Week 6 Pharmacology Sedative-Hypotonic Drug Therapy

A patient states, "I take diazepam with grapefruit juice every morning." Which nursing response is appropriate?

"Grapefruit products may increase the drug's concentration and effects."

Which patient statement about the pharmacodynamics of zolpidem requires further teaching by the nurse?

"I am worried that this drug will stay in my system for a long time."

Which patient statement about the pharmacodynamics of diazepam indicates that medication teaching has been effective?

"This medication can be sedating so I will not plan to drive until I know how it affects me."

Which patient, if prescribed a benzodiazepine, would the nurse contact the provider about?

A postpartum patient who is breastfeeding

Match the drug with its appropriate classification.

Benzodiazepine Diazepam Benzodiazepine-like Zolpidem Barbiturate Secobarbital Melatonin receptor agonist Ramelteon

Which statements are accurate regarding benzodiazepines?

Benzodiazepines are highly addictive. Benzodiazepines depress neuronal function at multiple sites within the central nervous system (CNS). The effect of benzodiazepines can be sedating, hypnotic, or stupor inducing.

Which assessment data would the nurse obtain before the administration of diazepam?

Blood pressure Respiratory rate Heart rate Mental status Oxygen saturation

Which instructions would the nurse provide to a patient who has been prescribed diazepam?

Crush the tablet and mix it with applesauce. This drug can be taken with or without food. The oral concentrate form of diazepam can be diluted with water.

Which phrase describes the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines?

Depresses all levels of the central nervous system (CNS) by enhancing action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Benzodiazepine-like drugs are used primarily for the treatment of which condition?

Insomnia

A patient using St. John's wort for depressive symptoms has been prescribed a benzodiazepine for management of mild panic attacks. Which drug interaction will the nurse discuss with the patient?

Lack of reduction in anxiety symptoms

Which assessment finding would cause the nurse to hold the dose of zolpidem and notify the health care provider?

Reports a history of sleep apnea

For which concerning symptom does the nurse closely monitor in a patient taking a benzodiazepine?

Respiratory depression

An older adult patient is prescribed a sedative-hypnotic in the hospital for insomnia. Which nursing actions are appropriate?

Use bed alarms. Provide call light. Keep side rails elevated.

The nurse educates the patient who has been taking zolpidem for more than a year to avoid sudden discontinuation of the drug to minimize which effect?

Vomiting

A patient is prescribed a drug for sleep that has been approved for long-term use. Which medication would the nurse anticipate will be prescribed?

Zolpidem