Western Civilization ch 1
Iron Age
The period of history after the Bronze Age, when metallurgy had advanced to using iron rather than bronze in tools and weapons. In the Middle East, this period began in approximately 1200 BC.
Hammurabi
The sixth king of Babylonia, who conquered the Akkadians and Sumerians. He developed one of the first codifications of law in the ancient world.
Neolithic
This was the New Stone Age; the period that began when agriculture is discovered and ended when metalworking became common. It was followed by the Bronze Age and Iron Age.
Which was not an innovation of early agricultural life? a. weaving b. pottery c. the mutually profitable exchange of goods d. iron metal work e. the wheel
d. iron work
Cuneiform
wedge shaped marks in clay used in counting by the Sumerians. A forerunner of today's alphabets
Egyptians often buried their Pharaohs with food, valuable items, and servants. True or False?
True
The Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, remains the central text of the Jewish religious tradition today. True False
True
The Neolithic Age was marked by the rise of agriculture. True or False?
True
The Persian king Cyrus allowed Jews in captivity to practice their religion and to rebuild their temple in Jerusalem True False
True
Zoroastrianism was based on the idea of a battle between good and evil. True False
True
The Rosetta Stone: Indicated the religious beliefs of ancient Egyptians Provided the location of King Tut's tomb Allowed scholars to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphics
Allowed scholars to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphics
Old Testament
Also known as the Hebrew Testament, these Hebrew scriptures were written primarily between 1000 and 200 BC and became the basis of Judaism and a significant influence on Christianity and Islam.
Babylonia
An ancient kingdom with the capital in Babylon
One of the most notable features of the Code of Hammurabi is the idea that laws Cannot be changed, even by a king Should be adapted as societies change Should be created by the people living under them
Cannot be changed, even by a king
Early Judaic religion was based on a belief in multiple gods. True False
False
Egyptians were challenged by the inconsistent flooding of the Nile River and depended on other civilizations for their food supply. True or False?
False
The type of writing known as cuneiform was pioneered by Egyptians. True or False?
False
The first known written story is that of: King Tut Gilgamesh Noah's Ark
Gilgamesh
Mesopotamia
Greek for "between the two rivers"; an area between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers where an ancient civilization developed.
Gilgamesh
A Sumerian ruler who ruled around 2650 BC.
Pharoah
A modern title used to refer to the rulers of ancient Egypt
city-state
A region controlled by a city, which includes the city and surrounding territory.
Zoroastrianism
A religious tradition begun by the Persian prophet Zoroaster (or Zarathustra) around 500 BC.
Ziggurat
A temple building of Mesopotamia, built in the form of a terraced pyramid.
Fertile Crescent
A term that refers to the area in the Middle East that includes the basins of the Nile, Jordan, Tigris, and Euphrates Rivers, where ancient civilization first developed. Called & quot; fertile& quot; because crops grew easily in the area.
Hieroglyphics
The Egyptian system of writing that used pictographs, which are drawn pictures meant to represent people or ideas.
The Israelites were: a. a matriarchal society b. a patriarchal society c. a seafaring society d. a polytheistic society e. a hunting and gathering society
b. a patriarchal society
The Assyrians successfully administered their empires through the following methods EXCEPT: a. militarism b. language c. art d. the deportation of troublesome people e. their brutality toward conquered peoples
c. art
The earliest form of writing is known as: Hieroglyphics Calligraphy Cuneiform
cuneiform
The principal feature of Zoroastrianism was: a. The divine authority of the Persian King b. monotheism c. sacrifice of animals d. the idea of conflict between a god of good and a god of evil e. the divinity of Zoroaster
d. the idea of conflict between a god of good and a god of evil
Hammurabi's law code favored women and children by a. requiring widowed fathers to spend their deceased wives' dowries on their sons b. requiring men to support their first wife, even if they remarried c. allowing women to keep their dowries if they left their husbands d. allowing widows to keep their dowries e. all these answers are correct
e. All these answers are correct.