaptopurine to treat leukemia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply). Use contraception if pregnancy is a risk. Perform oral hygiene frequently. Avoid activities that require mental alertness. Perform hand hygiene frequently. Avoid activities that can cause injury.
Use contraception if pregnancy is a risk. Perform oral hygiene frequently. Perform hand hygiene frequently. Avoid activities that can cause injury.
A nurse is caring for a client whose sputum culture results indicate methicillin-resistant MRSA. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications will likely be administered to this client? Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Tetracycline Cephalexin Vancomycin
Vancomycin
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving vincristine to treat lung cancer. The nurse should monitor the client and recognize which of the following manifestations as an indication that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction to the drug. Weak hand grasps Constricted pupils Bradycardia Crackles
Weak hand grasps
