Western Civ Chapter 17

Diderot's most famous contribution to the Enlightenment's battle against religious fanaticism, intolerance, and prudery was his

28 volume encyclopedia compiling articles by many influential philosophers

Denying Descartes belief in innate ideas, John Locke argued that every person was born with

A blank slate

The Rousseau, the "General will" was

A social consensus to which the individual must bow

The French Rococo painter who portrayed the aristocratic life as refined, sensual, and civilized was

Antoine Watteau

The purpose of Diderot's encyclopedia, according to him, was to

Change the general way of thinking

Concerning the European legal system, by the end of the 18th century

Corporal and capital punishment were on the decline

In reaction to significant elements of rationalism and deism, in what two countries did some ordinary Protestant churchgoers choose new religious movements

England and Germany

High culture in 18th century Europe was characterized by the

Enormous impact of the publishing industry.

The Rococo artistic style of the 18th century was

Evident in the masterpieces of Balthasar Neumann

The 18th century musical composition that has been called one of the rare works that appeal immediately to everyone, and yet is indisputably a masterpiece of the highest order is

Handel's Messiah

European music in the later 18th century was well characterized by

Haydn and Mozart, who shifted the musical center form Italy and Germany, to the Australian Empire.

Pogroms were

Instances of massacring and looting of Jewish communities

The growth of reading and publishing in the 18th century was aided and characterized by the development of

Magazines for the general public

Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher, defined the enlightenment as

Man's leaving his self caused immaturity

The strongest statement and vindication of women's rights during the enlightenment was made by

Marry Wollstonecraft

The religious domination founded by John Wesley in England to provide a more emotionally fulfilling religious alternative, to the church of England was

Methodism

18th century writers, especially in England, used this new form of literary expression to attack the hypocrisies of the era and provide sentimental entertainment to the growing numbers of readers.

Novels

Johann Sebastian Bach

Produced religious music as a way to worship God

Isaac Newton and John Locke

Provided inspiration for the enlightenment by arguing that through rational reasoning and the acquisition of knowledge, one could discover natural laws governing all aspects of human society.

The punishment of crime in the 18th century was often

Public and very gruesome.

And early female philosopher who published a translation of Newton's Principia and who was the mistress of Voltaire was

The Marquise du Chatelet

A key new type of enlightened writing fueling skepticism about the "truths" of Christianity and European society was

Travel reports and comparative studies of old and new world cultures

European intellectual life in the eighteenth century was marked by the emergence of

secularization and a search to find the natural laws governing human life

The scientist-philosopher who provides a link between the scientists of the 17th century and the philosophers of the next was

Fontenelle

Voltaire was best known for his criticism of

Religious intolerance

In 18th century Europe, churches, both Catholic and Protestant,

Still played a major role in social and spiritual areas

The Jews of 18th century Europe

Were most free in participating in banking and commercial activities in tolerant cities