Week 4 - Lecture Exam I

When neither anti-A serum nor anti-B serum clot on a blood plate with donor blood, the blood is type ________.

O

Which blood type is generally called the universal donor?

O

The bicuspid or mitral valve is located

between the left atrium and left ventricle.

The ________ valve prevents backward flow into the left atrium.

bicuspid

Which of these comparisons between skeletal and heart muscle is false?

both have intercalated discs.

The heart is innervated by ________ nerves.

both parasympathetic and sympathetic

After entering the arm, the axillary artery becomes the ________ artery.

brachial

The vessel labeled "A" is the

brachial artery.

The vessel labeled "B" is the

brachiocephalic artery.

Exchange between a blood vessel and the cells that surround it can occur only in

capillaries

Identify the structure labeled "6."

cusp of tricuspid valve

The P wave of the electrocardiogram is a signal from

depolarization of the atria.

The hormone that produces cardiovascular effects similar to activation of the sympathetic nervous system is:

epinephrine

Which of the following is not a cause of bleeding disorders?

excess secretion of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)

The vessel labeled "B" is the

femoral vein

Which of the following is not a phase of hemostasis?

fibrinolysis

Which of the following is not a functional characteristic of WBCs?

granulosis

The vessel labeled "A" is the

great saphenous vein

Compared to arteries, veins

have thinner walls.

The pulmonary veins carry blood to the

heart

Which of the choices below is the parent cell for all formed elements of blood?

hemocytoblast

The special type of hemoglobin present in fetal red blood cells is ________.

hemoglobin F

Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis?

hypoxia of EPO-producing cells

When can erythroblastosis fetalis not possibly happen in the child of an Rh negative mother?

if the father is Rh-

Thromboembolic disorders ________.

include embolus formation, a clot moving within the circulatory system

Blood leaves the right ventricle by passing through the

pulmonary valve

The vessel labeled "B" is the

pulmonary veins

The normal pacemaker of the heart is located in the

sinoatrial node.

Which of the following would not be a possible cause of sickling of red blood cells in someone with sickle-cell anemia?

sleeping in a well-ventilated room

At the level of the first rib, the axillary vein becomes the ________ vein.

subclavian

The vessel labeled "A" is the

superior vena cava

The vessel that receives blood from the head, neck, chest, shoulders, and arms is the

superior vena cava

Blood is a ________.

suspension

An accelerated heart rate above 100 beats per minute is called

tachycardia

Blood flowing into the heart from the venae cavae flows next through the ________ valve.

tricuspid

The muscular layer of a blood vessel is the

tunica media

The layer of the arteriole wall that can produce vasoconstriction is the

tunica media.

The brachial artery branches to form the radial and ________ arteries.

ulnar

All of the following conditions impair coagulation except ________.

vascular spasm

Venae cavae are the largest of this type of vessel.

vein

The large vessels that return blood to the heart are called

veins

The T wave on an ECG tracing represents

ventricular repolarization.

After blood leaves the capillaries, it enters the

venules

James has a hemoglobin measurement of 16 g/100 ml blood. This is ________.

within the normal range

The cusps (leaflets) of atrioventricular valves attach directly to

chordae tendineae.

Which chamber receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circuit?

16

Which sequence is correct for the following events? 1.fibrinogen → fibrin 2.clot retraction 3.formation of thromboplastin 4.prothrombin → thrombin

3, 4, 1, 2

Arrange the structures in the following list in the order that blood will encounter as it flows from the output side to the input side of the cardiovascular flow circuit. 1. venules 2. arterioles 3. capillaries 4. elastic arteries 5. medium veins 6. large veins 7. muscular arteries

4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6

The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart. 1. right atrium 2. left atrium 3. right ventricle 4. left ventricle 5. venae cavae 6. aorta 7. pulmonary trunk 8. pulmonary veins What is the correct order for the flow of blood entering from the systemic circulation?

5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6

What is the average normal pH range of blood?

7.35-7.45

Pacemaker cells isolated from the SA node generate action potentials at ________ beats per minute.

80-100

Pulmonary arteries carry blood to the

Lungs

The term for pain associated with deficient blood delivery to the heart that may be caused by the transient spasm of coronary arteries is ________.

Angina Pectoris

Clinically, the term blood pressure usually refers to

Arterial Pressure

Elastic fibers in the walls of these vessels are stretched during systole.

Arteries

Which of the following statements does not describe blood?

Blood carriers body cells to injured areas for repair

________ is to slow heart rate as ________ is to fast heart rate.

Bradycardia; tachycardia

When the popliteal vein reaches the femur, it becomes the ________ vein.

Femoral

Arteriosclerosis can lead to

Hypertension, coronary artery disease and stroke

Which of the following is true about blood plasma?

It is about 90% water.

The chamber labeled "E" is the

Left Ventricle

Select the incorrect statement regarding blood cell formation.

Platelets are formed from myeloblasts.

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures is called the ________ pressure.

Pulse

Abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles would most change the shape of the ________ in an ECG tracing.

QRS complex

Depolarization of the ventricles is represented on an electrocardiogram by the

QRS complex.

The structure labeled "C" is the

Right Atrium

The blood in chamber "C" will next flow to the

Right Ventricle

The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backward flow into the

Right Ventricle

The right ventricle pumps blood to the

Right and left lungs

Fred's blood was determined to be AB positive. What does this mean?

There are no antibodies to A, to B, or to Rh antigens in the plasma.

Which of the following is characteristic of all leukocytes?

They are nucleated.

Which of the following is the innermost layer of a blood vessel?

Tunica Intima

Contraction of the upper chambers of the heart is called

atrial systole

Hemorrhage with a large loss of blood causes ________.

a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output

The term ductus venosus refers to ________.

a special fetal vessel that allows umbilical blood to bypass the liver

The plasma protein that is the major contributor to osmotic pressure is ________.

albumin

The left ventricle pumps blood to the

aorta

The structure labeled "A" is the

aortic arch

The structure labeled "C" is the

apex

Platelets ________.

are also called thrombocytes

Blood pressure is highest here.

artery

An important artery that supplies blood to the brain is the ________ artery.

internal carotid

Blood from the brain returns to the heart through the ________ vein.

internal jugular

What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production?

kidney

The inferior vena cava is classified as a(n)

large vein.

Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the

left atrium

Pulmonary veins carry blood to the

left atrium

The vessel labeled "C" is the

left subclavian artery

Branches off the aortic arch include the

left subclavian artery, left common carotid artery and brachiocephalic trunk

Identify the structure labeled "19."

pulmonary semilunar valve

Which of the following can be expected with anemia ________.

low hemoglobin

Which of the following is not a structural characteristic that contributes to erythrocyte gas transport functions?

mitotically active

No visible cytoplasmic granules are present in ________.

monocytes

Blood volume restorers include all of the following except ________.

packed cells

At the knee, the femoral artery becomes the ________ artery.

popliteal

Which of the following is a protective function of blood?

prevention of blood loss

Aldosterone will ________.

promote an increase in blood pressure

Blood reticulocyte counts provide information regarding ________.

rate of erythrocyte formation

An individual who is blood type AB negative can ________.

receive any blood type in moderate amounts except that with the Rh antigen

Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit first enters the

right atrium